HOSPITAL AND EVEN GOT A RUSSIAN COURT ORDER TO DO SO, YET
RUSSIAN AUTHORITIES HAVE NOT ALLOWED THAT TO OCCUR.
SO WE DON'T HAVE EYES ON VERIFICATION.
WE HAVE BEEN RECEIVING REPORTS THROUGH THE EMBASSY.
BUT THE FACT IS THE U.S. GOVERNMENT AGREES HIS LIFE IS IN
JEOPARDY. HE NEEDS HUMANITARIAN RELIEF'S
RIGHT NOW. STEPHANIE: A TRUMP
ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL SENT US A STATEMENT ON BACKGROUND SING
THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION IS CLOSELY TRACKING THE CASE AND
HAS MADE REPEATED, CONCERTED OUTREACH TO THE RUSSIANS CALLING
FOR HIS RETURN TO THE UNITED STATES, BUT THE STATE DEPARTMENT
HAS NOT YET DECIDED TO SAY HE WAS WRONGFULLY DETAINED.
WHY WON'T THEY AND WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THE GOVERNMENT'S CURRENT
EFFORTS TO GAIN ROBERT'S RELEASE?
>> WE ARE DEFINITELY COMFORTED BY THE FACT AND ENCOURAGED BY
THE FACT THAT THE WHITE HOUSE AT THE MOST SENIOR LEVELS WE KNOW
ARE WORKING RIGHT NOW BEHIND THE SCENES ALONG WITH TEAMS OF QUIET
PROFESSIONALS ACROSS THE STATE TO GET ROBERT HOME.
BUT THE ISSUE OF WRONGFUL DETENTION REVOLVES AROUND THAT
ROBERT LEVINSON HOSTAGE TAKING AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2020
THAT OFFICIALLY LABELS AN AMERICAN BEING HELD IN A FOREIGN
COUNTRY AS WRONGFULLY, UNLAWFULLY, UNJUSTLY DETAINED.
MR. GILMAN HAS BEEN IN THIS SITUATION FOR OVER 1600 DAYS,
FOUR YEARS AT THIS POINT. THERE WAS A DEBATE INSIDE THE
STATE DEPARTMENT WHETHER MR. GILMAN OR FIVE OTHER CLIENTS WE
HAVE THAT ARE SUFFERING RIGHT NOW AND RUSSIAN GULAGS SHOULD BE
DESIGNATED AS SUCH, BUT THE FEAR ON ONE SIDE IS THAT THAT WILL
RAISE THE COST IN SECURING THEIR RELEASE.
WE DISAGREE WITH THAT. WE KNOW THAT WRONGFUL DETENTION
DESIGNATION TELLS THOSE FAMILIES, YOUR LOVED ONE IS A
TOP PRIORITY AND IT TELLS THOSE COUNTRIES YOU BETTER LET THESE
PEOPLE GO OR ELSE THERE WILL BE SEVERE CONSEQUENCES.
STEPHANIE: YOU HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATING THESE CASES FOR A
NUMBER OF YEARS. AS YOU SAID, MR. GILMAN'S
SENTENCE HAS GONE BEYOND FOUR AND A HALF YEARS AT THIS POINT
AND HAS BEEN EXTENDED TO A DECADE, WHICH IS CONTROVERSIAL
IN ITSELF. HOW WOULD YOU CHARACTERIZE THIS
CASE? WHAT MAKES IT STAND OUT?
>> MR. GILMAN IS ACTUALLY THE THIRD MARINE WE HAVE SEEN
TARGETED BY THE RUSSIANS IN RECENT YEARS.
IF YOU LOOK AT TREVOR REED AND PAUL LELAND.
-- PAUL LELAND. THE SUFFERING AT THE HANDS OF
THE PRISON GUARDS HAS BEEN FAR WORSE THAN ANYTHING WE'VE SEEN
BEFORE. THE TROUBLING ASPECT OF ALL OF
THIS IS THAT RIGHT NOW AS WE SIT HERE, WE ARE NOT SURE MR. GILMAN
IS GOING TO MAKE IT. WE ARE PLEADING WITH THE
GOVERNMENT OF RUSSIA TO TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY, SEE IT FOR
WHAT IT IS. THIS IS NOT SOME GEOPOLITICAL
POWER. THIS IS SIMPLY HUMANITARIAN
RELEASE. WE KNOW THAT IF MR. GILMAN
PERISHES IN A RUSSIAN PRISON AFTER BEING WRONGFULLY DETAINED
FOR FOUR YEARS, THE AMERICAN PUBLIC WILL NOT FORGET THAT.
STEPHANIE: THAT IS KIERAN RAMSEY WITH THE ADVOCACY GROUP GLOBAL
REACH JOINING US. THANK YOU SO MUCH.
>> THANK YOU. GEOFF: WE WILL BE BACK SHORTLY
WITH A LOOK AT THE HISTORY BEING REVEALED BY A EUROPEAN RIVER
THAT'S DRYING UP. BUT FIRST, TAKE A MOMENT TO HEAR
FROM YOUR LOCAL PBS STATION. IT'S A CHANCE TO OFFER YOUR
SUPPORT, WHICH HELPS KEEP PROGRAMS LIKE THIS ONE ON THE
volunteer here at PBSert, a
Wisconsin. Taking just a
evening's News Hour program
a pledge of financiald make
probably don't need to tell
watching PBS NewsHour, youe
watching it. There is no
more independence andth
What you might not know,ram.
doing a challenge break
does not happen often, but
have an opportunity to not
NewsHour, but have yourBS
doubled. We are matching
that come in this week,ifts
this break. Up to $50,000.g
opportunity for you to
what the PBS NewsHour gives
1-800-236-3636.
