YEARS
OF
WAR
BETWEEN%
HEZBOLLAH, IT IS%
FOR TWO
YEARS WE NEGLECTED D.
THERE ARE FEW
OLIVES. DIDN''T
EVEN FARM IT. ABANDONED THEIR
LAND. O COME
WE ONLY COME
HERE WHEN
ANESE UNDER
THE PROTECTION OF
THE FARMERS
HAVE ONE HE HARVEST.
COMING HERE ALONE IS DANGEROUS,
CEASE-FIRE SIGNED LAST YEAR. IN
LINE WITH THE
DEAL, THE
HEZBOLLAH CURITY
FORCE LEBANON''S SOUTH BUT ISRAEL
HAS CONTINUED TO
CARRY OUT
AIR RAIDS
AND GROUND OPERATIONS AND
PIES LEBANESE LAND. THIS MAN IS IN
CHARGE. CAN YOU
EXPLAIN WHERE WE ARE AT MOMENT?
>> WE ARE
IN A
VILLAGE ON
THE SOUTHERN
LEBANESE BORDER THAT
LOOKS OUT ON OCCUPIED PALESTINE.
AREA WHERE YOU LL OF TREES AND IT
THE VILLAGE. WE ARE A FEW HUNDRED
YARDS
THIS IS REALLY SETTLEMENT
LIES BEYOND
THE RUBBLE OF LEBANESE
LAND
LIES FALLOW,
IN CONTRAST TO LUSH GREEN ACROSS
THE BORDER.DURING
ISRAEL''S GROUND ION, TREES WERE
UPROOTED .
IN A STATEMENT,
THE IDF DENIED TY.
LEBANESE FARMERS
ARE TRYING TO
HAPPEN IF YOU
WEREN''T PRESENT
DURING THE HARVEST? RE THE
RISKS FARMERS ARE FACING?
>> THE FARMERS ARE FACING
DIFFICULT CHALLENGES BECAUSE THE
ENEMY ISRAEL IS
BASED CLOSE
TO LANDS
AND CARRIES
OUT SURVEILLANCE
OPERATIONS, OPENS FIRE TO
TERRORIZE CIVILIANS AND PREVENT
ROM REACHING THEIR LAND.
TO GIVE
PROTECT THEIR RIGHT TO WORK THEIR LAND
SAFELY. Y HAS ALSO
LAST
YEAR, DURING THE HEIGHT OF
WAR, ONE OF
HIS MEN WAS ISRAELI
TANK
AT A
CLEARLY MARKED ARMY
BASE, AN INCIDENT THE IDF CLAIMS
EDGE OF. THE WORK
IN THE BORDER REGION
EASY. THE
JUDGES -- GEOGRAPHY IS
DIFFICULT. S TRYING TO
MESSAGES AND S.
THEY ONLY HAVE ABOUT 170
TROOPS FOR A
SECTOR SPENDING .
HIS MEN
MUST SECURE FIVE
BORDER OF MILES OF
YOU AND PEACE
KEEPERS --
UN
PEACEKEEPERS ARE
HERE. EQUIPPED WITH
E SMALL.
>> DO YOU THINK THE
FARMERS NOT TEND TO THEIR
LAND IF
NOT PRESENT?
THEY WOULD NOT COME DOWN
WHY? IT WOULD NOT BE
SAFE FOR
THERE HAVE BEEN LARGE NUMBERS OF
CIVILIAN EXCAVATORS TARGETED BY
USUALLY
SMALL QUAD
COPTERS THAT ON THEM.
THERE WOULD BE
FEAR FROM THE MIGHT
HAPPEN. E
IT
UTION MINIMIZE
CIVILIAN HARM
BUT THE FACT
REMAINS THAT MORE
THAN N KILLED
STRIKES DURING THE CEASE-FIRE, ACCORDING TO
THE
FARMERS NEED
TO COME HERE DAILY
THE LAND, NOT
JUST WHEN AND THE U.N.
ESCORT.
WE ARE JUST LIVING ON OLIVE
TREES, TOBACCO AND
WHEAT. TO
WORK.
FIELDS IVE
TREES, OPTIONS?
KNOW ANYTHING ELSE. PLE HERE SURVIVE ON
IF THERE IS NO
FARMING? LL
REALIZATION THE LIFE AS IT
WAR MAY NEVER
>> WE
DON''T KNOW WHAT WILL COME OF US.
WE LIVE FROM THIS LAND.
OUR LIVES HAVE BEEN DESTROYED.
>> IT IS
AFTERNOON, AND
THE WINDOW OF THE ARMY''S PROTECTION
WE LEAVE
THE FIELDS AND HEAD FOR
AGE CENTER ALONG
ROADS, PAST MORE
THIS
IS WHAT IS LEFT OF HIS AGE.
LAYERS UPON LAYERS OF
HE
SHOWS US WHERE
HE USED TO
WITH HIS WIFE AND FIVE DREN.
THE IDF BOOBY-TRAPPED AND DETONATED THE HOUSES.
USED -- THEY SET UP A TER
HERE AND DETONATED ALL
ES. ''S FAMILY
FLED THROUGH THE FIGHTING
AND HE IS UNSURE
HEZBOLLAH USED HIS HOUSE TO
ATTACKS. F THE IDF.
IN THE RUBBLE, WE FIND A SPENT
ISRAELI ROCKET
ALONGSIDE IAN
LIFE. ''T FEEL SAFE LIVING
. THEY WON''T ALLOW
ANY OF
THE BORDER VILLAGES THAT FACE THEM
TO BE INHABITED.
>> MORE THAN A YEAR AFTER THE
RDER
'S LAND
ALL
M SIMONA
RAEL
I REACHED OUT TO
THE MILITARY
WITH QUESTIONS
N SOUTHERN
LEBANON.
ISSUED A STATEMENT THAT
READ IN PART,
SINCE THE
CEASE-FIRE CAME INTO
EFFECT, THE
''S TO
REBUILD ITS MILITARY
INCLUDING IN LEBANON
AND THE IDF ACT
IN A
TARGETED AGAINST HEZBOLLAH''S
RECONSTRUCTION ATTEMPTS.♪
GEOFF:
WE WILL
BE BACK SHORTLY.
A MOMENT TO
HEAR FROM
YOUR LOCAL PBS
STATION, A CHANCE TO
>> Hi, I'm James
Steinbach.I'm a volunteer here at PBS
Wisconsin. We're just taking a minute.
Well, acouple of minutes on thisbreak
from the NewsHour .You know,
we all know thatthis
year has been pretty dramatic year for
publicbroadcasting, radio and TV.
After 50 more than 50
yearsof funding , bipartisanfunding
support from the government,
it's defunded. Now we're not
going away. I want to emphasize
that it'sgoing to hurt, because it's
going to make us change anumber
of things. There are some stations, not us
, thatare in real deep trouble.
We're going to be okaybecause of
your support. Wewill be here
because you'rehere .
The only reason we dothese programs
is for you. And the reason you're
watching is because they make a difference. The
NewsHour, I think, to me,is
in particular one of theprograms that really
defines public broadcasting in other ways
. SesameStreet defines it for kidsprograms,
and Ken Burnsdefines it fordocumentaries
. The NewsHour and
Here and now, our show,of course
. Define it for for for public
televisionhere. So call us at
1-800-236-3636 and pledgeyour support
. >> Hi,
I'm Natalie Glumm,and
I'm a staff member hereat
PBS Wisconsin. When youmake your gift
, you provide the financial resources
forthe coverage you can counton
for this year . And wetonight
have some wonderful ways to thank you
for yoursupport . With a
$10 a month donation, you will
receivethis beautiful PBSWisconsin
Winter hat.Perfect
timing as we headinto these winter
months.The pattern includes the I
heart PBS Wisconsin logo,
and it has a fun pompom ontop
. A gift of $12 a month,
you will receive this beautiful leather bound
book. It is the US
Constitution and other writings. Like I
said, itis leather bound. It is
beautiful. It has thecollection of
crucial documents that
helped shapeour United States ofAmerica
. And this is agreat collection
oraddition to your collection.If
you are interested inlearning
more about how ourwe were
founded, and also going into our
250 year anniversary,
a gift of $15a month,
you will receivethis beautiful y ellow
bee insulated mug.
I cannottell you how beautiful
thisdesign is . Wisconsin
wildflowers are into
abumblebee design. The
bumblebee is called therusty pattern
bumblebee,which is native to
Wisconsin and it is justbeautiful. It
is, however, safer to just hand
wash andnot dishwasher wash, wash
.And with a generous gift
of$20 a month, you
willreceive not one , not two,but all
three of thesewonderful items. And what a
great way to go into thewinter season
. Please call 1-800-236-3636.
>> Hi, I'm Eric Greiling.
I'm the director of friendsof
PBS Wisconsin. We areexcited to
hear the phonesringing already becausejust
like James said ,
together we can keep PBSWisconsin
strong. I want tothank all
of you who are already
Sustainers, who arealready supporting
PBSWisconsin programs likethis,
programs like hereand now with that
monthlyongoing gift, it
is soimportant for us to have
that continued, sustainedsupport
in these d
ifficulttimes as we're facing
budget challenges. I'm asustainer.
I have the hat .I'd love for you
to calland let us say thank
you toyou with one of ourwonderful
thank you gifts.Do give us a call
right nowat 1-800-236-3636.
>> So he
has a hat. I wanta hat
. Hat, hat. Thank you. Okay,
so the other day
, Iread a report that said
that kids in this country,
teenagers in this country ,not only don't
watch orlisten to news, they
don'tbelieve that there is a
news source they can trust.And I thought
, how did that happen? And then I
thought,you know, parents , we'rethe ones who
show our kidswhat's important. When we
redo our kids, they read.When
we watch the NewsHour ,that's something they pick
up on. And I know becauseyou
watch it, that yourkids and grandkids
, whenthey get old
enough to pay attention to these things,
probably not when they're 15, are going to
pick up onthis again. That's whywe're
going to be here .It's not just for
today.It's not just for tomorrow.It's for
ten years from now .It's for the kids
who aregoing to be watching thisdown
the road, because they will need this kind
of fair, accurate information just
as much as as you do now.
So call us at
1-800-236-3636. >> The
quality of PBSWisconsin
service was built with member support,
onegift at a time. That's how
we move forward and that'show we move
forwardtogether. So if you choose,
we can thank you with agift back
to you, a $10gift, a
$10 monthly gift .You will get
this PBSWisconsin Winter hat.
Itcomes with the wonderful Iheart
PBS logo and thewonderful pom
pom on top .Perfect addition to
yourwinter attire going i
ntothis winter season. A giftof $12 a
month, you will receive this US
and other writings. Leather
boundBook this book is chock
full of crucial documents,
speeches, and other writings of
the people who shaped the United
States.And again , this is such a
great collection that to add to your collection
going into this year , as weare
celebrating 250 years,a
gift of $15 a month,
youwill receive this beautifulyellow bee
insulated mug. Again,
cannot express how beautiful this
design is. The wildflowers
integrated ,incorporated into
thedesign of the bumblebee.
The bumblebee that isnative to
Wisconsin. Andalso
it is just a
beautifulcup. A gift of $20
a monthgets you all three, so
please call us at
1800 262 363 636.
Thank you. >> When
you're a member ofPBS Wisconsin,
there are somany ways to feel
goodabout making that gift.You're
really joining a community of members
,stakeholders in this
work. That
feeling of communityis
really important, and it's something you can
carry around and say , youknow what? I'm making this
gift not only because Ivalue this service
, I valuethe news , I value the
information, but I'm alsomaking
a gift to my community, my neighbors
.Not everyone is able tomake that gift
, but if youare , it's a great time
togive us a call to become a
sustainer. Let us say thankyou to you
with that giftof yours, with a gift
ofours. All the gifts thatNatalie mentioned
, as wellas at all of these
levels.We'll send you "Airwaves"monthly
magazine and you are eligible
for Passport, a great catalog
ofadditional viewing andcontent
. Give us that callat
1-800-236-3636. GEOFF: AT THE MEN''S CENTRAL JAIL
EW
DE THE
ING KIDS A
NG
ER
HEIR
N
MY
NAME IS FRANCISCO.
RS OLD. AND I''M IN THE FOURTH
GRADE. TELL
ME WHO YOU ARE SITTING
MY
GRANDMA. WHAT
IS YOUR FAVORITE THING
UR GRANDMOTHER? MY FAVORITE
THING , SHE IS
ALWAYS THERE FOR ME.
>> FRANCISCO''S FATHER IS
IN JAIL?
N THERE
FOR?
N BY
GUADALAJARA. BROUGHT HIM HERE IN JULY
BECAUSE HE
WANTED TO BE
WITH HIS HE MISSES HIS DAD
SO I PUT HIM
SCHOOL. THE
LANGUAGE BARRIER IS HARD
ON
TO GET
INTO THE MEN''S CENTRAL
YOU HAVE TO BE ON THE PHONE
MIDNIGHT,
THURSDAY. YOU HAVE TWO
MINUTES TO TRY TO
NT. IF
YOU DON''T GET THE
ENT, THAT IS IT. I
WISH HE COULD
SEE HIM MORE BUT HE
ONLY SEES
HIM EVERY WEEKS.
0 OR SO AND
THEN
THEY TELL YOU TO SIT WAIT.
ONE DAY, SAW THIS
LIBRARY. IT WAS
BEAUTIFUL AND
I WAS LIKE,
E. I
DIDN''T KNOW THE KIDS WERE ALLOWED TO TAKE BOOKS.
DO YOU HAVE TO WAIT A LOT IN THE JAIL?
YES. LIKE
TWO OR THREE HOURS.
E GO, WE TAKE NEW
>> FIND YOUR FAVORITE
DINOSAUR .
RIGHT HERE.
THAT WAS PRETTY FAST.
WE TAKE ADVANTAGE BECAUSE OF THE
FACT THAT HE IS HAVING A
E READING. I READ
WITH HIM AND I TRANSLATE IT TO
HIM. WHAT IS THE HARDEST PART
OUT THE VISIT? >>
SEEING YOUR SON THERE.
MY GRANDSON AND MY SON,
THEY TH THEIR
MY SON
TRIES TO PUT
ON A FACE
IT DOESN''T BOTHER HIM, BUT
I KNOW IT DOES. WHAT IS
SOMETHING THAT
MAKES FRANCISCO?
>> THE WAY HE
IS, THE SMILE HE
HAS WHEN HE COMES OUT OF SCHOOL
DID
THIS, I DID THAT,
YOU. LOVE YOU.
OU, POPPA. YOU.
MY NAME IS LINDA.
MY NAME IS FRANCISCO.
THIS IS OUR BRIEF BUT CULAR
TAKE -- >> ON READING WITH MY GRANDMA.
>>
YOU CAN WATCH MORE BRIEF BUT
S.ORG/NEWS HOUR/ BRIEF.
ALSO
ONLINE, WHO WILL GET THE SO-CALLED
TRUMP ACCOUNTS AFTER
ILY PLEDGED
$6 BILLION FOR INVESTMENT ACCOUNTS
FOR CHILDREN
AUTHORIZED IN THE ILL PASSED THIS YEAR.
HAT IS
THE NEWS ARE FOR
I''M GEOFF BENNETT.
S ING
RT OF YOUR EVENING WITH US.
MAJOR
FUNDING FOR THE PBS
PROVIDED BY.
>> FRIENDS
OF THE NEWSHOUR,
INCLUDING JIM AND NANCY, AND
THE NDATION.
THE WALTON
FAMILY FOUNDATION,
TIONS TO PROTECT
DURING
CLIMATE CHANGE SO ND
NATURE CAN THRIVE TOGETHER.
SUPPORTED BY
THE JOHN D. AND MACARTHUR
COMMITTED TO
A JUST, VERDANT AND
WORLD.