I'm a member of thearlson,
at PBS Wisconsin. And when
Today, you are providing
the coverage that you'vefor
and the knowledge that you
rely on. And when you make
fantastic ways to thank you
have this Wisconsin needs
Wisconsin Needs PublicThis
Wisconsin logo. It's a PBS
royal heather t shirt. So
heather feel. It's 5050.t
shrink too much in unisext
also or at the $12 a month
wheel. Thank you. With the
retro logo and at the $20 a
you with the mug and the t
1-800-236-3636.us a call at
a volunteer here with PBS,
watching News Hour today,
other people who have been
even decades. And we areybe
you this incredible bring
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So if you're not ants today.
great time to become one.
What better time to call us
not just making an impact,
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gift makes an impact. Maybe
your needs, and you canet
little less. Every dollar
you're not a sustainer,
you already are a sustainer,
That 5 or $10 increaseay.
You can give us a call at
>> And I'll tell you what,
important now than it ever
largest source of support
viewers like you? Another
historically had been
Recently, government
the PBS network and NPR asf
thing. You stepped up. You
PBS Wisconsin was facing a
millions of dollars. Andy
ever because of you ands
gift at a time. So if youe
that's great because not
we needed you most, but as
over time, you'll be there
a sustainer, though, now is
and keep what we've builtft
Your dollars will bes ever.
1-800-236-3636.u call
is the best time to join us
Wisconsin, because your
That gift will be doubledar.
have some fantastic ways to
you a little bit more about
month level, this PBS mug
It's dishwasher safe. It's
logo is not going anywhere
the mug. So that's $12 af
with this mug or thatou
media t shirt. You know,
NewsHour. You know more
public media for thiseed
to thank you with that tve
month level, or give us a
receive the mug and the t
was helping me with theavid
That's $4 off a month for.
consider giving at $20 a So
1-800-236-3636.a call
other benefits to becoming
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programing, PBS NewsHourent
enjoy, but there's alsoyou
monthly program guide sor
month, catch the shows that
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Passport is your onlinePBS
Through the app, you can
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is known for all of theirin
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sustainer. become a
to cover even yet thisnews
be going back to PBSoing to
here. But, you know, I just
to you to support whatpitch
you value it by giving us a
What I value most about PBS
to the facts. It trafficss
facts. Well, here's a fact.
media institution in this
you. It's because PBS isof
needs, not to commercialur
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Give us a call att now.
the rest of the news.joy
>> Thank you for your. GEOFF: IN EUROPE, A CLIMATE
CRISIS IS UNEARTHING HISTORY. MONTHS OF BRUTAL HEAT WAVES HAVE
LEFT THE DANUBE RIVER AT A CRITICALLY LOW LEVEL.
BUT AS THE WATER VANISHES, IT'S REVEALING REMARKABLE RELICS FROM
THE PAST, INCLUDING NAZI WARSHIPS AND EVEN THE FOSSILIZED
BONES OF A WOOLY MAMMOTH. DEEMA ZEIN HAS OUR REPORT.
REPORTER: WORLD WAR II ERA SHIPWRECKS ARE EMERGING AS ONE
OF EUROPE'S BIGGEST RIVERS DISAPPEARS.
THE DANUBE WATER LEVELS ARE AT CRITICALLY LOW LEVELS, REVEALING
ISLANDS, ANIMAL FOSSILS AND THE REMAINS OF SUNKEN WARSHIPS.
IT IS EUROPE'S SECOND-LONGEST FLOWING THROUGH 10 COUNTRIES AND
SPANNING 10,000 100 MILES. WORLD WAR II ERA NAZI WARSHIPS
ARE REVEALED THROUGH THE RIVERBED.
IN SERBIA AT LEAST 2200 OF THE GERMAN SHIPS INTENTIONALLY
SCUTTLED CAN BE SEEN FROM A VILLAGE LOCATED ON THE RIVER.
WHILE SOME OF THE SHIPS HAD BEEN PREVIOUSLY REMOVED BY THE
COMMUNIST YUGOSLAV AUTHORITIES, MANY REMAINED DUE TO THE
DANGEROUS EXPLOSIVES ON BOARD. NOW THE WARSHIPS ARE NOT THE
ONLY HISTORIC RELICS RESURFACING FROM THE PAST.
IN BULGARIA, SOME RESIDENTS DISCOVER THE BONES OF A WOOLLY
MAMMOTH. THE ANIMALS COEXISTED WITH A
TREND TO HUMANS AND WERE FRONTED FOR FOOD, TUSKS, AND BONES
BEFORE THEY WENT EXTINCT. FOR PBS NEWS HOUR, I DEEMA ZEIN.
AMGEOFF: OVER THE PAST FEW WEEKS, JUDY WOODRUFF HAS BEEN
SPEAKING TO A HOST OF EXPERTS ABOUT THE COUNTRY'S 250TH
ANNIVERSARY FOR HER IN PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS PODCAST.
THAT INCLUDES CONVERSATIONS ABOUT THE ROLES SATIRE, NATIONAL
PARKS AND MUSIC HAVE PLAYED IN OUR HISTORY, AS WELL AS THE
LATEST EPISODE LOOKING AT HOW AMERICAN ENGLISH EVOLVED.
AS IT TURNS OUT, THERE'S ONE WORD THAT'S REVEALS A LOT ABOUT
THE WAY WE SPEAK. >> I THINK A REALLY ACCESSIBLE
EXAMPLE OF HOW THESE INTRINSIC TENDENCIES WE HAVE TOWARDS
CHANGE IS IN THE WAY THAT WE PRONOUNCED BUTTER.
IF YOU ARE BRITISH, A SOUTHERN BRITISH ENGLISH SPEAKER, YOU
WILL SAY SOMETHING LIKE BUTTER. IF YOU'RE AN AMERICAN, YOU WILL
SAY BUTTER. THERE'S A TENDENCY IN THE
LANGUAGE WHEN YOU HAVE AN UNSTRESSED SYLLABLE, FOR THINGS
TO REDUCE. SOUNDS TO REDUCE.
IN BRITISH ENGLISH, ESPECIALLY SOUTHERN BRITISH ENGLISH, YOU
DROP THE R. BUT IN AMERICAN ENGLISH, WE KEPT
THE R. WE DID NOT DO THAT TO REDUCE BUT
INSTEAD WE REDUCED WITH THE T. SO IF YOU SAY BUT-TER, YOUR
STANDARD. BUT IF YOU SAY BUTTER, YOU ARE
AMERICAN. IT'S NOT GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCE BUT
SOCIAL DISTANCE, AND THEN YOU SEE GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCE THAT
SEPARATED PEOPLE LEADING TO THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ABOUT --
BUT-TAH AND BUTTER. JUDY: I'M THINKING OF HOW MUCH
AMERICANS MOVE AROUND NOW. YOU MAY BE BORN IN THE NORTH AND
MOVED TO THE SOUTH OR VICE VERSA, OR IN THE EAST AND MOVED
TO THE WEST. OF COURSE MEDIA, MOVIES,
TELEVISION, RADIO, LISTENING TO OTHER VOICES.
HOW HAS ALL THAT, AND ESPECIALLY THE MEDIA, THE PRESENCE OF THE
MEDIA, SHE BEGUN TO CHANGE, OR HAS IT CHANGED, OR IS IT
CHANGING HOW PEOPLE TALK? >> THERE ARE THE CHANGES AND
THINGS THAT PEOPLE REALLY NOTICE, NEW SLANG COMES OUT AND
EVERYBODY WANTS TO TALK ABOUT SIX SEVEN, OR RIZZ, OR THESE
THINGS. BUT ONE OF THE THINGS I STUDY IS
THE MORE SUBTLE CHANGES THAT GO BELOW THE RADAR.
THE SORTS OF THAT WILL CHANGE AS I WAS TALKING ABOUT.
BUT FOR EXAMPLE, I THINK SOME PEOPLE HAVE NOTICED THE WORD
SHALL IS NOT HEALTHY, IT IS DYING OUT OF THE LANGUAGE.
WHAT MANY PEOPLE HAVE NOT NOTICED IS THAT THE WORD MUST IN
THE SENSE OF OBLIGATION, LIKE I MUST RUN ERRANDS, YOU CAN HEAR
THAT I DO IT VERY SERIOUSLY. WHAT I WOULD TEND TO SAY IS I
HAVE TO RUN ERRANDS OR I NEED TO RUN ERRANDS.
HAVE TO AND NEED TO ARE REPLACING MUST IN THE SENSE OF
OBLIGATION. IF YOU HANG OUT WITH YOUNG
PEOPLE, AS VALERIE DOES AS WELL, YOU KNOW ON ACCIDENT IS COMING
INTO THE LANGUAGE AND BY ACCIDENT IS MOVING OUT OF THE
LANGUAGE. WE ARE GETTING A PREPOSITIONAL
SHIFT. GEOFF: ALL SIX EPISODES OF IN
PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS ARE OUT NOW.
YOU CAN WATCH THEM ON OUR PBS NEWS YOUTUBE PAGE OR WHEREVER
YOU GET YOUR PODCASTS. AND THAT'S THE NEWS HOUR FOR
TONIGHT. I'M GEOFF BENNETT.
FOR ALL OF US HERE AT THE PBS NEWSHOUR, THANKS FOR SPENDING
PART OF YOUR EVENING WITH US. ANNOUNCER: MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE
"PBS NEWS HOUR" HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY --
>> Hi, I'm David Hoffert, a
volunteer here at PBSert, a
Now that we have wrapped up
evening, reminding you that
opportunity this week to
Wisconsin and support PBS
with your money beingort it
active challenge breakin an
When you call PBS NewsHour.
a new donor to PBS you are
be matched one for one upl
a very special opportunity.
We're already at eightften.
to get a few more in just a
our next round ofave before
number again isns. That
it this way. PBS NewsHourut
of our our coming electione
more important time to have
journalism like this. So
>> I'm Regina Belotti, a.
Wisconsin, and your support
upcoming election season,
with so many people across
rely on PBS NewsHour tory,
they need. And so again,n
unique opportunity tos very
you're not already. Your
impact right now. Help us
bringing that number up.eep
give us a call if youow, so
impact is so important.
generations of viewers have
give them the information
going for generations to it
sustainer, we are soady a
for helping make thisk you
good night to increase your
sustainers, we have some
offer you. Again, at thato
get this fantastic vintage
sides. I think Andrew both
resistant, dishwasher safe.
at that $12 a month level?r
Wisconsin needs publict
is what you're looking for.
again, helps us get to that
impact that would have. We
can thank you with both the
give us a call atrt. So
>> And of course, when you
this challenge, right,e of
PBS NewsHour, you arerting
and educational programing
Wisconsin week in and week
national programs like PBS
programing, right? It'sl
everything that makes PBS
option you have on yourher
cable, whatever they call
service, all of theseng
PBS stands out for the yet
integrity, for thethe
your own informativeness in
informed, being informed.
of being informed as Imple
correctly, but here's what
informed than me and give
We are in double digits3636.
calls. I'd love to hit 1515
We can do it because PBSls.
us pooling together ourof
the values that matter to
you can. Otherwise, we look
more as the upcomingo you
of the evening. But but the
give us a call at now is to
of the evening. But but the
>> EXPLORE NEW WORLDS AND NEW
IDEAS THROUGH PROGRAMS LIKE
THIS, MADE AVAILABLE FOR
EVERYONE THROUGH CONTRIBUTIONS
TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS
LIKE YOU.