WITH THE
ONGOING SUPPORT OF
S AND
♪
>> THIS
PROGRAM WAS MADE
IBUTIONS TO PBS
STATION FROM
VIEWERS THANK YOU.
♪
[CAPTIONING PERFORMED BY THE NATIONAL CAPTIONING INSTITUTE,
WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITSCAPTION CONTENT AND ACCURACY.]
>> Program support for PBS Wiscon
sin
is provided by:
The Mead Witter Foundation, Inc.
in Wisconsin Rapids.
Proud to support PBS Wisconsin.
(JONAS)
YOU KNOW WHEN YOU GET
EW PLACE AND RIGHT AWAY YOU FEEL TH
AT
THERE'S SOMETHING
SPECIAL ABOUT IT BUT YOU
CAN'T QUITE PUT YOUR
FINGER ON WHAT IT IS?
THAT'S EXACTLY HOW I
FELT THE FIRST TIME I
VISITED THE DRIFTLESS
REGION.
(♪ )
(KAITLYN)
THIS LAND IS ANCIENT
)
(OFF CAMERA)
HOLDING ONTO THE
YELLOW.
ALRIGHT,
THERE'S THE CAMERA.
AND HERE'S YOUR SAFETY.
(JONAS)
THIS IS ME.
MY NAME IS JONAS
STENSTROM AND I'M FROM
SWEDEN BUT RIGHT NOW I'M
HANGING ON THE EDGE OF A
CLIFF BY THE MISSISSIPPI
RIVER IN SOUTHERN
MINNESOTA.
WHY?
WELL,
WE'LL GET TO THAT IN A
BIT.
THIS HERE IS MY BEST
FRIEND AND BUSINESS
PARTNER,
ROB NELSON.
(ROB)
WE GOTTA FIGURE OUT
Y DEEPER WATER IS.
(JONAS)
WE'RE BOTH BIOLOGISTS
AND FILMMAKERS.
TOGETHER WE TRAVEL ALL
OVER TO FIND AND
DOCUMENT INTERESTING
WILDLIFE STORIES.
IT STARTED AS A PASSION
TO DOCUMENT NATURE AND
NOW WE FEEL IT'S OUR
MISSION TO SHOW OUR
CHILDREN THAT
INTERESTING NATURE
STORIES CAN BE FOUND
EVEN IN PLACES YOU DON'T
EXPECT IT.
WHERE WE ARE RIGHT NOW
IS ONE OF THOSE.
WE ARE IN THE DRIFTLESS
REGION AN AREA LOCATED
BY THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI
RIVER FROM SOUTHERN
MINNESOTA AND WISCONSIN
TO NORTHERN IOWA,
AND A SMALL SECTION OF
NORTHWESTERN ILLINOIS.
THE REASON THIS REGION
IS SPECIAL IS IN ITS
NAME: DRIFTLESS,
DRIFT,
OR MORE SPECIFICALLY,
GLACIAL DRIFT,
IS A GEOLOGICAL TERM FOR
MATERIAL TRANSPORTED AND
LEFT BEHIND BY GLACIERS.
AT DIFFERENT TIMES IN
HISTORY,
MUCH OF THE LAND HAS
BEEN COVERED BY GLACIAL
ICE.
TIMES WE OFTEN REFER TO
AS GLACIAL PERIODS OR
MORE COMMONLY THE ICE
AGES.
DURING THE LAST GLACIAL
OD,
WHICH IS BELIEVED TO
HAVE ENDED ABOUT 11,000
YEARS AGO,
THE MILE THICK PACK OF
ICE MOVED SOUTH FROM
CANADA AND COVERED MUCH
OF THE NORTHERN PART OF
THE U.S.
IT'S DESTRUCTIVE FORCE
D EVERYTHING IN
ITS WAY AND WHEN THE ICE
EVENTUALLY DISAPPEARED,
THE LAND UNDERNEATH WAS
FOREVER CHANGED.
LITERALLY LEVELED TO THE
GROUND EXCEPT HERE.
OF ALL THE KNOWN GLACIAL
PERIODS,
THE AREA WE TODAY CALLED
THE DRIFTLESS REGION
NEVER GOT COVERED BY THE
ICE.
SOMEHOW THIS REGION GOT
SPARED AND WHAT WAS LEFT
BEHIND WAS AN
ENVIRONMENT FILLED WITH
INTERESTING STORIES.
WITH GREAT ENVIRONMENTAL
AND CULTURAL IMPORTANCE.
BUT WHY DID ALL THESE
GLACIAL ADVANCES MISS
THE DRIFTLESS REGION?
THIS IS UNIQUE ON EARTH.
WE'RE HERE TO FIND SOME
ANSWERS.
ROB IS REALLY THE ONE
WHO TOLD ME HOW TO COME
AND SEE THIS.
HE WAS HERE FILMING A
FEW YEARS AGO AND THE
MORE THE TEAM STARTED
DIGGING INTO IT THE MORE
THEY REALIZED THAT THIS
WAS A TRULY UNIQUE PART
OF THE WORLD AND THAT
MOST PEOPLE HAD NO IDEA
ABOUT IT.
THE TEAM LEFT WITH TOO
MANY UNANSWERED
QUESTIONS,
STORIES THAT SEEMED TOO
INTERESTING TO STAY
UNDOCUMENTED.
ROB CALLED ME UP AND
SAID,
"HEY JONAS,
GET THE CAMERA'S READY.
WE HAVE SOME PLACES TO
SO HERE WE ARE
BUT NONE OF THIS WOULD
HAVE BEEN POSSIBLE
WITHOUT OUR TWO LOCAL
GUIDES,
GEORGE HOWE AND TIM
JACOBSON.
AS A BIOLOGIST BORN AND
RAISED IN THE DRIFTLESS,
GEORGE IS LIKE A WALKING
BOOK OF STORIES ABOUT
THE REGION.
(GEORGE)
COUNTLESS FRAGMENTS OF
ORGANISM LIFE
CYCLE OF FRESHWATER
MUSSELS.
AND TIM,
EQUALLY AS FILLED WITH
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE INS
AND OUTS OF THE
DRIFTLESS AND ALWAYS
ARMED WITH THE CAMERA
AND READY IF THERE'S
SOMETHING TO DOCUMENT.
THEIR PASSION FOR THE
DRIFTLESS IS REALLY THE
REASON THIS STORY
STARTED IN THE FIRST
PLACE.
RIGHT NOW WE'RE ITCHING
TART LOOKING FOR
SOME OF THE ANSWERS TO
THE MANY QUESTIONS WE
HAVE AND WHAT BETTER
PLACE TO START THAN FROM
THE SKY?
LUCKY FOR US,
TIM IS ALSO A PILOT.
(♪ )
IT'S PRETTY AMAZING TO
THE MISSISSIPPI
RIVER FROM THIS
PERSPECTIVE.
THE HUGE AMOUNT OF WATER
MOVING DOWNSTREAM AND
CONSTANTLY RESHAPING THE
RIVER VALLEY IN ITS WAY.
THE WATER PUSHING
SEDIMENT AROUND,
CUTTING THROUGH LARGE
FLOODPLAIN FORESTS,
AND CREATING A NETWORK
OF LITTLE ISLANDS AND
WINDING CANALS
EVERYWHERE IN BETWEEN.
ONE EXCEPTION IS LAKE
THE LARGEST LAKE IN THE
WIDEST NATURAL SECTION
OF THE ENTIRE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
ANOTHER INTERESTING
OBSERVATION WE MADE,
WERE SMALL DOTS ON THE
LANDSCAPE,
SINKHOLES,
THAT SEEM TO PEPPER THE
FIELDS.
BUT THE MOST STRIKING
ES OF THE AREA ARE
WITHOUT A DOUBT THE
STEEP BLUFFS LINING THE
MIGHTY MISSISSIPPI
RIVER.
FROM THE GROUND THEY
LOOK LIKE IMPRESSIVE
HILLS,
WITH SECTIONS OF
VERTICAL EXPOSED ROCK
THAT IS LAYERED IN BANDS
WITH DIFFERENT COLORS,
BUT FROM THE AIR THERE'S
ALSO SOMETHING ELSE
ABOUT THE BLUFFS THAT
STANDS OUT.
ALL THE BLUFFS LINING
THE RIVER AS WELL AS
FURTHER INLAND ARE THE
EXACT SAME HEIGHT.
LIKE THE PEAKS HAVE ALL
BEEN SHAVED DOWN TO THE
SAME LEVEL BUT INSTEAD
OF JUST A FLAT PLATEAU,
THE LAND IS DISSECTED BY
VALLEYS BETWEEN THE
BLUFFS CREATING THE
STRIKING TOPOGRAPHY THAT
IS CHARACTERIZING THE
DRIFTLESS.
AND ALL THE STREAMS AND
RIVERS SEEM TO ALSO
EVENTUALLY LINK UP WITH
MISSISSIPPI.
WHAT WE ARE SEEING ARE
THE RESULTS OF THE
UNIQUE GEOMORPHOLOGY
THAT HAS SHAPED THE
DRIFTLESS REGION.
"HOW? IS THE DIFFERENT
QUESTION.
BUT EVERYTHING IS
LINKED.
THE STREAMS,
THE BLUFFS,
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
AND TO UNDERSTAND THIS,
WE MUST FIRST LOOK AT
HOW THIS LAND WAS FORMED
IN THE FIRST PLACE AND
THE CLUES ARE IN THE
(COLLIN)
I
TALK ABOUT- YOU KNOW-
WITH MY STUDENTS IS
"WHAT DID THIS LANDSCAPE
LOOK LIKE AT THESE
VARIOUS POINTS IN TIME?"
AND ONE OF THE THINGS I
THINK IS REALLY NEAT
ABOUT STUDYING ROCKS FOR
INSTANCES.
THAT'S HOW WE KNOW,
RIGHT?
THAT'S WHERE THAT
N COMES UP
FROM ABOUT THE NATURAL
HISTORY OF THE WORLD
THAT WE LIVE IN.
(JONAS)
COLLIN EXPLAINS THAT
FS ARE MADE UP OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
THAT
DATES BACK TO A TIME
WHEN ALL OF THIS,
AND IN FACT,
THE WHOLE PLANET,
LOOKED A LOT DIFFERENT.
(COLLIN)
ROCKS THAT MAKE UP THE
,
THOSE ROCKS HAVE CLUES
WITHIN THEM THAT TELL US
THAT THIS WOULD HAVE
BEEN A TROPICAL SEA THAT
WE'VE HAD HERE 500 TO
450 MILLION YEARS AGO.
ALRIGHT?
WHICH IS CRAZY TO THINK
T WHEN YOU LOOK AT THIS LANDSCAPE T
HAT WE
SEE TODAY AND WE'RE IN
THE MID LATITUDES IN THE
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE.
(JONAS)
LET'S STOP HERE FOR A
AND TAKE THIS IN.
WE ARE NOW ABOUT A
THOUSAND MILES FROM THE
ATLANTIC COAST TO THE
EAST AND MORE THAN 1,700
MILES FROM THE PACIFIC
COAST TO THE WEST AND
ALL OF THIS WAS ONCE
PART OF A SUBTROPICAL
OCEAN.
(COLLIN)
NORTH AMERICA WOULDA
TED ABOUT 90
DEGREES ON ITS SIDE AND
AND WE WOULD HAVE BEEN
LOCATED AT ABOUT 20 OR
SO DEGREES SOUTH
LATITUDE IN THE SOUTHERN
HEMISPHERE,
RIGHT?
AND SO OVER TIME,
NORTH AMERICA SPUN AND
WORKED ITS WAY UP TO ITS
MODERN-DAY LOCATION.
(JONAS)
AND NEW SEDIMENT LAYERS
CONTINUOUSLY BEING
DEPOSITED ON THE BOTTOM,
SEALING IN ANOTHER
CHAPTER IN GEOLOGICAL
HISTORY.
THE RESULTING SEDIMENT
LAYER CAKE WE SEE IN
PLACES LIKE HERE IN THE
DRIFTLESS IS LIKE A
GEOLOGICAL CALENDAR,
LOCKING IN MANY OF THE
MARINE CREATURES THAT
WERE PRESENT IN THESE
WATERS AT DIFFERENT
TIMES.
(JORDAN)
JORDAN KJOME,
FROM DECORAH,
IOWA.
AND THIS IS MY FATHER,
JOHN KJOME.
(JOHN)
WE MET WHEN HE WAS
BORN.
WELL I GREW UP PICKING
ARROWHEADS WHICH BECAME
FOSSIL-PICKING WHEN WE
STARTED CANOEING.
AND SO I TALKED TO
JORDAN ABOUT FOSSIL
PICKING AND IT DIDN'T
TAKE MUCH TO GET HIM
HOOKED.
(JORDAN)
TRUE STORY.
THE FLAT SPIRALS LIKE
THESE ARE CALLED
MACLURITES.
THE ONES WITH THIS
SPIRAL ARE GASTROPODS.
HAVING STARTED AT A
YOUNG AGE I THINK IT'S
JUST A PART OF WHO I AM.
I FEEL LIKE THAT'S MY
MAIN PASSION IS BEING
OUT THERE IN NATURE AND
EXPLORING AND BEING IN
CAVES AND LOOKING FOR
FOSSILS AND ARROWHEADS
AND I THINK AS I STARTED
AT A YOUNG AGE,
YOU HOOKED ME.
(ROB)
THIS IS AMAZING.
LIKE LOOK AT THIS
PARTICULAR ROCK.
I MEAN I GUESS THESE ARE
BIVALVES,
LITTLE SEASHELL TYPE
THINGS AND THE COOL
THING IS THIS WAS 400
MILLION YEARS AGO AND
YOU CAN STILL FIND
THINGS THAT LOOK JUST
LIKE THIS TODAY.
THE OTHER COOL THING IS
THAT WE ARE NOWHERE NEAR
THE OCEAN AND THESE ARE
OCEAN ANIMALS AND THAT'S
PRETTY AMAZING.
HOLY MOLY.
(JONAS)
ASIDE FROM A CHANCE TO
FIND FOSSILS,
THERE ARE OTHER THINGS
THAT INTRIGUE US ABOUT
THIS SEDIMENTARY ROCK
LAYER CAKE.
WHEN DIFFERENT LAYERS OF
ROCK ARE STACKED ON TOP
OF EACH OTHER LIKE THIS,
INTERESTING THINGS CAN
TO HAPPEN ON THE
GROUND AS WE NOTICED ON
OUR INITIAL FLIGHT OVER
THE AREA.
FOSSILS ARE FOUND IN A
LIMESTONE ROCK,
A ROCK TYPE THAT MAY
SLOWLY START TO DISSOLVE
AWAY AS WATER PASSES
THROUGH IT OVER TIME.
(DYLAN)
AS WATER FILTERS
THROUGH THIS IT'LL
ACTUALLY DISSOLVE PART
OF THE ROCK AND OVER
TIME THOSE CRACKS START
TO GET BIGGER AND BIGGER
BECAUSE WE'RE DISSOLVING
MORE AND MORE OF THAT
ROCK AND SO WHAT HAPPENS
IS WE CREATE THESE
CAVERNS WITHIN THE ROCK.
(ROB)
THAT IS A SINKHOLE
RIGHT THERE.
THAT'S A SINKHOLE.
ALL THOSE,
THOSE ARE SINKHOLES.
ANY TIME YOU SEE LITTLE
PATCHES OF TREES,
THAT'S PRETTY MUCH A
.
LIKE THIS RIGHT HERE,
RIGHT NEXT TO THE ROAD.
THAT'S A SINKHOLE.
RIGHT NEXT TO THE
CEMETERY WOW THIS WHOLE
LANDSCAPE IS JUST DOTTED
WITH THESE LITTLE
PATCHES OF TREES AND
WHEN YOU GET UP TO THE
LITTLE PATCHES OF TREES
YOU REALIZE THAT IT GOES
STRAIGHT DOWN.
(DYLAN)
A SINKHOLE WOULD BE
SORT OF A BIG ROOM OR A
BIG CAVERN THAT WOULD
FORM AND AS IT DISSOLVES
- AS THAT ROCK
DISSOLVES- AND WE START
TO GET THINNER AND
THINNER.
THE LAYER UP ABOVE IT-
THAT LAYER,
THAT TOP LAYER- CAN THEN
COLLAPSE.
RIGHT AND SO THEN WE
HAVE THE SURFACE LAYER
COLLAPSE INTO THE SUB
LAYER CREATING ONE OF
THESE SINKHOLES.
(ROB)
I'M RIGHT OVER THE TOP
OF THIS SINKHOLE.
LOOK HOW DEEP IT IS.
YEAH THAT'S THE TOP.
THAT'S THE TOP OF THE
TREES IN THAT HOLE.
WHO WOULD HAVE THOUGHT
THAT THERE IS A SINKHOLE
CAPITAL AND WE'RE IN IT
RIGHT NOW.
FOUNTAIN,
MINNESOTA: SINKHOLE
CAPITAL OF THE USA.
WHY ARE THE SINKHOLES
HERE AND NOT OTHER
PLACES?
(TIM)
WELL THEY'RE MUCH MORE
PROMINENT IN THIS
FOUNTAIN AREA HERE
BECAUSE THAT LIMESTONE
THAT SLOWLY DISSOLVES IS
VERY CLOSE TO THE
SURFACE AND IT'S NOT
PROTECTED BY MUCH SOIL.
SO IT'S VERY EASY FOR
THE RAIN WATER,
SURFACE WATER WHICH IS
WEAKLY ACIDIC TO COME IN
CONTACT WITH THE
LIMESTONE AND START TO
DISSOLVE IT.
THERE ARE ALSO PARTS OF
DRIFTLESS WHERE YOU
DON'T FIND MANY
SINKHOLES BECAUSE
THERE'S ANOTHER LAYER OF
ROCK OVER THE TOP OF THE
LIMESTONE AND THAT
SOMETIMES CAPS THE
SURFACE.
(JONAS)
WE SOMETIMES HAVE A
TENDENCY TO FORGET THAT
THERE COULD BE A LOT OF
THINGS GOING ON UNDER
OUR FEET WITHOUT OUR
KNOWLEDGE.
THIS REGION IS PROOF OF
THAT.
WHO KNOWS HOW MANY OF
SINKHOLES THAT ARE
CONNECTED UNDERGROUND
AND HOW MANY MORE THAT
ARE GOING TO OPEN UP IN
THE FUTURE.
(ROB)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14- THEY'RE JUST
LIKE ALL OVER THE PLACE.
(JONAS)
WE PROBABLY WOULDN'T
EVEN HAVE KNOWN THAT
RE GIANT
UNDERGROUND CAVITIES
LIKE THIS IF THE
DISSOLVED LIMESTONE HAD
NOT BEEN SO CLOSE TO THE
SURFACE AS IT IS HERE IN
FOUNTAIN.
BUT SINKHOLES EXIST IN
OTHER PARTS OF THE
DRIFTLESS AS WELL.
WE HAVE BEEN TOLD ABOUT
A SPECIAL ONE HIDDEN
AWAY IN THE FOREST.
(ROB)
THE ENTIRE THING IS
VICIOUS PLANTS
NETTLE,
NETTLE.
(JONAS)
TO THE TOP OF THE BLUFF.
(ROB)
THIS SINKHOLE IS
ACTUALLY ON PRIVATE LAND
SO WE CAN'T REALLY SHOW
WHERE WE ARE BUT I CAN
TELL YOU IT'S UP AT THE
TOP OF THIS HILL.
IT'S VERY STEEP.
WOW,
LOOK AT THIS.
(JONAS)
THIS IS SO DIFFERENT TO
THE OTHER ONES WE'VE
SEEN.
YOU CAN STILL SEE THE
KIND OF ALMOST CUP
SHAPED GROUND.
HOW EVERYTHING IS KIND
OF SUNK IN.
BUT IN CONTRAST TO THE
OTHER ONES THAT WE'VE
SEEN,
THIS IS ACTUALLY GOING
INTO A CAVE THIS TIME
WE'RE BEING GUIDED BY
BUZZ BOCHER,
WHO IS A RETIRED
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
INSTRUCTOR AND KNOWS
THIS SINKHOLE CAVE
INSIDE OUT.
(BUZZ)
IF YOU'RE HAVING A
CK,
YOU NEED TO TELL
SOMEBODY.
(ROB)
SO IT'S TIGHT.
(BUZZ)
OH YEAH.
THERE'S SOME REALLY
IGHT SPOTS.
(ROB)
LIKE BY REALLY TIGHT,
AN LIKE JOIN YOUR
HANDS-
(BUZZ)
HANDS IN FRONT OF YOU
AND WIGGLE THROUGH.
YEAH IF YOU WERE WEARING
A HELMET,
YOU'D HAVE TO TAKE THE
HELMET OFF ''CAUSE THE
HELMET WOULDN'T FIT.
(JONAS)
AS WE DESCEND INTO THE
CAVE,
WE IMMEDIATELY ENTERED
THE BIG MAIN CHAMBER
THAT LIES JUST A COUPLE
OF FEET BELOW THE
SURFACE.
THIS HOLLOWED-OUT CAVERN
IS ULTIMATELY WHAT
CAUSED THE GROUND TO
COLLAPSE AND EXPOSE THIS
SINKHOLE.
SEEING THE SINKHOLE FROM
THIS SIDE ADDS A WHOLE
NEW PERSPECTIVE AND
UNDERSTANDING TO WHAT WE
SAW EARLIER,
BUT ALREADY AT THE BACK
OF THE MAIN CHAMBER
THINGS STARTED TO GET
TIGHTER.
(ROB)
JUST TRYING TO GET A
FEEL FOR WHERE MY LEGS
ARE AND IF I CAN GET IN.
(JONAS)
IN THE SO-CALLED BIRTH
CANAL,
MARKS THE BEGINNING OF
WHERE THE WATER DRAINS
OUT OF THE LARGE
SINKHOLE CAVERN AND A
COMMON PLACE FOR
CLAUSTROPHOBIA TO KICK
IN.
TIM IS STARTING TO HAVE
BAD FLASHBACKS FROM AN
EARLIER VISIT.
(TIM)
I'M SERIOUS.
NOBODY CRACK JOKES ABOUT
THE TIGHTNESS OF THIS
THING.
I'M SERIOUS.
JUST- I'M CHILL AND I
WANT TO STAY CHILL.
(JONAS)
THIS IS AS FAR AS WE
IT THIS TIME,
BUT THE TUNNEL SYSTEM
UES.
WE'RE TOLD THAT OTHER
CAVERS HAVE MADE IT
ALMOST THREE TIMES AS
FAR IN THE PAST.
THIS IMPRESSIVE SINKHOLE
CAVE HAS GIVEN US A
GLIMPSE INTO THE
UNDERGROUND ACTIVITY OF
THE DRIFTLESS BUT IT'S
ONLY THE BEGINNING AS
SINKHOLES ARE NOT THE
ONLY WAY INTO THIS
HIDDEN WORLD.
(♪ )
IN THE FALL OF
1967,
CAVE EXPLORERS STEVE
BARNETT AND DAVE JANO
ARE ABOUT TO MAKE AN
INCREDIBLE DISCOVERY AND
UNCOVER ONE OF THE
BIGGEST AND MOST
IMPRESSIVE HIDDEN
SECRETS OF THE DRIFTLESS
REGION.
BARNETT HAD SCOUTED THE
LOCATION BEFORE FREE
DIVING THE 47 DEGREE
WATER,
HE FOUND THAT THE SPRING
AT THE BASE OF THE BLUFF
SEEMED TO BE THE OUTFLOW
OF A POTENTIAL CAVE
SYSTEM.
THE TWO HAD BEEN
INVESTIGATING SPRINGS
ALL OVER NORTHEAST IOWA
WITH HOPES OF FINDING
UNDISCOVERED CAVES.
THE VOLUME OF WATER AT
THIS SPRING SHOWED
POTENTIAL OF A
GOOD-SIZED TUNNEL
INSIDE.
AT THIS POINT,
THE TWO HAD NO IDEA THAT
THE CAVE SYSTEM THEY
WERE ABOUT TO ENTER
WITHIN THE NEXT COUPLE
OF YEARS TAKE THEM MILES
UNDERGROUND UNDER THE
IOWA FARMLANDS.
>> Hi, I'm James Steinbach.
I'm a volunteer here at
PBSWisconsin, and we're justtaking a
quick break from Decoding the World,
thewilderness. It is kind ofthe wilderness
, theDriftless. This is abeautiful
film. I love thisfilm for a
lot of reasons,and we'll get a chance
totalk about that as we goalong
. But what I want tosay now is
that in order to have programs like this
, wehave to have thispartnership between you
andus. And I'm part of thepartnership
, too. I'm asustainer . I've been asustainer
for a long time .Together, we are going
tomake sure that publicbroadcasting in Wisconsin
stays on the air . Oh, andin fact
, I have to remember to thank my friend
Mike,who I just met at the at
habitat where I volunteer .Mike, you said you
weregoing to. So come on,expect a
call. Come on.Right on up. This
program Ithink, is a real gem
. It'sthe kind of program youexpect to
see from from public broadcasting,
from PBS Wisconsin. And you
arenot going to find itanyplace else
. And that'sbecause our commitment is
to make programs thatmatter to you
. They make a difference to you, programs
that you value, programs you're going to want
towatch again and again.Programs are going
to talkto people about. So call
usat 1-800-236-3636.
>> Hi, I'm
Natalie, I'm a staff member
here at PBSWisconsin.
And what a treat it is
to gain new perspective into
themarvels of the Driftless
Area. I have to admit, I'm
a little obsessed with theDriftless Area.
Once Idiscovered it existed way
back in 1986, and it's beenaround
way longer than that ,obviously. But
because ofyour support , we are able
to bring you programs likethis,
and we have somewonderful ways to
thank you.Tonight , with a gift
of $12a month, you can receiveeither
a Decoding the
Driftless DVD or Blu
ray,or with the gift of
$12 amonth, you can receive
this beautiful book to accompany
the documentary Decodingthe
The Driftless. It's a
reader book, and Idefinitely
am going to pickone of these
up myselfbecause like I said, I am
obsessed with the Driftless Area. And if
you have a gift of
$25 a month, youwill
get the book, the
DVD. Also this beautiful
PBSWisconsin hat that is
theright color for theDriftless Area
, along withthis wonderful print thatshows
you the map. Soplease call
1-800-236-3636. >> Hi,
I'm Eric Greiling.I'm the director of Friends
of PBS Wisconsin . When wasthe
last time you weretruly surprised
or awed bysomething? When's the last
time you made an unexpecteddiscovery
? Well, here at PBS Wisconsin,
we want to take you there
. We want totake you there withprograms
like Decoding theDriftless . We want to take
you to special places inWisconsin to
discover forthe first time or moredeeply, we
want to take you all around the world
. Wewant to take you around thecosmos
, I think. But let ustake you
there. Let us help you find
unexpected places. That journey starts
withyou. Please considerbecoming
a sustainer,giving us
that regularmonthly support that
allowsus to plan ahead,
t o findprograms
like this, and totake you
on that journey, that unexpected journey
,whether it's here in Wisconsin, which our
we really want tobring
you every day and all
around the world, pleasegive us a
call at one(800) 236-3636.
>> So get to
introduce.This is important.
Tim Jacobson
, who is the one of
the producers and presidentof
the SustainableDriftless. Did I
get thatright? You did. Yes.>>
Good. I don't always oneof the producers
of thefilm now you know
I knowand you especially knowthese things
don't justhappen . They take a
tremendous amount of work .So how did
this happen? >> Yeah, well
, the film Decoding the Driftless
wasmy second film
about the Driftless Region.
So we had my co-producer,
George Howe,the late George Howe,
and Ihad a relationship for
along time with Untamed
Science, which was an
organization that made
science learning fun. And
so we had worked with them,collaborated on
an earlierfilm,
mysteries of theDriftless , and which
wasreleased and broadcast on
PBS in 2013. And
then andthen in 2018, we we came
together. Well, actually,starting about
2016, westarted making
Decoding the Driftless. It was
a multi-year
process.>> Together we'll get achance
to talk about thismore. In the m eantime
, callus at 1-800-236-3636.
>> Your gift allows
filmmakers like Tim here tobring
these natural wonders right into your home
, weekafter week , year after year
.So we have wonderful
giftsto thank you tonight, agift
of $12 a month , youwill receive
either thisbeautiful DVD,
Blu ray edition
or this wonderful book, which is
the DecodingDriftless Reader's Guide.
It's a great accompany tothe
documentary, and with a
gift of $25 a
month, youwill also you. You
willreceive the DVD
Blu ray. You will receive the
wonderful. Excuse
medecoding the DriftlessReader's
Edition, and you will also receive
thiswonderful PBS Wisconsin
hat,which is green in color
,the right color to betraveling
when you'retraveling around theDriftless Region
. And alsothis wonderful
print thatshows the map of the
Driftless Area so you don'tget lost
. Thank you so much.And please
call us at 1-800-236-3636.
>> This film,
Decoding theDriftless is really special
to me because I come fromthe
Driftless. I'm aRichland Center boy
, and I learned things from this
film that I didn't knowthat
I wanted to go discover firsthand,
evenhaving spent so much time
there in my youth , I didn'tknow
they were there. And that's one of the
richthings about the DriftlessArea is there's
alwayssomething to discover ,whether it's over
the hillor in the next valley
, orjust around that big
oaktree. If you're a
driftless native, a driftless
person,or just a fan of theDriftless
, please give us a call. Go online
. Use thatQR code . If you use that
QRcode, it'll take you rightto the
gifts and you can make your selection for
theway we can say thank youwhen you support pro
graming like this program
thattakes you into the heart of
Wisconsin and shows youjust a little
bit more. We can't do it without you and
we love doing it
for you.So please give us a call
at 1-800-236-3636.
>> So I.
>> Love what. Eric was saying
aboutdiscovery, which issomething
that's reallyimportant to us here at
PBS.This film is all
aboutdiscovery. And people
around the country havediscovered this film
. Sotalk about that a bit.What's been
the reaction?>> Yeah , well, we were
really amazed when we , youknow, made our
first film.It was broadcast justaround the
u pper Midwest.
And so when we came outwith Decoding
the Driftless,we kind of assumed the same
thing, you know , maybeWisconsin,
Minnesota, Iowathat, you know, Illinois,
perhaps. And it ended upgetting
broadcast in more than 42 states
around thecountry . So we were
justthrilled. So good to hear
.>> So many people havelearned about
the DriftlessRegion through this film.>> And
do you get to speakwith folks
about this, too? I mean, this is
your life,to put it
broadly.>> Well , I have a day
job,but yeah, we definitely getto speak
.>> Well, I met withDriftless as you
.>> Oh yes, the Driftless isdefinitely my life.
Filmmaking is something
Isqueeze in every now andagain
. But yeah, it's beena
great to hear the reaction from so many
people who just love andmarvel at
the Driftless Region.
film beautifulsomething,
not just the content, which
is wonderfulwhat you see, but the
wayit's been put together.We'll be able
to talk aboutthat a bit more in
the nextbreak, I think. So staytuned
. Stay tuned and callus
1-800-236-3636. >> And
let's take a final look at the gifts
before wereturn to the program. For
a gift of $12 a month, you
will receive this DVD or
Blu ray of Decoding theDriftless. Or
for $12 a month, you receive
thisbeautiful reader's edition.
For a gift of
$25 a month, you will receive
the book,the DVD, this wonderful
PBSWisconsin hat, which is
theright color and also thisprint. So please
call us at 1-800-236-3636.