THANK YOU.
WAR IN OUR LIVES AND IN THE >> THE CENTRALITY OF THE CIVIL
AMERICANS, WE WERE ABLE TO TOUCH MEANING OF WHO WE ARE AS
BASED ON THAT. A CHORD, AND THE RESPONSE IS
WAS UTTERLY SHOCKING AND >> THE RESPONSE TO THE CIVIL WAR
PEOPLE WERE TALKING ABOUT IT OVERWHELMING.
>> OF ALL OF KEN'S FILMS, I EVERYWHERE.
REMEMBER THE MOST AND EMBRACE THINK IT'S THE ONE THAT PEOPLE
>> AS SOMEBODY WHO'S DONE THE MOST.
FOR YEARS AND YEARS AND YEARS, HISTORY OF ONE KIND OR ANOTHER
PEOPLE IS JUST A DREAM. TO BE ABLE TO REACH THAT MANY
RATED SERIES IN PUBLIC
WONDERFUL TESTAMENT, I THINK,
JUST TO THE CENTRALITY OF THE
MEANS IN THE LIFE AND SORT OF
INTELLECTUAL HEALTH OF OUR
>> IN THE NEXT HOUR, WE WILL
THAT LITERALLY CHANGED THE WAY
"KEN BURNS: THE CIVIL WAR."
PBS IS CELEBRATING THE 25TH
BRILLIANT FILM "THE CIVIL WAR,"
RESTORATION FROM THE ORIGINAL
IT'S TRULY GLORIOUS TO LOOK AT.
THE INSPIRING BACK STORY OF THIS
WHICH THE WASHINGTON POST SAID,
TELEVISION NOR EVEN JUST GREAT
TELEVISION. THIS IS HEROIC TELEVISION."
CINEMATOGRAPHERS, THE
KEN BURNS HIMSELF ABOUT THE
CREATION, ITS CULTURAL IMPACT,
SUCCESSFUL AND INFLUENTIAL
HISTORY.
AND HIS FILM "THE CIVIL WAR."
10,000 PLACES, FROM VALVERDE,
TENNESSEE, TO ST. ALBANS,
FLORIDA COAST.
FOUGHT IN IT, AND OVER 600,000
IN IT.
HEADQUARTERS, AMERICAN CHURCHES
DYING, AND HUGE FORAGING ARMIES
BURNED AMERICAN TOWNS.
ANOTHER WHOLESALE, HERE IN
AND PEACH ORCHARDS, ALONG
WITH OLD AMERICAN NAMES.
BANKS OF THE TENNESSEE, MORE
PREVIOUS AMERICAN WARS
AT COLD HARBOR, 7,000 AMERICANS
FELL IN 20 MINUTES.
WHAT WE ARE, AND IT OPENED US TO
BAD THINGS.
YOU'RE GOING TO UNDERSTAND THE
CENTURY TO LEARN ABOUT THIS
MID-19TH CENTURY.
BEING, AND IT WAS A HELL OF A
>> I HAD THE PLEASURE OF WORKING
VOICE OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN AND THE
"FOURSCORE AND SEVEN YEARS AGO."
LINCOLN'S GETTYSBURG ADDRESS,
ALWAYS HAD DIFFICULTY CONVEYING
CIVIL WAR.
BEGUN THE FIVE-PLUS-YEAR PROCESS
ITSELF WAS MORE THAN 120 YEARS
FORGOTTEN THE ENORMOUS IMPACT OF
NOT ONLY THE EMANCIPATION OF 4
AND THE RESTORATION OF THE
AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES THAT
ALL OF THE FIRST FILMS THAT I
ACCIDENTALLY THE CIVIL WAR AS A
SO I REALIZED IT WASN'T
UNDERSTAND THAT EVERYTHING IN
AND EVERYTHING SINCE HAS BEEN A
THIS WAS THE CENTRAL EVENT IN
I WAS COMPELLED TO DO SOMETHING.
AND WENT LIKE THIS IS COMPLETELY >> A HUGE LIGHT BULB WENT ON
WHERE IS THE CONTEMPORARY 1980s, UNDERTREATED.
PUBLIC OF THIS EXTRAORDINARY
AND THIS EXTRAORDINARY TREASURE
SO THE KISMET OF IT, I THINK,
HYPER-SENSITIZED TO THE POWER OF
IMPORTANT EVENT IN AMERICAN
RIP VAN WINKLE STYLE FOR A
AND THAT'S WHAT, I THINK, KIND
JUST OBSESSED BY.
OFFICE A QUOTE BY THE THEATER
SAID, "WE ARE LOOKING FOR IDEAS
LARGE ENOUGH TO BE AFRAID OF AGAIN."
CIVIL WAR WAS.
TERRIFYING.
THE SUBJECTS PUT TOGETHER TIMES
BUT HERE WE ARE NOW, 30-AND-A-
ITS 25TH ANNIVERSARY.
CONSECUTIVE NIGHTS IN SEPTEMBER
WAR" REACHED NEARLY 40 MILLION
STILL STANDS TODAY, AND RECEIVED
AWARDS.
"THE CIVIL WAR" STILL HAS
PROBABLY WILL FOR SOME TIME--IS
FRAME OF ACTION TO CONVEY NOT
LIKE TO BE HIT ON THE HEAD BY
SO IT'S ALWAYS ABOUT CONVEYING
ABSORBING THE MEANING OF THE
>> BETWEEN 1861 AND 1865,
AND KILLED EACH OTHER IN GREAT
KIND OF COUNTRY THAT COULD NO
POSSIBLE.
OVER UNION AND STATES' RIGHTS
MEANING OF FREEDOM IN AMERICA.
LINCOLN SAID PERHAPS MORE THAN
"NEW BIRTH OF FREEDOM."