THIS IS WHAT THE LAND LOOKS LIKE ONLY A COUPLE
OF MILES FROM THE
SPRING. TOOK A WHILE FOR US TO
FIND THIS BECAUSE THIS IS RIGHT IN THE MIDDLE
OF KIND OF NOWHERE. IN THE MIDDLE OF A
FIELD, JUST LIKE A BUNCH OF
TREES RIGHT HERE, (ROB)
SO LET ME JUST FILL YOU N WHAT WE'RE DOING.
THIS LITTLE STRUCTURE BEHIND US IS WHERE THE
ENTRANCE TO THE CAVE IS. IT GOES DOWN ALMOST A
HUNDRED FEET. (♪ )
(JONAS)
TO THIS DATE,
NO NATURAL SURFACE
ENTRANCE TO THIS CAVE
HAS BEEN FOUND AND THE
SPRING RESURGENCE HAS
BEEN GATED OFF FOR
SAFETY REASONS.
THE ONLY WAY TO GET TO
THE CAVE SYSTEM TODAY IS
HERE.
(♪ )
(GEORGE)
SEE YOU DOWN BELOW
(♪ )
(JONAS)
AT SOME POINT,
SO YOU DRILLED THIS HOLE
DOWN.
SOMEHOW THEY HAD FIGURED
OUT THE DOWN HERE IS THE
BEST PLACE TO ACTUALLY
GET TO THE CAVE SYSTEM.
THE SINKHOLE CAVE GAVE
US AN IDEA WHAT WAS
GOING ON,
BUT THIS IS JUST
INCREDIBLE.
WE'RE STANDING IN AN
UNDERGROUND RIVER
RUNNING THROUGH A TUNNEL
LARGE ENOUGH TO FIT A
TRAIN.
AND WE'RE LUCKY THERE
HASN'T BEEN A WHOLE LOT
OF RAIN LATELY SO THE
WATER'S WAIST-DEEP AT
(ROB)
BASICALLY WE'RE TRYING
TO TRAVERSE BACK INTO
THIS CAVE AND IT'S
TRICKY BECAUSE EVERY
STEP IS DIFFERENT.
(GEORGE)
THE BIGGEST HAZARD IS
TRIPPING SO JUST GO
REALLY SLOW.
TRY NOT TO DUMP THE
CAMERAS.
OH THAT'S GONNA BE COOL
(JONAS)
HOLD IT AT 3 2 1.
THE TUNNEL ALMOST LOOKS
DUG OUT BUT NO HUMAN HAS
HAD ANYTHING TO DO WITH
MAKING THIS.
ONLY WATER SLOWLY OVER
TIME,
ERODING AWAY THE
LIMESTONE SEDIMENTARY
ROCK AND CREATING A
NETWORK OF TUNNELS AND
PASSAGEWAYS.
IN SEVERAL PLACES WE CAN
HOW WATER IS
LITERALLY COMING OUT OF
THE ROCK AND FEEDING
MORE WATER TO THE
UNDERGROUND RIVER.
AND JUST A SHORT WALK
AM,
WE COME ACROSS A WHOLE
OVERED IN FOSSILS.
THESE ARE CRINOIDS:
ANCIENT SEA LILIES.
RELATIVES OF TODAY'S SEA
STARS.
THESE WERE COMMON IN THE
SUBTROPICAL SEA THAT
COVERED THIS PART OF THE
PLANET AROUND 300 TO 500
MILLION YEARS AGO.
(ROB)
YEP.
CLEAR.
(JONAS)
AND EVEN IF IT FEELS
LIKE WE'VE SEEN A LOT ON
THIS VISIT,
IT'S ONLY A SMALL PART
OF THE MORE THAN 17
MILES OF TUNNELS THAT
HAVE BEEN EXPLORED SO
FAR.
I JUST WANT TO REMIND
NE WHAT WE'RE
ACTUALLY STANDING ON
HERE.
CHECK THIS OUT.
17 MILES OF TUNNELS
UNDER THIS.
(♪ )
(JORDAN)
HAVING SEEN THIS SPRING
RESURGENCE AND KNOWING
WHAT IT IS LIKE INSIDE
THIS CAVE.
HOW VAST,
HOW BEAUTIFUL THE
FORMATIONS.
WHENEVER I SEE ANOTHER
SPRING,
I HAVE THE SAME THOUGHTS
AND VISUAL EMOTIONS THAT
COME AND JUST FLOOD ME
WITH WHAT IS THAT
CAVE SYSTEM LIKE?
THERE ARE A LOT OF CAVES
SPRING RESURGENCES IN
THE AREA,
SOME OF THEM WITH HIGHER
FLOW RATES OF WATER THAT
ARE EXITING OUT AND THAT
ONLY LEADS YOU TO
BELIEVE THAT THE CAVE
SYSTEM IS EVEN LARGER
THAN THIS CAVE SYSTEM
AND THIS ONE IS ALREADY
AT 17.2 MILES SO FAR.
(JONAS)
THE INTERACTIONS
BETWEEN THE UNIQUE
GEOLOGY AND WATER HAVE
UNDOUBTEDLY GIVEN RISE
TO MANY HIDDEN MYSTERIES
IN THE DRIFTLESS REGION
AND THERE ARE LIKELY
MANY MORE THAT ARE YET
TO BE DISCOVERED.
WHAT IS EVEN MORE
INTERESTING IS HOW THIS
SUBTERRANEAN NETWORK OF
CRACKS AND TUNNELS
CONTINUES TO SHAPE THE
REGION ALSO ON THE
OUTSIDE.
AS IT TAKES SEVERAL
YEARS FOR THE WATER TO
FILTER THROUGH THE
SEDIMENTARY ROCK,
THE TEMPERATURE OF THE
SPRINGS THAT EVENTUALLY
EXIT THE BLUFFS STAY
COOL ALL YEAR-ROUND.
AND HAS GIVEN RISE TO
RICH AND DIVERSE
ABUNDANCE OF WILDLIFE.
ONE EXAMPLE IS THE
NATIVE BROOK TROUT WHICH
IS A SPECIES THAT
DEPENDS ON COLD AND
CLEAN WATER TO SURVIVE
AND THIS IS AN AREA
WHERE THEY THRIVE.
THE DRIFTLESS IS TODAY
ONE OF THE BEST TROUT
FISHING DESTINATIONS IN
THE COUNTRY AND IT HAS
THE HIGHEST DENSITY OF
COLDWATER STREAMS IN THE
WORLD.
THE SPRINGS AND RAIN
WATER GROWS INTO STREAMS
AND EVENTUALLY LARGE
RIVERS AND JUST LIKE
UNDERGROUND AS THE WATER
MOVES OVER THE LANDSCAPE
IT SLOWLY EATS ITS WAY
INTO THE LOOSE
SEDIMENTARY ROCK LAYERS.
IT IS THIS PROCESS THAT
OVER A FEW MILLION YEARS
HAS CREATED THE
DRIFTLESS AND THE BLUFFS
AS WE SEE THEM TODAY.
(DYLAN)
WHEN YOU'RE LOOKING AT
A MOUNTAIN IS USUALLY AN
UPLIFT EVENT THAT FORCED
THE THE LANDSCAPE
UPWARDS.
HERE,
WE HAD SEVERAL EROSION
EVENTS THAT CARVE THE
RIVER CHANNEL WITHIN THE
SURROUNDING LANDSCAPE SO
WE HAVE WHAT WE CALL
INVERSE TOPOGRAPHY.
(JONAS)
THIS IS THE EXPLANATION
TO WHY ALL THE BLUFFS
ARE THE EXACT SAME
HEIGHT.
(ROB)
THE BLUFFS LOOK TOTALLY
ERENT FROM HERE.
THEY'RE ALL ABOUT THE
SAME HEIGHT.
(JONAS)
S
IS SIMPLY THE BASELINE
WHERE EVERYTHING WAS AT
SOME POINT AND ANYTHING
BELOW IS WHAT HAS BEEN
CARVED OUT AND REMOVED
THROUGH EROSION.
(DYLAN)
BY THAT PROCESS OF
DISSOLVING
MATERIALS AND PHYSICALLY
ERODING PICKING OUT
MATERIALS AND
TRANSPORTING THAT,
YOU ULTIMATELY GO FROM
HAVING THIS RELATIVELY
FLAT SEDIMENTARY ROCK TO
HAVING A LANDSCAPE THAT
HAS BEEN CARVED UP AND
HAS THIS DENDRITIC
PATTERN OF STREAMS THAT
ARE FOUND ALL ACROSS IT.
(JONAS)
THIS SO-CALLED STREAM
DISSECTED LANDSCAPE IS
WHAT STANDS OUT FROM
SURROUNDING AREAS WHERE
GLACIERS WIPED THE SLATE
CLEAN.
BUT IN SOME RARE PLACES
IT IS NOT THE WATER THAT
COMES OUT OF THE BLUFFS
THAT CREATES A UNIQUE
ECOSYSTEM,
INSTEAD IT'S THE AIR.
GEORGE AND TIM ARE
TAKING US TO A SPOT IN
THE FOREST THAT QUITE
HONESTLY IS A BEAST TO
FIND.
(ROB)
NOW ON THE WAY TO HIKE.
INTO THE WOODS!
(GEORGE)
I WAS GONNA GO THIS WAY
TODAY BUT THIS IS A
JUNGLE SO LET'S HEAD UP
THE BLUFF.
(JONAS)
WE'RE LOOKING FOR A
STRANGE AND RARE HABITAT
CALLED ALGIFIC TALUS
SLOPE.
(ROB)
DID YOU FIND IT?
(JONAS)
HELLO?
(ROB)
HE SAID HE FOUND IT!
TIM FOUND IT!
FINALLY FOUND IT.
THIS IS THE ALGIFIC
TALUS SLOPES.
(GEORGE)
WE WANT TO BE CAREFUL
NOT TO WALK OVER HERE
BECAUSE THIS IS A VERY
FRAGILE GEOLOGY.
THERE'S ALL THIS
FRACTURED ROCK UNDER
HERE THAT THE COLD AIR
MOVES THROUGH THE BLUFF
IS ACTUALLY BREATHING
HERE.
THERE'S AIR BEING TAKEN
IN A VENT PROBABLY 200
FEET UPHILL.
BUT THERE ARE PLACES IN
THIS BLUFF WHERE THERE'S
ICE FROM LAST WINTER.
(JONAS)
LET'S TRY AND EXPLAIN
THIS.
ALGIFIC MEANS COLD
PRODUCING AN TALUS IS A
WORD FOR THE BROKEN ROCK
FRAGMENTS THAT MAKE UP
THE UPPER LAYER OF THIS
SOIL.
INSIDE OF THESE BLUFFS
IT CAN GET VERY COLD.
WATER THAT FLOWS THROUGH
LIMESTONE IN THE
WINTER FREEZES AND CAN
FORM ICE CAVES THAT MAY
STAY FROZEN ALL YEAR
ROUND.
AIR GETS COOLED DOWN BY
THIS FROZEN UNDERGROUND
WORLD AND GETS DIVERTED
OUT OF THE BLUFF THROUGH
VENTS IN THE LIMESTONE.
THIS IN TURN GENERATES A
PRESSURE GRADIENT THAT
STARTS WITH AIR BEING
SUCKED IN THROUGH THE
VENTS ON TOP OF THE
BLUFF DOWN TO THE ICE
CAVES WHERE IT GETS
COOLED DOWN AND THEN
PUSHED OUT THROUGH THE
TALUS SLOPE VENTS.
YEAH THIS IS KIND OF
FEELS LIKE.
IF I WAS TO SIT DOWN
HERE.
RIGHT HERE.
IT'S LIKE I'M GETTING
HIT WITH AN AIR
CONDITIONER.
IT IS SUCH AN INCREDIBLY
DISTINCT TEMPERATURE
DIFFERENCE.
JUST FROM STANDING UP TO
SITTING DOWN.
(GEORGE)
SO I HAVE A
THERMOMETER.
I PUT IN THE SLOPE HERE
A LITTLE WHILE AGO AND
LET'S CHECK IT.
OH MY GOD.
IT'S BELOW FREEZING.
THIS THERMOMETER IS AT
25 DEGREES.
YES.
COME AND LOOK JONAS.
THERE.
32 DEGREES AND IT'S DOWN
AT LIKE 24.
OKAY AND IT'S RISING
FAST AS I BRING IT OUT.
NOW IT'S GOING BACK UP
TO FREEZING.
BUT IT WAS IT WAS ALMOST
DOWN TO 20 WHEN I HAD IT
DOWN HERE IN THE VENT.
(JONAS)
2O FAHRENHEIGHT,
- 5.
CENTIGRADE FOR US
EUROPEANS.
ALGIFIC TALUS LOPES ONLY
EXISTS HERE IN THE
DRIFTLESS REGION AND ONE
OTHER PLACE IN WEST
VIRGINIA.
IT IS HARD TO THINK THAT
ANY PLANTS WOULD THRIVE
UNDER THESE CONDITIONS.
BUT THERE ARE SOME
EXCEPTIONS.
LIKE THE BEAUTIFUL
NORTHERN MONKSHOOD.
THIS RARE FLOWER HAS
ADAPTED TO LIVE IN THE
COLD AND FRAGILE SOILS
OF THESE ALGIFIC TALUS
SLOPES.
IN ADDITION TO THE RARE
PLANTS THEY'RE ALSO A
WHOLE COLLECTION OF RARE
SNAILS FOUND ONLY HERE.
PLEISTOCENE RELICS SO TO
SPEAK.
BOTH THE PLEISTOCENE
SNAILS AND NORTHERN
MONKSHOOD ARE LISTED AS
FEDERALLY ENDANGERED.
THE CASUAL OBSERVER
THOUGH MIGHT NOT REALIZE
HOW RARE THEY ARE BUT
WE'RE BASICALLY SEEING
ICE AGE HOLDOVERS.
(TIM)
YOU COME HERE YOU CAN
SEE THE PLANTS,
THE NORTHERN MONKSHOOD,
AND OTHER PLANTS
ACTUALLY QUIVERING
BECAUSE THIS COLD AIR IS
IS POURING OUT OF THE
SIDE OF THE HILL THROUGH
THESE VENTS.
AND SO THE LEAVES ARE
JUST QUIVERING AWAY.
IT'S REALLY WILD.
(JONAS)
I THINK IF I WAS TO
JUST WALK THROUGH THIS
FOREST NOT KNOWING
ANYTHING ABOUT THIS I
PROBABLY WOULDN'T HAVE
YOU KNOW PAID TOO MUCH
ATTENTION TO IT EXCEPT
FOR THESE
BEAUTIFUL,PURPLE
FLOWERS.
I WOULD NOT HAVE
REALIZED HOW RARE THEY
ARE.
I WOULD NOT HAVE
REALIZED HOW SENSITIVE
THIS WHOLE AREA IS BUT
IT IS KNOWING A LITTLE
BIT ABOUT THIS MAKES IT
IT MAKES IT REALLY
SPECIAL TO GET HERE.
(GEORGE)
SO THIS ALGIFIC TALUS
IS YET ANOTHER
EXAMPLE OF HOW THE
UNIQUE GEOLOGY HERE IN
THE DRIFTLESS REGION
CREATES THESE NATURAL
COMMUNITIES THAT ARE
INCREDIBLY RARE.
IF WE DIDN'T HAVE THE
SEDIMENTARY ROCK LAYERS
IN THE SEQUENCE THEY ARE
AND IF WE DIDN'T HAVE
TWO MILLION YEARS OF
STREAMS CUTTING DOWN
THROUGH THIS ROCK TO
CREATE A VALLEY AND THEN
THE GLACIERS MISSING ALL
THIS TO LEAVE IT HERE,
WE WOULDN'T HAVE ALGIFIC
TALUS SLOPES.
WITH THE BLUFFS ACTUALLY
BREATHING AIR IN THE
MIDDLE OF SUMMER JUST A
LITTLE OVER 20 DEGREES
FAHRENHEIT.
(JONAS)
AS MUCH AS THESE
HABITATS ARE UNIQUE
BECAUSE THEY'RE COLD.
THE OPPOSITE ALSO
EXISTS.
WE REMEMBERED A STRANGE
OBSERVATION WE MADE FROM
THE AIRPLANE.
ON SEVERAL OF THE STEEP
BLUFF SLOPES THERE WERE
EXPOSED PATCHES OF WHAT
LOOKED LIKE CLEAR-CUT
FORESTS.
BUT CONTRARY TO THE
HIDDEN ALGIFIC TALUS
SLOPES,
THIS AREA SEEMED TO BAKE
IN SUNLIGHT.
SO WE TOOK TO THE GROUND
WITH LOCAL EXPERTS
SCOTTY LEDDY AND
KAITLYN O'CONNOR.
IT TURNS OUT THESE CLEAR
PATCHES ARE ACTUALLY NOT
CLEARED AT ALL.
INSTEAD THEY'RE ANOTHER
NATURAL YET SOMEWHAT ODD
HABITAT.
THE BLUFF PRAIRIES AND
KNOWN BY MANY LOCALS AS
GOAT PRAIRIES.
SIMILAR TO THE ALGIFIC
TALUS SLOPES,
THEY'RE ALSO HOME TO
SOME VERY INTERESTING
WILDLIFE.
(KAITLYN)
OFTENTIMES WHEN YOU'RE
JUST DRIVING THROUGH THE
DRIFTLESS AND YOU LOOK
AT THE BLUFF LAND
REGIONS GOAT PRAIRIES
KIND OF LOOK LIKE BALD
SPOTS IN AN OTHERWISE
FORESTED HABITAT.
BUT THESE BALD SPOTS ARE
VERY ECOLOGICALLY
UNIQUE.
THERE'S A COUPLE OF
CHARACTERISTICS THAT
DEFINE THE GOAT PRAIRIES
AND THE MOST IMPORTANT
ONE BEING THE ASPECT OR
THE DIRECTION THAT THESE
PRAIRIES FACE.
SO YOU'RE ONLY GOING TO
FIND GOAT PRAIRIES ON
SOUTHERN AND WESTERN
SLOPES ON THE BLUFFS.
THE SECOND
CHARACTERISTIC IS REALLY
SHALLOW ROCKY SOILS.
IN THE SUMMERTIME THE
SUN BEATS DOWN AND IT
MAKES IT VERY HOT AND
VERY DRY.
SIMILARLY IN THE
WINTERTIME THE SUN IS
GOING TO BEAT DOWN AND
IT MELTS THE SNOW OFF OF
THESE STEEP SLOPES AND
IT MAKES THIS AREA
EXPOSED TO THE VERY
HARSH WINTER CONDITIONS
THAT WE HAVE UP IN THE
DRIFTLESS REGION.
SO ANYTHING THAT THRIVES
HERE IS IS A REALLY
TOUGH COOKIE.
THEY'RE ADAPTED TO VERY
HARSH CONDITIONS.
(JONAS)
FF PRAIRIES HOME TO
HUNDREDS OF SPECIES OF
PLANTS,
THIS HOT AND DRY HABITAT
IS ALSO PERFECT FOR SOME
OTHER RARE SPECIES.
MOST PEOPLE WOULD NOT
ASSOCIATE RATTLESNAKES
WITH MINNESOTA BUT EVEN
IF THEY ARE HARD TO FIND
THE STEEP BLUFFS ARE IN
FACT HOME TO A
POPULATION OF TIMBER
RATTLESNAKES.
THIS IS OBVIOUSLY A
GREAT SIGN THAT THEY ARE
HERE.
SO LET'S SEE IF WE CAN
ACTUALLY FIND A LIVE
ONE.
I'M GONNA PUT THIS ONE
BACK WHERE I FOUND IT.
BUT AS THEY ARE VERY
WELL CAMOUFLAGED FINDING
ONE REQUIRES SOME WORK.
AND AS THE SUN STARTED
TO HEAT UP THE ROCKS WE
GOT LUCKY.
THERE'S ONE IN THAT
BUSH.
THERE'S A SECOND ONE.
IT RATTLED AT ME.
AND IT'S RIGHT NOW,
OUT THERE.
TIMBER RATTLESNAKES ARE
RALLY FOUND MUCH
FURTHER SOUTH BUT
BECAUSE OF THE UNIQUE
HABITAT THIS SOMEWHAT
ISOLATED POPULATION
STILL REMAINS UP HERE.
TIMBER RATTLESNAKES ARE
ACTUALLY QUITE DOCILE
AND NOT AGGRESSIVE AT
UNFORTUNATELY THEIR
NUMBERS HAVE DECLINED A
LOT MOSTLY DUE TO
HABITAT LOSS AND THE
GENERAL PUBLIC FEARING
THESE ACTUALLY GENTLE
SNAKES.
IN THE EARLY 1900'S THIS
LED TO A BOUNTY ON
TIMBER RATTLESNAKES IN
MINNESOTA AND WISCONSIN.
A BOUNTY THAT HAS NOW
FORTUNATELY BEEN
REPEALED.
NOW WORK IS FOCUSED ON
ING THE PRAIRIES
SUCH AS THROUGH THE
REMOVAL OF INVASIVE
SPECIES AND RESTORING
FIRES TO THIS HABITAT.
THIS PROVIDES IDEAL
PLACES FOR BIRDS LIKE
THE MEADOWLARKS,
BOBOLINKS,
AND HENSLOW SPARROW.
IN ADDITION TO THE
AMAZING FLOWERS AND RARE
REPTILES,
ANOTHER INTERESTING
REPTILE THAT LIVES UP
HERE IS THE SIX-LINED
PRAIRIE RACE RUNNER.
AFTER GETTING HEATED UP
THEY'RE EXTREMELY FAST
AND VERY SHY.
THE SLIGHTEST MOVEMENT
AND THEY'RE GONE.
LUCKILY WE
MANAGED TO FIND A COUPLE
HAD OTHER THINGS ON
THEIR MIND THAN WORRYING
ABOUT US.
A RARE THING TO WITNESS
FOR SURE.
AS ALL REPTILES THESE
SNAKES AND LIZARDS NEED
HEAT FROM THE
SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT
TO KEEP THEM ACTIVE.
TO SURVIVE WINTERS,
THEY LOCATE ROCK
CREVICES OR BURROWS
BELOW THE FROST LINE AND
GO INTO A STATE OF
HIBERNATION.
TO CONSERVE HEAT EVEN
MORE,
SEVERAL SNAKES EVEN
DIFFERENT SPECIES OFTEN
SHARE WINTER DENS,
LIKE THIS MOLTING
BULLSNAKE.
AS THE WEATHER WARMS UP
IN SPRING AND PROVIDES
ENOUGH HEAT THE REPTILES
EMERGE FROM THEIR LONG
WINTER SLEEP.
BECAUSE OF THE LONG
WINTERS UP HERE AND THE
ABUNDANCE OF NATURAL
DENS BENEATH THE GROUND,
THE HABITAT THAT IS
FAVORED BEFORE ALL
OTHERS BY THESE REPTILES
ARE THE HEATED
SOUTH-FACING HILLSIDES
OF THE BLUFF PRAIRIES.
(SCOTT)
YOU KNOW IT'S ALL ABOUT
HABITAT.
DON'T HAVE IT AND YOU'VE
GOT NOTHING.
IT'S ALL ABOUT PLACES
HIS.
(JONAS)
FOR US IT IS ANOTHER
EXAMPLE OF HOW THESE
BLUFFS PROVIDE UNIQUE
OPPORTUNITIES FOR LIFE
THIS FAR NORTH THAT
OTHERWISE WOULD NOT HAVE
BEEN POSSIBLE.
(ERIC)
WITH THE CYCLES OF
HAT CAME AND
WENT,
WE'RE ACTUALLY SEEING
FEATURES THAT HAVE
WITHSTOOD THOSE ICE
AGES.
WE'RE SEEING EXAMPLES OF
PLACES WHERE THERE'S
WHAT WE CALL REFUGIA,
WHERE THEY'RE SPECIES
THAT LIVED HERE DURING
THE COLDER CLIMATE AND
THEY'VE ACTUALLY HUNG ON
HERE IN LITTLE POCKETS
BECAUSE IT IS AN OLD
LANDSCAPE AND BECAUSE IT
WASN'T OVERRUN BY ICE.
(JONAS)
BUT TO CLAIM THAT WE
NOW FIGURING
THIS OUT AND HOW SPECIAL
THIS AREA IS COULDN'T BE
MORE WRONG.
THE TRUTH IS THAT THESE
BLUFFS WERE THE CAVES
AND THE CAVERNS,
GREEN VALLEYS,
AND COOL FRESHWATER
STREAMS HAD BEEN SACRED
PLACES FOR HUMANS AND
WILDLIFE ALIKE FOR A
VERY LONG TIME.
ROCK PAINTINGS HAVE BEEN
FOUND IN CAVES DEEP
UNDERGROUND AND ROCK
SHELTERS BY THE SOFT
SEDIMENT BLUFFS DISPLAY
ROCK CARVINGS THOUSANDS
OF YEARS OLD.
(WILLIAM)
IF YOU LOOK AT THE
UNDERSIDE OF A HAWK OR
AN EAGLE OR OTHER BIRDS
OF PREY- IF YOU'VE EVER
SEEN THE WAY THAT THEY
FAN OUT- PERHAPS THAT'S
WHAT YOU HAVE HERE.
AS FOR THE ROCK ART,
SPECTACULAR ROCK ART.
WE HAVE BOTH ROCK ART
THAT'S BEEN DONE WITH
PIGMENTS AS WELL AS ROCK
ART THAT'S INCISED INTO
THE ROCK ITSELF.
SO WE HAVE DIFFERENT
WAYS WE HAVE THESE VERY
ELABORATE COMPOSITIONS.
SOME OF WHICH CAN BE
LINKED UP TO HO CHUNK
ORAL TRADITIONS FOR
EXAMPLE.
AND SO THE OVERALL
CONTEXT OR PACKAGE IS
SOMETHING THAT'S
ABSOLUTELY UNIQUE
ANYWHERE.
(JONAS)
THE HO CHUNK WERE ONE
EARLIER
INHABITANTS OF THE AREA
AND ONE OF SEVERAL
NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES
THAT RESIDED HERE.
THE BLUFFS OF THE
DRIFTLESS MADE FOR GREAT
NATURAL ROCK SHELTERS,
PROTECTING THE EARLY
INHABITANTS FROM THE
FORCES OF NATURE.
THEIR IMPORTANCE IS
DISPLAYED BY THE
DIVERSITY AND NUMBER OF
ROCK ART FOUND ACROSS
THE REGION.
THE SEDIMENTARY
SANDSTONE WAS EASY TO
CARVE,
YET STRONG ENOUGH TO
PRESERVE THE ARTWORK
GIVING US A GLIMPSE INTO
THE CULTURAL HISTORY OF
AREA.
BUT THE MOST IMPRESSIVE
AND MYSTERIOUS REMAINS
OF EARLY HUMANS MAY
STILL BE THE SEVERAL
HUNDREDS OF SO-CALLED
EFFIGY MOUNDS FOUND ALL
THROUGHOUT THE DRIFTLESS
REGION.
FROM ILLINOIS TO
MINNESOTA.
>> Hi. Hi, I'm
JamesSteinbach. I'm
a volunteerhere at PBS Wisconsin, andTim
is here with me . Youremember from the
last timearound. And we also hav ethis
. We have this? Yeah ,we have this. You
have this.I don't have this. Talkabout
this.>> Well, we were thrilledthat
.>> Well, first of all, whatis it
?>> Well, it's a regionalEmmy Award.
Okay, there.>> We go. And we were
thrilled that Decoding the Driftless won a regional
Emmy Award. So, you know,people must have
liked thefilm. So that's that's verygratifying
as a filmmaker ,when people like
the filmand you get awards. Sowe've
had the film in a lotof different
film festivals.It's been on
PBS and we've.>> And you said in
the lastconversation, 40 over 40
stations. states, over 40
states. lot of stations.>>
It's been broadcastliterally hundreds of times
around the country . Yeah,and
not just in Wisconsin.Do
they use it to raisemoney even?
I think I heard in New York State
they wereusing Decoding theDriftless as part
of a PBS pledge drive.
f raisingmoney , this is a
challengebreak. Where where
donorsto PBS Wisconsin have
setaside a pot of money tomatch
your contribution,dollar for dollar. So
ifyou felt like contributing$100,
that becomes $200 toPBS Wisconsin
. This is thetime
to make your pledge bycalling
1-800-236-3636. >> Hi,
I'm Natalie, a staff
member here at PBSWisconsin.
Not all of uscan
venture into thesecaves or
go out on theledge like
what we see inthis, in
this documentary. So for me
, I'm very glad that this can be
broughtinto my home . And I don'thave
t o do it myself
. I canjust sit back and watch it
all. And this is what we'redoing. We're
bringing itinto your home tonigh t. And
as a special thank you, we
have some gifts that wewould like
to send to you .So if you
would be willingto give a gift of
$12 amonth , we will be
sendingyou either a DVD or Blu rayof
Decoding the Driftless ,or we have
this wonderful Driftless Regions
readerbook, which is
chock fullof experts from Mark
Twain, from
Patty Lowe.
Just abunch of really amazing
authors, and also with
yourgenerous gift of
$25 amonth, you will receive thebook
, the DVD Blu ray, thiswonderful
green PBSWisconsin
hat that you can wear while you're hiking
Driftless Region , andalso a map
of the Driftless Region to guide
you on yourway . Thank you so
much.Please call 1-800-236-3636.
>> Hi, I'm Eric
Greiling.I'm director of friends of
PBS Wisconsin, and one ofthe
best ways you can become a member today
.Right now, during thischallenge break
, takeadvantage of this challengebreak.
We challenge you. Wewant
to get to 25 callsduring this break. And it's
a great time to call
because your dollars will go even further. And
one ofthe best ways to becomethat new member he
re is tobe a sustainer
. Being asustainer is easier for you
.It's easy on your budget.It's simply a
monthly, ongoing gift that's
easilydeducted from your checkingaccount
or from your creditcard. It's
great for usbecause it allows us to
plan ahead. If you'realready a sustainer
, thisis a great time for you to
increase that gift. $2 amonth,
$5 a month, $10 amonth,
whatever you cangive . Now. Take advantage
of the challenge break bygiving
us a call going online using that
QR code.Do call
1-800-236-3636. >> So
I neglected to saythat Tim
Tim Jacobsen isone of
the producers of this film, which
is to me, producers are
underrated. Iwas a producer for a
longtime, so I can say thatit's
really important. It'sa really critical job.They're
the folks who are responsible for making sure
the idea, the concept really comes together
. Theydon't do all the work. They
have people who do the work,but it's
very importantwhat they do.>> We didn't
really havepeople .>> Well, you
had a coupleof folks.>> We had
a few folks.>> Now, one of the
thingsthat's fascinating about this film is and
I wouldnever do this being
underground, not something m
going to do when youstart talking about
, no,I'm not doing that. But howwas
that?>> Well , I got to go
into anumber of caves for
makingDecoding the Driftless , andeach
one was very different .And there were
some timeswhen it was rather scary
.There was one of the caveshad
a very narrow passage .They called the
birth canalfor good reason. It
was youhad to wiggle your bodythrough
it. And I had alittle
bit ofclaustrophobia doing
that.>> I remember that I wouldhave
had more than a littlebit. I would
have not haveeven gone into that cave
. Iknow enough, and I'm notdoing that
. But you didcall us. He had a
challenge.Call us during thischallenge. Break one (800)2
36. Excuse me.
3636. >> At
PBS Wisconsin, weexplore and
celebrate our state, and this
documentarytells one of the oldeststories our state
has totell . And we are
sothrilled to bring it intoyour homes
tonight. And as a special gift, we
havesome gifts for you. A $12
amonth donation will give
you either a we will giveyou
either a DVD or awonderful reader
book. AndI have to say,
thisDriftless Reader book ischock full of experts from
famous authors that we allknow and
love, like Mark Twain, Patti Low
, and manyothers . And a gift
of $25 amonth,
which is very generous. Generous.