CREATIVE TEAM PIONEERED A
POWERFUL DOCUMENTARY TECHNIQUE
NARRATION WITH FIRST-PERSON
BOTH ACCESSIBLE AND ALIVE.
FILMS WERE PURELY EDUCATIONAL.
TELLING YOU WHAT YOU SHOULD
CHECKED, THAT WAS CALLED
WE HAD ORIGINALLY FELT THAT IF
NARRATOR, THE TRADITIONAL VOICE
JUSTICE TO THE SUBJECT, THAT IT
THAT WAS ONCE AS ALIVE AND
MOMENT IS FOR US, IT WOULD
IT, AND IF YOU COULD SURROUND
FIRST-PERSON VOICES, YOU COULD
YOU'D UNDERSTAND THAT PEOPLE
WAY THAT WE DO NOW.
>> LORENZO STRONG, COMPANY A, 9TH UNITED STATES CAVALRY, SHOT
LEG AMPUTATED ON THE FIELD,
I STAYED AND SAW ALL.
HIM A LITTLE CHLOROFORM.
FANS HIM, FOR IT IS FEARFULLY
HE ASKS TO BE RAISED UP, AND
POSTURE.
HALF-DELIRIOUSLY, ALL DAY.
LIFE EBBS, RUNS NOW WITH THE SPEED OF A MILL RACE.
A CROWD, INCLUDING TWO OR THREE
MANY SOLDIERS HAS SILENTLY
THE STRUGGLE GOES ON AND
LITTLE MORE.
PAINLESSNESS, DEATH.
UNTIL YOU WALK A MILE IN ITS
THAT LEFT YOU BLISTERED AND SORE
WE THOUGHT IT WAS HUGELY
BOMBARDED WITH STATISTICS THAT
THAT THEY WERE REAL HUMAN LIVES
THERE WERE PRIVATES, GRUNTS THAT
BAD FOOD, WHO CAUGHT DISEASES,
THEY WOULD DIE, ALL OF THAT
CAMPS OR SURVIVED THE WAR, AND
ADVENTURE BUT SAW HORRIBLE,
THIS WAS IMPORTANT TO
>> WE LIVE SO MEAN HERE THAT
MEAT STINKS LIKE HELL AND RICE
WORMS AS LONG AS YOUR FINGER.
THE STUFF NOW.
OCCURRENCE FOR A MAN TO FIND THE
SWIMMING WITH WEEVILS AFTER
BUT THEY WERE EASILY SKIMMED OFF
BEHIND.
BEANS AND COLLARDS OFTEN AND
WISH FOR SOME, BUT WISHING DOES NO GOOD.
>> THE IMPACT OF THESE
THE CIVIL WAR INTO OUR HOMES.
PEOPLE WHO SAW IT WITH THEIR OWN
THROUGH THE 11 AND A HALF HOURS
WORDS OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN,
AND ABOLITIONIST AND STATESMAN
HEAR FROM EVERYDAY PEOPLE LIKE
RHODES, PRIVATE SAM WATKINS OF
SOUTH CAROLINA'S MARY CHESTNUT
THESE PERSONAL ACCOUNTS ARE WHAT
AND BROUGHT THE WAR TO LIFE FOR
>> WE HAD BEEN BERATING OUR
THE EXCEPTION OF BARBARA FIELDS
NOT SENDING US ENOUGH
THOSE FIRST-PERSON VOICES THAT
AND THEN ONE DAY, JUST
LETTER FROM ROBERT JOHANSSON
VOLUNTEER BACK HOME TO HIS WIFE
AND I READ IT OUT LOUD, I SAID,
"OH, HERE, YOU KNOW, ROBERT'S GIVEN US SOMETHING ELSE."
I COULD BARELY GET THROUGH IT,
TEARS.
FUNERALS, MEMORIAL SERVICES,
THAT LETTER'S BEEN READ, AND
OBVIOUSLY ABOUT LOVE.
I'VE EVER COME ACROSS.
WAY, IT'S A LOVE OF GOVERNMENT,
IT'S ABOUT LOVE OF CAUSE, ALSO
ABOUT.
ABOUT LOVE OF SPOUSE, IT'S ABOUT
LOVE BETWEEN A MAN AND A WOMAN
THAT.
WHAT LOVE IS, PERHAPS THE
ROUND.
FORTUITOUS PIECES OF HELP AN
GIVEN US, AND I THANK ROBERT
THAT INCREDIBLE GIFT.
BULL RUN, SULLIVAN BALLOU, A
VOLUNTEERS, WROTE HOME TO HIS
>> JULY THE 14TH, 1861,
DEAR SARAH, THE INDICATIONS ARE
IN A FEW DAYS, PERHAPS TOMORROW,
WRITE YOU AGAIN, I FEEL IMPELLED
FALL UNDER YOUR EYE WHEN I AM NO
SARAH, MY LOVE FOR YOU IS
IT SEEMS TO BIND ME WITH MIGHTY
OMNIPOTENCE CAN BREAK.
OVER ME LIKE A STRONG WIND, AND
THOSE CHAINS TO THE BATTLEFIELD.
MOMENTS I HAVE ENJOYED WITH YOU
FEEL MOST DEEPLY GRATEFUL TO
ENJOYED THEM FOR SO LONG.
GIVE THEM UP AND BURN TO ASHES
GOD WILLING, WE MIGHT STILL HAVE
SEE OUR BOYS GROWN UP TO
IF I DO NOT RETURN, MY DEAR
LOVED YOU, NOR THAT WHEN MY LAST
BATTLEFIELD, IT WILL WHISPER
SARAH, DO NOT MOURN ME DEAD.
ME, FOR WE SHALL MEET AGAIN.
WEEK LATER AT THE FIRST BATTLE
OF BULL RUN.