Youwill not only receive the
DVD, you will receive the ok
. You will. You willalso receive
this wonderful PBS Wisconsin
hat. That isone of my favorite colors
in the whole world . I thinkit looks
really good. And also you will receive
thisprint of the DriftlessRegion
. So if you are outthere, you
can refer to it anytime you want to
or hangit in your on your wall
andgo, this is such abeautiful part
of our state.Thank you so much.
Thankyou so much . And pleasecall
1-800-236-3636. >> It's
great to hear thephones
ringing during this challenge break when you
can make your gift go evenfurther. We've
got all thegreat ways to say thank
youwhen you do that, Nataliedescribed
. We also have atall of those
levels asubscription to ourairwaves
magazine, so youcan see the
schedule. Andone of the other ben efitsof
being a member of PBSWisconsin
is Passport, an
even deeper catalog ofadditional
programs. Localprograms
like this one , ornational
programs, international programs.
s take a look atPassport
. >> We're watching
PBSWisconsin because you lovewhat you
find here. From dramas and
documentaries totravel and journalism,
whatcould be better ? How about
even more shows you love
when you want to watch them
?Wherever you stream TV,look
for PBS. You'll findus
anywhere. You select your streaming services
,and we have free on
demandshows for you to enjoyanytime.
Plus, when you support PBS Wisconsin
, yourmember benefits can open
upeven more to explore
with PBS Passport.
It includesmore than 1200 titles
withnew favorites from PBS and
beyond, even dramas from
around the world. You ain't seen nothing
yet. investment makesPBS Wisconsin p
ossible foryou,
your family, and yourcommunity
, so join with agift at any
of the levelswe're suggesting, and then
join an even moreadventures with
PBSPassport. >> This
this film. One ofthe other things
I love alot about this film, but
one of the things I loveabout it
is that you take us literally from
d to what we can
see to above in the air andyour
pilot, and we showthat in the
film. So what's the difference for
you?What's the discovery whenyou're
from thatperspective to what you
seewhen you're just me
walkingaround? Because I'm notgoing to be
i n the cave
?>> Well, flying over the
Driftless Region is reallyspectacular. I mean
, it'sjust such a beautifullandscape.
It's so rugged .And that
aerial view isjust
you just can't beatthat. But
it's more thanjust the beauty that you
get from the airplane. You really do
get a different sense of the
ecology of t
heregion. It
it kind of shrinks distances, you
know,when you can look out yourone
side of the plane andsee a place
like RichlandCenter and look out the
other side of the plane andmaybe
see over towardPrairie du Chien, and
yousee that these placesaren't so
far apart, andyou can see the different
habitats, the different terrains, and you
understand the connectedness of the
landscape. It's reallyhelpful and
valuable.>> And you know, that
loveof this comes through inthe film
. Sometimes people make films that are
, Idon't want to say cold anddistant
, but this film is not. You are right
in itwith people , and you cantell
that you guys really care about the subject
,about the place. In addition to this film
. It'sa beautiful film and andit's
a challenge. So call us at
1-800-236-3636. >> Hi.
I know you're reallyexcited to get
back to thedocumentary , but before wedo
, let's review the giftsjust one more
time. A gift of
$12 a month, you willreceive this
DVD Decoding the Driftless.
It's alsoavailable on Blu ray.
Youwill also for a gift of
$12a month, you will receive
abook of Driftless Reader
and this reader. I've been
looking through it on thebrakes, and it
is justchock full of amazingexperts
from many, manywell-known
authors. That isjust an
enjoyable read to have a
gift of $25 a
month,you will receive the book
,the DVD Blu ray.
You willalso be able to enjoy
anice PBS cap
as you're hiking through the
Area and enjoying yourself. Keep the
sun outof your eyes for sure
, andalso with
the gift of $25 a month, you will
receive theprint that is the DriftlessArea
. It shows all theareas
and all the counties like Grand County and
allthe counties that we knowand love
. So pleaseconsider a gift to
PBSWisconsin at
1-800-236-3636. >> It
is a challenge break.
We're just about halfwaytoward our goal. Please
give us a call now
, becausewhen you join now,
yourdollars will go twice as
far. Why? Because of the
generosity of fellow
members. Members like
Meg and Richard
LaBrie, who made a very
special gift.They made a gift
tochallenge you, to inviteyou
to join them as membersof
PBS Wisconsin, because they know this
service isvaluable and they know that
it depends upon supportfrom
viewers like you,viewers like
us. So please make that gift now
. Join usas a member. Join at one
ofthe levels that Nataliedescribed and
we'd love tosay thank you. This book
ison my shelf . It's afantastic book
. Like thisfilm. Whether or not you'revery
familiar with theDriftless or justdiscovering
it for thefirst time, you'll find
things in here that arerich, rewarding
, and it's a page turner.
So please do take advantage of this
challenge break. Give us acall
1-800-236-3636. >> The
t he the DVD
you werejust saying
has more thanis in the
you cheated us in the program, right? Because
you had to get to time. Iknow
, I know you had morestuff. More good
stuff. Soin the DVD there'sadditional material
.>> We have bonus videos onthe DVD
.>> That's what I meant tosay.
Bonus material. So we have a beautiful video
about Tundra Swans. So wehave, you
know, thisamazing Mississippi Flyway.
And we, we feature that
showcase that in that video.
We have a places of theDriftless
video. So if you
watch the movie and you'relike,
where is that? I wantto
go there. We have avideo that
tells you whatto do and where to
go. Andso there's this wonderful
bonus content. We've gotthis great music
video, anoriginal song that
thatends the movie . We have a
full music video on the DVD,
so if people donate, they
get a DVD . They get to
seea lot more than whatthey're
seeing ontelevision tonight .>> So all these
reasons,the most important reason
is to make sure thatprograms like this
, ofcourse, nothing like this,but programs
of thisquality keep coming to you
at home. That's what
PBSWisconsin does . Thischallenge break
is stillgoing. And if you call,
even when we're not speaking, it'll apply
tothe challenge. So call us
at 1-800-236-3636. Makeyour
pledge of support for this beautiful
program and all the programs that
wehave on PBS Wisconsin. Youcan
count on us because wecount on you
. So thank you
.>> Thank you .
WE ARE STANDING ON SACRED GROUND.
THIS IS INDISPUTABLE TO ME.
AND IF YOU STAND AT THE HEAD OF THE BIRD MOUND
ON THE FIRST DAY OF SPRING,
THE VERNAL EQUINOX, AND LOOK TO THE EAST AT
SUNRISE, THERE'S A SMALL NOTCH IN
THE FAR RIDGE AND THAT'S WHERE THE SUN RISES.
AND IT LOOKS LIKE THIS BIRD IS GIVING BIRTH TO
THE SUN. IT'S AN ABSOLUTELY
INCREDIBLE SIGHT. BUT IF YOU CAN IMAGINE A
THOUSAND YEARS AGO IF YOU WERE ON THIS SITE,
THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN MANY FEWER TREES AND
THERE WOULD HAVE LITERALLY BEEN HUNDREDS
OF MOUNDS VISIBLE. YOU WOULD HAVE PROBABLY
SEEN A LARGE CENTRAL VILLAGE SITE,
PERHAPS SOME SATELLITE VILLAGE SITES.
SMOKE RISING FROM CAMPFIRES AND THE HUMAN
ACTIVITIES GOING ON THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN PART OF
DAILY LIFE. AND IT WOULD HAVE BEEN
QUITE AN INCREDIBLE SIGHT TO SEE.
(STEVE) WE KNOW THE EARLIEST
PEOPLE IN THIS AREA CAME TO THIS RESOURCE-RICH
PART OF THE WORLD. SO THIS WAS A HABITATION
SITE FOR THE EARLIEST AMERICANS.
THINK ABOUT HOW YOU WOULD MOVE ABOUT THE
LANDSCAPE WITHOUT VEHICLES OR HORSES OR
ANY OTHER WAY TO GET AROUND.
YOU'D BE USING THE CORRIDORS OF THE WATER.
BEING NOMADIC, THEY'RE LOOKING FOR WAYS
THAT THEY CAN GET TO PLACES WHERE THERE'S
RICH GAME AND RICH LAND IN THE FALL.
AND PROTECTED AREAS IN THE WINTER.
SO A LOT OF THESE RUGGED BLUFFLANDS AND DRIFTLESS
AREA PROVIDED BOTH OF THOSE THINGS IN CLOSE
PROXIMITY. (JONAS)
THE MOUND BUILDING CULTURES LIVED AROUND A
THOUSAND YEARS AGO. THE PURPOSE AND SHAPE OF
THE MOUNDS VARIED. SOME WERE BUILT AS
BURIAL MOUNDS AND OTHERS WERE MADE FOR DIFFERENT
CEREMONIAL AND SPIRITUAL PURPOSES.
USING LIDAR TECHNOLOGY A TECHNIQUE OF SCANNING
THE GROUND WITH LASER WE NOW KNOW THAT THERE ARE
MANY MORE EFFIGY MOUNDS THAN ANYONE EVER KNEW.
IN FACT THERE ARE MORE OF THEM HERE THAN
ANYWHERE ELSE IN THE WORLD.
AND BECAUSE OF THAT THE EFFIGY MOUNDS NATIONAL
MONUMENT WAS ESTABLISHED HERE IN 1949.
(MARK) YOU HAVE TO RECOGNIZE
THAT THE BUILDING MOUNDS IS NOT AN EASY TASK.
YOU HAVE BUFFALO SCAPULA HOES AND REED BASKETS
AND IT TAKES A LOT OF CALORIES AND ENERGY TO
BUILD A MOUND. SO YOU HAVE TO HAVE A
CHARISMATIC ENOUGH LEADER THAT SAYS WE'RE
GONNA BUILD A MOUND TODAY AND THEN YOU HAVE
TO HAVE THE BUY-IN FROM THE PUBLIC,
OR YOUR PEOPLE. OK WE'LL BUILD A
MOUND. (ROB)
WERE THEY TAKING THAT DIRT FROM HERE AND JUST
PUTTING IT THERE OR WERE THEY BRINGING IT FROM
DOWN IN THE RIVER VALLEY?
(MARK) IN SOME CASES,
THEY WOULD ACTUALLY DIG SUBSURFACE INTO THE
SHAPE THEY WERE SEEKING TO IDENTIFY.
AND THEY WOULD LAYER SPECIAL SOILS IN SOME
CASES BROUGHT FROM SOME DISTANCES.
IN SOME CASES PERHAPS CLEAN SANDY SOILS FROM
SPRINGS. YOU KNOW YOU GIVE THAT
VERY SUGAR-SAND LOOK. AND IN SOME CASES,
THEY WOULD SCRAPE SOIL UP FROM AROUND THE
MOUNDS AND IN OTHER CASES THEY MAY INDEED
TOTE THEM WITH BASKETS FROM THE NEARBY WETLAND
OR WHEREVER. AND THEN THE ENGINEERING
ACUMEN TO SAY A THOUSAND YEARS AFTER THEY'VE BEEN
BUILT THEY'RE STILL HERE ON THE LANDSCAPE TELLING
US A STORY THAT WE WANT TO KNOW MORE ABOUT.
BUT THEY'RE STILL HERE AS PART OF THEIR
CULTURAL LANDSCAPE. AND THEN OF COURSE THE
KNOWLEDGE OF THE SKIES, THE SUN,
THE STARS, AND THE MOON,
TO HAVE ALIGNMENTS WHERE THOSE ALIGNMENTS DO
OCCUR. IT'S REALLY INCREDIBLE.
(ROB) THAT'S INCREDIBLE.
SHOWING THIS ALL TO ME. (JONAS)
THAT THE EFFIGY MOUNDS ARE OFTEN MADE IN SHAPES
OF SYMBOLIZED ANIMALS. WHY THERE'S SUCH A HIGH
CONCENTRATION OF THEM HERE IS STILL NOT FULLY
UNDERSTOOD, BUT MAYBE NOT SO
SURPRISING. THE COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY
AND VEGETATION CONTAIN A RANGE OF HABITATS THAT
IN TURN SUPPORT A RICH DIVERSITY OF LIFE.
BUT THE BIG QUESTION IS STILL HOW IT IS POSSIBLE
THAT THIS AREA GOT LEFT UNTOUCHED BY THE
GLACIERS, ALLOWING THIS COMPLEX
TOPOGRAPHY TO REMAIN WHEN EVERYTHING AROUND
IT GOT LEVELED. YEAH THIS IS THE PLACE.
THIS IS A NICE SPOT. (JONAS)
THIS IS DEVIL'S LAKE, ONE OF ONLY TWO LAKES IN
THE DRIFTLESS AND A BODY OF WATER CREATED BECAUSE
OF THE ADVANCING GLACIERS.
IT ALSO MARKS THE EASTERN EDGE OF THE
DRIFTLESS REGION. AND SO RIGHT HERE THIS
IS JUST A REALLY QUIRKY FORTUITOUS PLACE THAT
THE ICE CAME FAR ENOUGH, THAT IF YOU LOOK OFF
HERE, WE CAN SEE,
THE EDGE OF THE DRIFTLESS AREA THERE.
AND THEN IT EXTENDS BEHIND US TO THE WEST
ALL THE WAY DOWN TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND
BEYOND. (JONAS)
I THOUGHT ABOUT THIS SO TIMES.
THAT THE GLACIERS MISSED THIS PART OF NORTH
AMERICA. IT IS UNIQUE AND THERE'S
DIFFERENT EXPLANATIONS FOR WHY THE ICE STOPPED
IN DIFFERENT AREAS. OFF TO THE WEST THE ICE
WAS FLOWING DOWN OUT OF THE CANADIAN ROCKIES.
AND IT FLOWED TO DIFFERENT DISTANCES OVER
DIFFERENT ICE AGES. AND IT'S PARTLY A
FUNCTION OF HOW FAR THE ICE WAS ABLE TO FLOW
WITH THE SUPPLY OF ICE AND PARTLY IT WAS
PROBABLY STEERED BY THE WAY THE BEDROCK OUT
CROPS IN IN IOWA IN MINNESOTA.
IF YOU GO TO THE NORTH OF US THE ICE WAS TRYING
TO FLOW ACROSS THE LAKE SUPERIOR LOWLAND WHICH
IS A TREMENDOUSLY DEEP HOLE IN THE GROUND.
AND SO THAT WAS IN ITSELF JUST A NATURAL
IMPEDIMENT TO ICE COMING DOWN TOWARDS THE
DRIFTLESS AREA FROM THE NORTH.
AND THEN OFF TO THE EAST OF US THERE'S THE GREEN
BAY LOWLAND AND THE LAKE MICHIGAN LOWLAND WHICH
ARE TROUGHS THAT ARE ORIENTED NORTH-SOUTH AND
KIND OF STEERED THE ICE STRAIGHT TO THE SOUTH
OFF TO THE EAST OF US. AND IN ADDITION THE
BEDROCK IN CENTRAL WISCONSIN HAS BOWED UP
INTO AN ARCH THAT DEFLECTED THE ICE AROUND
THE DRIFTLESS AREA. AND FARTHER NORTH THE
HARD ROUGH CRYSTALLINE ROCK WAS A FURTHER
IMPEDIMENT TO STOPPING THE ICE FROM FLOWING ANY
FARTHER SOUTH. CORES SHOW THAT THERE
WERE FLUCTUATIONS THAT INDICATE THERE WERE AS
MUCH AS A COUPLE DOZEN ICE AGES OVER THE LAST
TWO AND A HALF MILLION YEARS.
SO YEAH WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THE ICE AGE WE'RE
THINKING OF THE LAST ONE.
BUT THERE WERE A COUPLE N THAT PRECEDED IT AND ALL OF THEM
MISSED THE AREA.
(JONAS) THERE ARE A COUPLE OF
ANT RESULTS FROM THIS WE HAVE ALREADY
SAID THAT THE DRIFTLESS TS BECAUSE IT WASN'T
COVERED BY GLACIAL ICE. BUT IT'S NOT EXACTLY
RIGHT TO SAY GLACIERS LEFT THE AREA UNTOUCHED.
SIMPLY PUT THE DRIFTLESS REGION IS NOT WHAT IT IS
ONLY BECAUSE IT GOT SPARED BY THE GLACIERS,
BUT ALSO BECAUSE THERE WERE GLACIERS NEARBY.
AT THE CENTER OF THE WHOLE DRIFTLESS LIKE A
MIGHTY ARTERY THROUGH THE REGION CONNECTING
THE VEINS OF WATER THAT CARVES THROUGH THE BLUFF
LANDSCAPE IS THE MIGHTY MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
(♪ )
JUST LIKE THE
REST OF THE LAND THIS
WAS ONCE FLAT GROUND
COMPOSED OF LAYERS OF
T MARINE SEDIMENT.
THE HUGE AMOUNT OF
MELTWATER COMING FROM
NEARBY GLACIERS IS WHAT
STARTED THE FORMATION OF
THIS IMPRESSIVE RIVER
VALLEY.
ROB AND I HAVE HAD A
CHANCE TO SEE IT FROM
ABOVE SEVERAL TIMES AND
EVERY TIME IT'S JUST AS
AMAZING.
JUST THE THOUGHT THAT
WATER ALONE HAS CARVED
ALL THIS OUT IS SOMEWHAT
MIND-BLOWING.
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
WAS IMPORTANT ALREADY TO
EARLY SETTLERS USING THE
WATERS TO GET AROUND.
AND IT'S JUST AS
IMPORTANT TO THE PEOPLE
OF THE DRIFTLESS TODAY.
AND THE REST OF THE
COUNTRY TOO FOR THAT
MATTER.
AS IT IS ONE OF THE
LARGEST RIVER SYSTEMS IN
THE WORLD CONNECTING THE
NORTH OF THE U.S.
WITH THE GULF OF MEXICO.
250 MILES OF THE UPPER
MISSISSIPPI RUNS THROUGH
THE DRIFTLESS AREA.
BUT THERE'S ALSO BEEN
TIMES IN HISTORY WHEN
THE RIVER WAS A LOT
DEEPER.
GEOLOGISTS HAVE MEASURED
THAT THE ACTUAL BOTTOM
OF THE RIVER LIES
ANOTHER 300 FEET DEEPER
THAN THE BOTTOM OF THE
RIVER TODAY.
(DYLAN)
WHEN THE GLACIERS WERE
MELTING AND CARRYING
SEDIMENT,
THAT SEDIMENT ENDED UP
IN THIS RIVER VALLEY.
AND IT ACTUALLY FILLED
IT UP TO A LEVEL MUCH
HIGHER THAN IT IS RIGHT
NOW WITH GLACIAL OUTWASH
SEDIMENT.
(JONAS)
THE SAME GLACIAL WATER
THAT CARVED IT OUT ALSO
LLED IT WITH MASSIVE
AMOUNTS OF SEDIMENT THAT
CAME WITH THE WATER.
THE HUGE AMOUNT OF
GLACIAL SEDIMENTS ALSO
RESULTED IN MAKING THE
UPPER MISSISSIPPI UNIQUE
IN SOME OTHER RATHER ODD
WAYS.
(DYLAN)
SO WE'RE AT LAKE PEPIN
RIGHT NOW.
IT'S ACTUALLY A REALLY
UNIQUE FEATURE BECAUSE
IT'S THE WIDEST PART OF
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
AND IT'S ALL NATURAL.
THE LAKES ARE VERY RARE
IN THIS AREA.
WELL HERE WE HAVE A
NATURAL RIVERINE LAKE.
IT'S BEEN IN EXISTENCE
SINCE THE SINCE THE
GLACIERS WORK CLOSE BY
HERE A LITTLE OVER
10,000 YEARS AGO.
AND WE HAVE THIS NATURAL
SYSTEM WHERE THE
CHIPPEWA RIVER IS
DAMMING THE MISSISSIPPI
RIVER CREATING LAKE
PEPIN.
AND IT'S A PRETTY RARE
RARE AND INTERESTING
PHENOMENON.
(JONAS)
WE CAN SEE HUGE AMOUNTS
OF GLACIAL SEDIMENTS AND
SAND THAT ARE STILL
PARTIALLY DAMMING UP THE
MISSISSIPPI TODAY.
AND FUN FACT IF NONE OF
THIS HAD HAPPENED
THERE'S A RISK WE
WOULDN'T HAVE
WATERSKIING TODAY.
(ROB)
IT SAYS""LAKE CITY,
THE BIRTHPLACE OF
WATERSKIING. WELL WE
COULDN'T REALLY PASS
THAT UP SO WE GOT TO GET
OUT ON THE RIVER.
(♪ )
(JONAS)
CAN YOU IMAGINE?
WHO WOULD HAVE GUESSED
WE WOULD HAVE THE LAST
ICE AGE TO THANK FOR ALL
THIS?
NOW THERE'S A FUN FACT
TO SHARE AT DINNER
TONIGHT.
OKAY SO NOW LET'S GET
BACK TO THE MAIN STORY.
(ROB)
EVERYBODY IN.
AN SEE
SOME COOL THINGS WE'RE
OUT HERE YOU POINT OUT
YOUR FAVORITE BITS.
I'M EXCITED TO JUST BE
RE AND SEE SOME OF
THE DIVERSITY IN
HABITATS.
(♪ )
(KENDRA)
PEOPLE ARE ALREADY
SETTING UP FOR THE
WEEKEND.
STARTING TO USE THE
BEACHES.
THE MISSISSIPPI IS A
WETLAND OF INTERNATIONAL
IMPORTANCE.
WE CALL "RAMSAR"
WETLAND.
SO THAT MEANS GLOBALLY
IT'S BEEN RECOGNIZED AS
BEING THAT IMPORTANT.
(ROB)
REALLY?
(KENDRA)
YEP.
(ROB)
SO WE'RE IN A NATIONAL
FE REFUGE RIGHT NOW.
SO WHAT DOES THAT MEAN
FOR THE RIVER.
(KENDRA)
YEAH WHAT THAT MEANS IS
PROTECTION FOR
CONSERVATION.
SO REFUGES ARE MANAGED
FOR WILDLIFE FIRST.
WE ALSO DO HAVE
RECREATION YOU KNOW
PEOPLE CAN COME AND FISH
AND HUNT BUT
PREDOMINANTLY MOST OF
WHAT WE'RE DOING OUT
HERE IS MANAGING IT FOR
WILDLIFE.
(JONAS)
THAT ALSO INVOLVES
INFORMING THE PUBLIC
ABOUT THE SENSITIVE
ANIMALS IN THE RESERVE
LIKE THE MANY SPECIES OF
TURTLES THAT COME AND
NEST ON THE SANDY
BEACHES.
(ROB)
COME ON UP HERE.
OH IT'S HOT!
OH!
OW THAT'S HOT!
YOU CAN SEE ALL OF THE
EGGS THOUGH.
RIGHT HERE.
THEY'VE BEEN PREDATED.
EATEN BY SOMETHING.
WHAT DO YOU THINK ATE
THINGS?
SNAKES OR RACCOONS?
ONE THING YOU YOU CAN
ACTUALLY SEE RIGHT AT
THE MOMENT THOUGH AS YOU
CAN SEE THE DUG OUT NEST
AND THEN AND
OCCASIONALLY YOU CAN SEE
THE SLIDE MARKS OF THE
TURTLES COMING BACK
DOWN.
(JONAS)
BUT THE MAIN ATTRACTION
WHEN IT COMES TO VIEWING
LIFE HERE MUST BE
THE BIRDS.
(ROB)
OH MY GOODNESS!
LOOK AT THAT,
WE'RE SO CLOSE.
I'VE NEVER BEEN THAT
CLOSE TO TO A FALCON
BEFORE.
(JONAS)
THIS IS FOR EXAMPLE,
THE SUMMER DESTINATION
FOR OVER A HUNDRED
SPECIES OF MIGRATORY
NEOTROPICAL SONGBIRDS.
LIKE THE CHESTNUT-SIDED
WARBLER,
NORTHERN PAULA,
AND AMERICAN
GOLDFINCHES.
WINTERS ARE SPENT
FURTHER SOUTH BUT IN THE
SUMMER THEY COME UP HERE
TO NEST AND BREED.
IN ADDITION THE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER IS
ALSO A MAJOR FLYWAY FOR
MIGRATORY BIRDS.
THAT MEANS THE RIVER
FUNCTIONS AS A GUIDANCE
FOR THE AERIAL HIGHWAY
USED BY MILLIONS OF
BIRDS ON THEIR WAY
BETWEEN SUMMER NESTING
GROUNDS IN NORTHERN
CANADA AND THE SOUTHERN
PARTS OF THE FLYWAY
WHERE THEY SPEND WINTER.
IN FACT MORE THAN 320
BIRD SPECIES HAVE BEEN
RECORDED USING THE
MISSISSIPPI FLYWAY EACH
YEAR.
IT IS NOW MID-JUNE WHICH
MEANS RIGHT IN BETWEEN
MIGRATION TIMES.
NOW LET'S FAST-FORWARD
SIX MONTHS.
(♪ )
IT IS SAID THAT
OVER 40% OF THE TOTAL
TION OF WATERFOWL
IN THE U.S.
PASSED THROUGH THIS
MIGRATORY FLYWAY.
DURING PEAK MIGRATION
HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF
TUNDRA SWANS AND OTHER
WATERFOWL CAN BE SEEN
FEEDING AND RESTING IN
THE POOLS OF THE
RESERVE.
AND THE ABUNDANCE OF
FOOD HERE MAKES IT A
GIVEN STOPOVER.
AS A PHOTOGRAPHER
VIDEOGRAPHER THIS IS
SOMETHING YOU'VE GOT A
DREAM ABOUT.
YOU'RE SURROUNDED BY
THIS ENVIRONMENT,
THE COLORS OF THE
BLUFFS,
THE WHITE SWANS,
THE CONTRASTS OF WATER.
THIS IS WHY I BECAME A
WILDLIFE FILMMAKER,
PHOTOGRAPHER.
(THOMAS)
THE DRIFTLESS AREA IS
REMELY UNIQUE AREA
AND BIRDWATCHERS HAVE TAKEN
NOTE FROM ALL OVER THE
COUNTRY AND EVEN THE
WORLD.
BIRD WATCHERS LOVE TO
KEEP A LIFE LIST WHERE
THEY KEEP TRACK OF HOW
MANY DIFFERENT SPECIES
THEY'VE SEEN KIND OF
CHECKING OFF EACH
SPECIES AND THE
DRIFTLESS AREA IS A
GREAT PLACE FOR BIRD
WATCHERS THAT COME TO
SEE A VARIETY OF SPECIES
IN WINTER,
SPRING,
SUMMER,
AND FALL.
(JONAS)
I REALIZE IT MAY LOOK
LIKE WE'RE PAINTING A
PICTURE OF A WILDLIFE
REFUGE FREE FROM
PROBLEMS,
BUT THE REALITY IS NOT
THAT EASY AND IT'S NOT
WITHOUT HELP.
FOR EXAMPLE,
PROGRAMS LIKE THE
DRIFTLESS AREA TROUT
UNLIMITED RESTORATION
EFFORTS ARE WORKING TO
RESTORE COLDWATER
SPRINGS DAMAGED BY
EROSION.
(DUKE)
WHERE WE CAN DO
RESTORATION,
WE CAN REALLY RESTORE
THEM TO SOMETHING THAT
IS REALLY RARE IN THE
WORLD.
(JONAS)
BLUFF PRAIRIES HAVE
BEEN DISAPPEARING DUE TO
LACK OF WILDFIRES AND
THE INTRODUCTION OF
INVASIVE SPECIES.
THROUGH PRESCRIBED BURNS
AND THE REMOVAL OF
NON-NATIVE VEGETATION,
GROUPS LIKE THE PRAIRIE
ENTHUSIASTS HAVE MANAGED
TO RESTORE AND PROTECT A
LOT OF THIS RARE
HABITAT,
ALLOWING SOME OF THE
UNIQUE BIODIVERSITY TO
.
AND EVEN PRIVATE
LANDOWNERS ARE SIGNING
UP TO PROTECT THEIR LAND
FROM FURTHER
DEVELOPMENT.
(MICHAEL)
HAT
WE WANT TO BE GOOD
STEWARDS OF THE LAND.
AND THERE'S FEATURES ON
THIS LAND RANGING FROM
ROCK ART THAT'S UP TO
2,000 YEARS OLD TO
VIRGIN RED OAK FORESTS.
AND WE WOULDN'T EVER
WANT TO SEE THAT
DEVELOPED.
SO WE WANT TO PROTECT
IT.
(JONAS)
UNIQUE HABITATS ARE
OFTEN ALSO SENSITIVE TO
CHANGE,
WHETHER IT BE CHANGING
CLIMATES,
NEW DEVELOPMENTS,
OR THINGS WE DO THAT
AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT
EVEN IF OUR INITIAL
INTENTIONS WERE GOOD.
THE STORY OF THE
PEREGRINE FALCON IS ONE
EXAMPLE.
THESE TOP OF THE FOOD
CHAIN PREDATORS ARE THE
FASTEST ANIMALS ON THE
PLANET.
NESTING ON THE STEEP
BLUFF SITES,
PEREGRINE FALCONS HAVE
HAD A GREAT SYMBOLIC
IMPORTANCE TO THE
DRIFTLESS FOR THOUSANDS
OF YEARS.
BUT RECENTLY ALMOST
DISAPPEARED COMPLETELY.
(STATIC)
THE GREATEST POTENIALITY
OF DDT
LIES IN DISPERSAL FROM
PLANES.
(JONAS)
THE USE OF THE
THAT WAS
DEVELOPED IN THE 1940S
TO HELP FIGHT THE SPREAD
OF DISEASES LIKE MALARIA
AND TYPHUS,
ALMOST CAUSED THEM AND
OTHER RAPTORS LIKE THE
BALD EAGLE TO GO EXTINCT
FROM THE AMERICAN
CONTINENT.
AND THE DRIFTLESS WAS NO
EXCEPTION.
THE ORGANIZATION RAPTOR
RESOURCE PROJECT WAS
FOUNDED IN 1988 BY BOB
ANDERSON WHO
SUCCESSFULLY MANAGED TO
BREED FALCONS AND RETURN
THEM TO THE WILD BY
RELEASING THEM ON THE
CLIFFS.
ARTIFICIAL NEST BOXES
WERE ALSO PUT UP ALONG
THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI
BLUFFS AND TODAY THE
PEREGRINE FALCONS ARE
BACK IN NUMBERS WHERE
THEY ARE NO LONGER
CONSIDERED CRITICALLY
ENDANGERED.
BUT THE CONTINUED WORK
PROTECT AND MONITOR
THEM AND THEIR HABITAT
IS STILL CRUCIAL.
WHICH BRINGS US BACK TO
E THIS STORY STARTED
TO THE STEEP CLIFFS OF
THE DRIFTLESS BLUFFS.