Wisconsin. Taking a brief
retrospective program on
ask you to call PBS War to
of financial support. Thege
of your screen,n the bottom
of hard to imagine thatnd
years since this program
like Sullivan Ballou's that
moving us to to till this
incredible to imagine that
forgotten for decades,
because of the intense work
this program that we have
moved by them in the waybe
history can come alive. I
school, reading from aI in
to be pretty boring. Noty
it's the first person when
photography and thee of
makes history so special
it's because we get support
give us a call right now.
>> Hi, I'm Andrew Carlson,
community engagement team
the Civil War is such aAnd
And it's important to us as
you give when you make aen
Wisconsin, we have someBS
And one of those gifts can
understanding of the Civil
pertains to here init
month level, we have thisa
thank you with. It's called
Long Civil War. It's by the
professor at Marquette
about the sixth Wisconsin
Brigade. And it tells Iron
Wisconsinites who were part
before they before they
And then their storiesar.
to their families. Soback
really deeper look into the
Wisconsin lens that you can
Wisconsin. So at the $15 a
this fantastic hat thatt
the beach and multi-episode
At the $20 a month level,n.
of the Civil War film that
pieces of right now. And
level, you'll get an entire
of Ken Burns films as well
call at 1-800-236-3636. a
a volunteer here at PBSti,
glad to have you joining us
been sitting here watching
about the depth and theking
documentaries bring to life
to bring you theseontinue
your support. You help usut
So if you're not as to life.
to become one. Andrew just
fabulous thank you giftsly
you with. So if if theank
you and maybe someone youto
today, maybe it's at the
it's 20, maybe it's five,
for you. Wherever you're
makes a difference. So give
>> Ken Burns has often been.
program, the Civil Wars
documentaries would not
PBS. And I think you canut
form documentaries likeng
fit the. The model thatsn't
provides. It relies on a
by something other than aed
attention span. It relies
programs like this possible.
me and you heard the that
the beach and multi-episode
it. I'm tearing up over the
words of the documentary.he
This moment is when you get
want the hat. I want the
want to support programs I
1-800-236-3636.S Wisconsin
only supports more filmsot
this one about the Civile
provides support for other
Wisconsin films as well.BS
for that gift if you make a
little bit about the booka
You receive this book, the
a month level, you'll get5
you with that hat that I
pull out of my hands. Heto
says, I like long walks on
history doc. So prettyisode
this PBS blue. It's even in
back, so it's screaming PBS
your love for PBS. And then
we'd love to thank you with
series. And then at the $50
receive the entire American
Burns as well as the hat.
1-800-236-3636.at
benefits to becoming a
and I know we've talked,
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and how you can continue to
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out into the community and
around us. So you're making
in Wisconsin and beyond. We
bring you these incredible
gift. So please consider
that $50 a month level and
that great hat. If you are
you'd like to go from 25 to
like I always say, makes a,
all of us to continue to
give us a call at 800 236,o
>> And when you call that
showing your support for
but you're making ities,
to tell the stories of our
Stories Wisconsin pride,
that? What is that one is
histories, Wisconsin tribal
mean, Wisconsin from theI
One thing that makes met?
Wisconsin is that this
nationally for how to take
and bring them to life for
That's the public in PBS.s.
if what if what you'reyou,
you of all the otherinds
PBS Wisconsin over thed on
1-800-236-3636.a call
storytelling that's really
me as an individual has for
love with history. And when
support these programs with
provide you with some thank
deepen that love for that
know more. Watch more of
remember, at the $12 a So
sixth Wisconsin book givee
We'd love to thank you with
month level, we have that
blue. The. I like longPBS
multi-episode history docs.
your life that would lovein
$20 a month level, you can
series. You're seeing some
not dive in with the entire
month level, and then ata
we'll have that American
love to thank you with.we'd
1-800-236-3636. us a call
of PBS Wisconsin, I think
amazed to be able to have
so that membership acrossr
85,000 members. So aso over
tonight, if you're joining
these history documentaries,
does is so wonderful. Then
if you haven't already. Or
joining us this evening,
you've tuned in to thisime
actually maybe are watching
often because you havemore
whatever that looks like
support you from your to
through adulthood. So keep
us keep it alive and makep
sustainer at whatever level
your family. Give us a call
>> All right, I did it. I
no choice. And I bet youad
life who needs this hat as
Because you also like long
here's the thing. If you're
on the beach, you might as
multi-episode history a
long walk. What else are a
And that's just one of the
telling you about that that
thank you for your support
programs on it. I told you
local documentarybout the
here. Of course, there'sce
the national level as well.
there's American experience.
you know, you're you're at
Tuesday evening, and youn a
blindly. It happens to beof
you were watching last time.
just get sucked in, right?
that is so interesting and,
doesn't happen anywhere
if that resonates with you,
make a pledge of support to
thank you.236-3636 and
CELEBRATION OF "KEN BURNS: THE
CIVIL WAR."
>> NO ONE EVER CALLED HIM BOBBY LEE TO HIS FACE.
OR UNCLE ROBERT.
HE WORKED ALL HIS LIFE TO
WHEN ANGERED, HIS ICY STARE WAS
>> THERE WAS A YOUNG MAN BROUGHT
OF THE RULES.
BROUGHT BEFORE GENERAL LEE FOR AND CAN YOU IMAGINE BEING
YOUNG MAN WAS TREMBLING. HAVING BROKEN THE RULES, AND THE
AFRAID.
AND THE YOUNG MAN SAID, "I KNOW
SCARED OF."
>> THE POWERFUL DOCUMENTARY
PERFECTED IN "THE CIVIL WAR" WAS
MANY WONDERFUL PBS PROGRAMS.