(ROB)
SO WE'RE ON A BIG
SOYBEAN FIELD UP ON THE
TOP OF THIS BLUFF,
BUT OVER THERE IS A BIG
CLIFF THAT OVERLOOKS THE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND WE
THINK THAT OVER THERE
MAY BE THE NEST OF A
PEREGRINE FALCON.
NOW WHETHER OR NOT THIS
ONE ACTUALLY HAS CHICKS
IN IT IS YET TO BE
DISCOVERED.
WE HAVE ALL OF OUR
CLIMBING GEAR AND YOU'LL
FIND OUT.
(♪ )
(DAVE KESTER)
CLIMBER TO TOPSIDE OVER.
FOUR LIVE BABIES.
I COULDN'T BELIEVE IT
WHEN SHE FLEW INTO THAT
POTHOLE I WAS LIKE ""OH
MY GOD YOU KNOW SHE WENT
IN .
THAT'S MUSIC TO MY EARS.
(ROB)
THERE ARE PEREGRINE
FALCONS RIGHT IN THAT
HOW COOL IS THAT?
(JONAS)
TODAY IS AN ABSOLUTE
SUCCESS.
ON THE THREE BLUFFS WE
VISITED,
A TOTAL OF SEVEN HEALTHY
FALCON EYASS WERE FOUND
AND TAGGED.
(AMY)
NEXT,
MALE BAND.
K OVER 37.
(CLIMBER)
WITH WITH THE COLOR
MARK THE WAY IT IS AND
THE BIG LETTERS YOU KNOW
THAT K OVER 42 FOR
EXAMPLE,
THAT'S READ MORE READILY
VISIBLE IN A TELESCOPE.
(JONAS)
THE THING THAT GOT US
EXCITED,
WAS THAT THE EYASIS WE
FOUND WERE IN NATURAL
NEST SITES ON THE ROCK.
SO THIS IS WHAT'S REALLY
COOL THERE'S ACTUALLY A
NEST BOX MOUNTED ON THE
ROCK FACE JUST MAYBE 40
YARDS DOWN THAT WAY.
BUT THIS IS WHAT THEY
CHOSEN IS NATURAL
CREVASSE RIGHT ON THE
ROCK.
(DAVE)
THEY'VE NEVER USED THIS
BEFORE AND IT'S A
BEAUTIFUL EYRIES.
IT'S IT'S IT'S DRY.
IT'S OUT OF THE
ELEMENTS.
IT'S PREDATOR FREE.
COONS CAN'T GET HERE
IT'S JUST IT'S ONE OF
THE BEST IRIES I'VE SEEN
IN A LONG TIME.
(JOHN)
YOU KNOW THIS IS A
GREAT STORY TO LET
PEOPLE KNOW.
I THINK IT'S REALLY
NEEDED BECAUSE WE WE SEE
THAT THEY'RE OFF THE
ENDANGERED SPECIES LIST.
YOU KNOW PEOPLE ARE
MONITORING THEM.
THEY APPEAR TO BE
HEALTHY.
WE'VE GOT THEM IN URBAN
S WE'VE GOT THEM ON
NATURAL CAVITIES AND
THINGS LIKE THAT.
AND SO THIS REALLY WAS
THE ULTIMATE GOAL WAS TO
GET BACK TO FALCONS ON
ON THE BLUFFS.
AND WE ARE SO,
IT'S SUCH A GREAT
FEELING TODAY TO HAVE
OUR SECOND SITE THAT
WE'RE OUT HERE TODAY
THAT WE'VE ACTUALLY
FOUND FOUR YOUNG
FALCONS.
THEY'RE IN A REALLY NICE
LITTLE POTHOLE.
IT'S IT'S REALLY WHAT WE
WERE LOOKING FOR.
(JONAS)
HE'S SO CALM.
(ROB)
THAT WAS FRIGGIN
AWESOME.
(JONAS)
THIS IS A SUCCESS STORY
THAT REALLY TOUCHED US.
BUT MAYBE MORE
IMPORTANTLY IT IS
REMINDEDER THAT WE
SHOULDN'T TAKE WHAT WE
HAVE FOR GRANTED.
THE FALCONS AS WELL AS
OTHER BIRDS OF PREY WERE
ALMOST GONE.
AND SEEING FALCONS UP
CLOSE IN THEIR NATURAL
HABITAT IS SOMETHING I
WAS DREAMING OF AS A
KID.
NOW ROB AND I HAVE
BROUGHT OUR KIDS HERE TO
THE DRIFTLESS.
WE WANT OUR GROWING
FAMILIES TO SEE WHAT IT
MEANS TO LOVE A LAND AS
SPECIAL AS THIS.
I WANT MY KIDS TO GET TO
EXPERIENCE THE THINGS I
DREAMT UP WHEN I WAS
GROWING UP.
IN SMALL PLACES LIKE
THIS ECOSYSTEMS ARE VERY
SENSITIVE TO CHANGE.
THE DRIFTLESS REGION MAY
HAVE SURVIVED MANY
CHALLENGES IN THE PAST
BUT THAT IS NO PROMISE
IT CAN DO IT EVERY TIME.
IT IS UP TO US TO MAKE
SURE THESE STORIES LIVE
ON FOR FUTURE
GENERATIONS.
FOR OUR KIDS.
IT SHOULDN'T ONLY BE
SOMETHING THEY JUST
LEARNED ABOUT FROM A
BOOK OR FROM WATCHING A
MOVIE,
BUT TO SET FEET ON THE
LAND AND FLOAT THE
WATERS.
SEE THE BIRDS MIGRATE.
TRAVEL BACK IN TIME AND
WALK IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF
EARLY EXPLORERS.
OR FIND SECRET WORLDS
THAT NO ONE KNEW
EXISTED.
AND TO CONTINUE TO PASS
ON THE DREAMS TO THEIR
CHILDREN.
BUT MAKING SURE THAT CAN
HAPPEN IS UP TO US.
WE CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE
NOW AND IT STARTS WITH A
KNOWLEDGE OF HOW SPECIAL
THIS PLACE REALLY IS.
I SAID IN THE BEGINNING
THAT I HAD A HARD TIME
PUTTING MY FINGER ON WHY
THE DRIFTLESS REGION
FELT SPECIAL AND I STILL
CAN'T GIVE AN EASY
ANSWER.
IT IS BOTH VERY SIMPLE
AND AT THE SAME TIME
VERY COMPLEX.
ON THE ONE HAND ITS
NATURAL BEAUTY SHOULD
SIMPLY BE ENOUGH OF AN
ANSWER.
BUT LEAVING IT AT THAT
DOESN'T SEEM ENOUGH.
WHAT WE HAVE SEEN AND
WHAT WE HAVE EXPERIENCED
DURING OUR TIME IN THE
DRIFTLESS CAN BE SUMMED
UP AS A WILD RIDE OF
FASCINATING DISCOVERIES.
NOW ROB AND I ARE ACTING
AS THE GUIDES FOR OUR
FAMILIES IN THIS AREA WE
ONLY RECENTLY FOUND OUT
EXISTED.
A RELATIVELY SMALL AREA
PERHAPS BUT NEVERTHELESS
FILLED WITH HIDDEN
STORIES.
THE STORIES OF THE LAND
THAT THE GLACIER SPARED.
(♪ )
(ROB)
RIVER RAT FOREVER
(TIM)
IT WAS SO FREAKY,
THAT CAVE,
>> Do you want to
do thatwith a
credit or debit?>> Hi, I'm James.
I'm JamesSteinbach. I'm a volunteerhere
at PBS Wisconsin, andwe're going to
be rightback to to the show
. We'regoing right back to theshow, aren't
we? Is theshow over? It's not over
.No, the show goes on. Italways
goes on. But I'm here with Tim
Jacobson, whois one of the producers of
the show. And one of thethings we
were talkingabout was that, you know,if
you go to a state park,you can
see a lot of it. Ifyou go
to the Driftless, you cannot see it
all. It'stoo big and you need to seein so many
perspectives, wetalked about from the airand
from underneath. So how do you take it
in? I mean,that's what's great aboutthis
film. You can watch this film.
. You solved this foryou.
And that's that's agreat
point. I mean , theDriftless Area
is about 24,000mi'!S. So it's
it's a huge, huge area
in thatsense. And so you
can't seeit all not easily
orcertainly over a lifetime.
But this film gives you achance
in one hour to toget a perspective
on a lotof the area.>> Which
is such animportant thing about PBS.
It gives you a chance tosee things
you wouldn'totherwise be able to do
. Ilove that, so call
us at 1-800-236-3636.
>> Hi, I'm Natalie,
a staffmember here at
PBSWisconsin, and there is
somuch in this film
to take in the beautiful
views, the information, the
amazing shots.
I know I want towatch it
again, and you'll probably want to watch
itagain too . And tonight we
have some wonderful giftsthat we'd love
to sharewith you with your donation.
A donation of $12 a month,
you'll receive a DVD or Blu
ray, or you'll
receive this wonderful Driftless
reader.This reader is
chock full of
amazing experts fromauthors
that you know, likeMark Twain
and Patti Lo.
It's something that is
justa wonderful addition to
anyone's collection, anyone's
l ibrary collection
in their house. A gift of
$25 a month. You will
receive the DVD or Blu ray
.The book, this
Wonderful hat that says
PBS Wisconsinto wear while you're hikingin
the Driftless Area, andalso this
wonderful printthat shows the Driftless
Area map. This map is a
great resource for you tohave.
So thank you so much.And if
you could please call
1-800-236-3636. >> Hi,
I'm Eric Greiling, I'm director of friends
ofPBS Wisconsin . You probablyknow
that public media isfacing some
seriouschallenges. There are more
challenges ahead and somedifficult decisions
to make.But I want you to
know thatwe're here to stay.
Andthat's because of viewerslike you
. You are thesource of
support for us .We're all in
this together.Let's keep PBS Wisconsin
strong together. And it'sbecause
you value theservice .
You value programs like this that
you can'treally find anywhere else
on your dial or
on your internets.
We bring you
programs about Wisconsin.It's our
specialty. Webring you so much
andthere's so much beyond thebroadcast.
Our education,work , the work we
do forthe Emergency Alert
system.Please contribute to that .
Please keep PBS Wisconsinstrong
. It starts with yourcall
1-800-236-3636. >> That's
another, I think
fascinating thing you talkabout this in
the film is people have
lived in theDriftless Area for a
longtime. It's true . All overWisconsin.
People have beenhere a long time . And howdoes
that come out? How do
you see that in theDriftless Area?
Well, one of the mostremarkable things about
theDriftless is all of the
archeological evidence been left behind by
people who lived here avery long
time ago. We hadthe mound building
, peoplewho built
effigy mounds, hundreds and hundreds
ofmounds across the landscape,maybe thousands
of mounds, all sorts of
shapes andsizes . I mean,
birdeffigies and bears.
And there's
even a man mound ortwo
in the Driftless. There's this wonderful
manmound that ,
you know, it'sjust
incredible to see these things that have
beenthere for maybe a thousandyears. There's
rock art in deep caves. There's
paintings, there's carvings in the rock
from so longago , and most
people wouldnever get a chance to
seemost of that .>> It's just
anotherexample of one after
another, of another of
discoveries that you allreveal to
us in this greatprogram.
Call us at 1-800-236-3636.
>> Thank you so much
forjoining us tonight andwatching
with your gift . Wedo have
wonderful ways to
say thank you . A gift
of$12 a month, you
willreceive a DVD or Blu ray
orthis wonderful reader
bookthat is a
great addition toanyone's library
in theirhome . You can enjoy
expertsfrom famous authors likeMark
Twain, Patti Low, andjust
a plethora of others.So that
is a gift of $12 a
month. A gift of
$25 amonth. You will receive
four items, so you willreceive this
beautiful green PBS hat
, and you willalso
receive the DVD or Blu
ray. The reader book. Again,
great addition to anyone's
home library and you will
also receive this wonderfulDriftless
Area print. Andthis
print is amazingbecause it
shows all of thecounties that
Tim talksabout in Decoding theDriftless,
and it spells out like what this
lookslike in a visual that youcan
look and see and enjoyall for yourself
. So please think about a gift
with us.Thank you so much forjoining
us tonight. And please call
1-800-236-3636. >> You
know, I loved in inthat
last bit we werelooking at
how you actually you had fun. You
went waterskiing. It was great. I
thought. me personally.>> Okay
. But you did go . Inever got to
do that. WhenI was out on shoes
. Nobodyever let me go water skiing.So
what are you going to do?But another
thing aboutthis is you found some
strange. There were strangethings. There
was always.So what were some of the
strange things? . You know, so when
I was a kid , I was born up
in northern Wisconsin in the Northwoods. And when
Iwas 12, we moved into theDriftless
Area. And I was just taken aback by
howdifferent the terrain was.The animals
, the plants, it's so different
. And oneof the things that was
moststriking to me is there'sprickly pear
cactus growingon the bluff prair ies andthe
sand prairies and the Driftless Area. And
I'mlike, you know , to go from
northern Wisconsin to southwest Wisconsin to
suddenly discover cactus and
rattlesnakes.>> And you're not in Turkey
.Vultures in Wisconsin. >> Exactly. It felt
likethe desert southwest, andnot
nearly as much snow wasup north either
. So thosewere some really striking
things to me as a 12 yearold
. But then in addition to that, there's these
coolhabitats like the algifictalus slope
that people getto explore through the film,
things that most people
would never see in theirentire lifetime.
>> You know? So this is my
last chance to talk to you.It's been
a pleasure andit's been such a pleasure
.Thank you. It's been such apleasure
to see thisbeautiful film. Thank youfor
making it. And thank you for bringing it
to PBSWisconsin and to people all
around the country. Thank you. And thank
you forpledging .
>> 1-800-236-3636 public
media was
invented here inWisconsin
. And from thosebeginnings over
100 yearsago, we've
been committedto finding the positive
influences of
media, using media in new
ways andinventive ways to
furtherthe good of the people
ofWisconsin. And as far as we
can reach that started with education, that
startedwith science exploration.We want
to continue to giveyou those
places where you can explore,
discover,learn, even
find comfort.And it
all starts with you .It's because of your
support. Let's keep PBSWisconsin
strong together. As we move through
thesechallenging times , we'veseen a
tremendous surge of support from friends
, neighbors, people
in thecommunity, people in yourcommunity,
people allacross the state giving at
every level that they're able to give at
becausethey know how importantthis service is
. They knowhow special it is.
We'reproud of Wisconsin .Wisconsin's a special
place.Public media in Wisconsinis
special. And again, it'sthanks
to you. So thank youso much
for your support.If you can show your
support now, give us a callat
1-800-236-3636.
THROUGH THAT LITTLE OPENING
♪ I DANCED AND RAN
♪ THROUGH THE TALL GRASS
♪ AND FLOWERS
♪ IN THE DAYLIGHT,
♪ I FELT HEAVEN'S RAIN SHOWERS
♪ I WAS YOUNGER
♪ I SAW THOSE LOVING
♪ SPIRITS PLAY
♪ I WAS YOUNGER
♪ LIVING AND BREATHING
♪ AND DREAMING BIG
♪ AT THE END OF THE DAY
♪ END OF THE DAY
) ♪
-Spring is here!
Our favorite teeny tiny fliers
are traveling.
That's right, the first sighting
s of hummingbirds!
Have you got your feeders out?
The hummingbirds are coming yo
ur way!
-♪ Got onboard a westbound 747
♪ Didn't think before deciding
what to do ♪
-This is Beverly Hills, Wasabi.
See that park? See all these trees
and flowers?
Someday this will all be yours.
That's right, Wasabi.
If someone says get off my pro
perty,
you can just give them the bird.
-♪ Seems it never rains in South
ern California ♪
-All right. It's time to talk
hummingbirds.
-And where did you go on summe
r vacation?
Some travelers heading up from
Mexico and Central America
might be traveling through your
yard this very instant.
-♪ It never rains in Californi
a ♪