OF EMOTIONAL ARCHAEOLOGY, TRYING
AMERICAN EXPERIENCE, LISTENING
ALMOST INEXPRESSIBLY WISE PAST.
WERE THE HISTORIANS WHO ADVISED
>> WE DIDN'T WANT TO SUBSCRIBE
TO ONE PARTICULAR ACADEMIC FASHION.
NARRATIVE TO TELL STORIES.
POINT, FAIRLY OUT OF FASHION IN
BUT I THINK IT'S THE VESSEL
THOSE DIFFERENT FASHIONS AND
>> HISTORIAN SHELBY FOOTE
CIVIL WAR," AND TO EVERY
RIVETING.
BARE BONES FROM WHICH TRUTH IS
UNTIL YOU LOVE IT."
SYMPATHY, PARADOX AND IRONY, AND
WE SET UP IN HIS LITTLE LIBRARY,
ROLLS, WHICH IS A LOT FOR US.
AND I TURNED TO BUDDY, AND I SAID, "WHAT DO YOU THINK?"
OF BORING."
SOMETHING THAT'S SORT OF
I SAID, "YEAH, BUT YOU'RE THE
GUY WHO THOUGHT SHELBY FOOTE WAS BORING."
I WAS SORT OF TERRIFIED BY THAT,
OF SIT DOWN AND LOOK AT THE
I REALIZE WE'RE SELECTING
AND PRETTY SOON, OUR LONG,
AND I HAD WORKED OUT THAT WERE
QUESTION LENGTH WERE SUDDENLY
"GRANT."
ABOUT U.S. GRANT, AND IT WOULD
>> GRANT THE GENERAL HAS MANY
THAT'S VERY NECESSARY FOR A
HE HAD WHAT THEY CALL "4:00 IN
YOU COULD WAKE HIM UP AT 4:00 IN
THEY HAD JUST TURNED HIS RIGHT
AS A CUCUMBER.
CONCENTRATE, AND A GOOD EXAMPLE
AT HIS DESK BENT OVER WRITING,
ACROSS THE ROOM, A DOCUMENT OR
HE WOULD GET UP AND NEVER GET
GO OVER THERE AND PICK UP THE
HIS DESK AND SIT DOWN WITHOUT
IT'S AN EXAMPLE OF HOW HE COULD
>> IN MANY WAYS, THE FILM TOOK
PATIENCE, THAT WILLINGNESS TO
AN IMAGE, TO PAINT AN IMAGE
ANXIOUS IF THERE'S NOT BIG
THAT YOU'VE GOT A CUT POINT
THE SERIES SO SPECIAL.
WAY OF YELLING.
THE NORTHERN TROOPS MADE A SORT OF HURRAH.
"THE DEEP, GENEROUS, MANLY
THE CONFEDERATES OF COURSE HAD
WE DON'T REALLY KNOW WHAT THAT
ONE NORTHERNER DESCRIBED IT, HE
DESCRIBING THE PECULIAR
YOUR BACKBONE WHEN YOU HEAR IT.
CLAIMED YOU'VE HEARD IT AND
WEREN'T SCARED, THAT MEANS YOU NEVER HEARD IT."
THINK, A SORT OF FOX-HUNT YIP
SQUALL, AND IT WAS USED ON THE
AN OLD CONFEDERATE VETERAN AFTER
MEETING IN TENNESSEE SOMEWHERE
THE LADIES HAD NEVER HEARD IT.
EXCEPT AT A RUN, AND I COULDN'T
FALSE TEETH AND A STOMACH FULL
SO THEY NEVER GET TO HEAR WHAT
>> WE HAD ASSUMED THAT WE WOULD
PARADING THROUGH OUR FILM, BUT
INTERESTED IN FINDING THE MOMENT
COUNTERBALANCED BY THE KIND OF
PROFESSOR BARBARA FIELDS OF THE
DEPARTMENT.
WHAT SHE FELT WAS THE CENTRAL
BURIED IN CIVIL WAR NARRATIVES
BECAUSE OF HER, WE DIDN'T.
MANY TIMES AS SHELBY, SHE HAS
BECAUSE OF THE POWER, THAT SHE'S
NOT INTERESTED IN WEAPONS AND SOLDIERS.
WEAPONS AND SOLDIERS MIGHT HAVE
THIS WAR INTO SOMETHING HIGHER,
MILLION AMERICAN CITIZENS AND
DESCENDANTS.
CIVIL WAR AS A HISTORIC
BATTLEFIELD. PHENOMENON IS NOT ON THE
IT'S NOT ABOUT SOLDIERS EXCEPT
SOLDIERS, AT THAT CRUCIAL
ABOUT SOMETHING HIGHER, ABOUT
ABOUT HUMAN FREEDOM.
FIELDS AND SHELBY FOOTE HELPED
THE CIVIL WAR TO LIFE, BUT
AND REQUIRED A NEW WAY OF
THE BLOODIEST WAR IN AMERICAN
AFTER ALL, MOTION PICTURES
SEIZED UPON THE BRAND-NEW VISUAL
PHOTOGRAPHY.
AT THIS TIME, NOT LONG AFTER THE
CULTURE WHICH IS NOT YET USED TO
TECHNOLOGY AVAILABLE, AND SO
OF THE POLITICAL PROTOCOL TO THEY HAVEN'T EVEN DEVELOPED SORT
AND WHO CAN TAKE PICTURES OF CONTROL HOW AND WHEN AND WHERE
AND SO YOU BOTH HAVE THE THING
AT THE REALITY IT'S SEEING AND
>> IN OCTOBER OF 1862, AT HIS
OPENED AN EXHIBITION OF
OF ANTIETAM."
SEEN IN AMERICA BEFORE.
COME UP TO US VERY RARELY, EVEN
IN DREAMS.
PAPER AT BREAKFAST BUT DISMISS
MR. MATTHEW BRADY HAS DONE
TERRIBLE REALITY AND EARNESTNESS
IF HE HAS NOT BROUGHT BODIES AND
ALONG OUR STREETS, HE HAS DONE
>> THE PHOTOGRAPHY IN "THE CIVIL
RE-PHOTOGRAPHY OF EXISTING STILL
WANT TO DO IS HOLD THEM AT ARM'S
I WAS INTERESTED IN TREATING A
FILMMAKER WOULD--A MASTER SHOT,
OF A ONCE LIVING AND MOVING
AS THAT.
LISTEN TO IT, WHATEVER SOUNDS
MAKING, GET A MASTER SHOT, GET A
CLOSE SHOT, AN EXTREME
REVEAL WHERE YOU BACK UP,
TREAT IT LIKE YOU'RE A FEATURE
IN HOLLYWOOD "COVERAGE."
TALENTS WAS THAT HE KNEW, IF HE >> I THINK ONE OF KEN'S GREAT
INCREDIBLE LAYERING OF SAW A PHOTO AND IT HAD SUCH AN
WAYS TO VISUALIZE THAT TO TELL A
STILL PHOTO AS A LANDSCAPE AND
THOUGH YOU WERE THERE IN THE
>> BY BRINGING YOUR FOCUS BACK
TO THE STILL PHOTOGRAPHS,
THOSE PICTURES OF SOMEBODY ON A
HOLDING A MUSKET OVER THEIR
FACES, YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE
>> THERE'S A PHOTOGRAPH I'M VERY
IT SHOWS THREE CONFEDERATE
GETTYSBURG AND THEY HAVE POSED
RAIL FENCE, AND YOU SEE EXACTLY
DRESSED.
ATTITUDE TOWARD THE CAMERA
AND ONE OF THEM HAS HIS ARMS
PICTURE MADE, BUT HE'S
HE IS.
PICTURE THAT DRAWS ME STRONGLY
AS AN IMAGE OF THE WAR.
APPROACHING THE BATTLES BECAUSE >> I THINK THE HARDEST PART WAS
STORY OF THE WAR, AND ALL OF THE
THE BATTLES BEGAN OR AFTER THE
SO ALL YOU HAD WAS EMPTY
BODIES.
NEW--IT WAS ONLY 22 YEARS OLD AT
BROKE OUT--THE LENSES WERE SLOW,
WERE CUMBERSOME, AND SO DURING
DIFFICULT TO TAKE A CAMERA OUT
ACTION SCENES, AND SO THAT WAS
AND THE WAY THAT WE SOLVED THE
PROBLEM WAS WITH SOUND EFFECTS. (man shouts orders)
WE DISCOVERED THAT IF WE BUILT A
OF GUNSHOTS AND CANNONS AND MEN
PUT THOSE OVER THE EMPTY
THE DEAD, THE AUDIENCE STARTED
HAPPENING AND TAKING PLACE.
>> "THE BALLS WERE WHIZZING SO
"THAT IT LOOKED LIKE A MAN COULD
HOLD OUT A HAT AND CATCH IT FULL."
>> I WAS WITHIN A FEW FEET OF
THE WOUND BY WHICH HE LOST HIS
A TERRIFIC EXPLOSION SEEMED TO
FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER.
DRAWERS AT THE KNEE WERE TORN
SWINGING LOOSE.
COOLLY SMOKING A CIGAR.
HELP MAKE THIS, YOU KNOW, ONCE-
JUST AN ENERGETIC AND EXPLORING
SOUND EFFECTS TRACK, BY PERIOD
THAT THEY PLAYED AT THE TIME,
PLAYED AT THE TIME.
OF WAKING THE DEAD, TO TAKING A
ALIVE.
>> EVERY EVENING FOR A MONTH
SHARPSHOOTER PLAYED HIS CORNET
SIDES STOPPED TO LISTEN.
(music continues)
CIVIL WAR" ON CONTEMPORARY
VISITS TO BATTLEFIELDS SOARED,
BESTSELLERS, EVEN JOHNNY CARSON
MONOLOGUES, AND PRAISE FOLLOWED
FROM EVERYWHERE. THE NEW YORK TIMES SAID THAT
MOST ACCOMPLISHED DOCUMENTARY
THE COLUMNIST GEORGE WILL ADDED,
MADE OF TELEVISION, I HAVE NOT
BETTER UNTIL KEN BURNS TURNS HIS
PRODIGIOUS TALENTS TO HIS NEXT PROJECT."
IN ADDITION TO THE EVOCATIVE
IMMEDIACY OF THE FIRST-PERSON
BREATHTAKING CINEMATOGRAPHY TO
WHERE THE CIVIL WAR WAS FOUGHT.
SMELL THE GRASS AND WONDER AT
WASHED THOSE PEACEFUL
>> AND THE LANDSCAPE WORK IS A
FILMMAKING BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT
YOU'RE ACTUALLY STANDING IN THE
HAPPENED.
IT ALLOWS YOU TO IMAGINE
BECAUSE THAT SPOT HASN'T REALLY
SO REALLY TAKING ALL OF THIS
PIECES, THE LAND, THE LIGHT, THE
VOICES AND WEAVING THEM TOGETHER
>> IN THE END, THE MOST
WAR IS THAT OF THE 4 MILLION
LIVE THE PROMISE OF OUR
"WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE
CREATED EQUAL."
THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
NEWS BECAUSE THEY KNEW BEFORE
ABOUT EMANCIPATION.
PERHAPS LINCOLN DID WITHOUT
CERTAINLY AS MANY PEOPLE TODAY
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION DID
FREEDOM.
GO AND PUT THEIR BODIES ON THE
BELIEVE IN IT.
PROCLAMATION WAS SIGNED, IT
FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT, MAKING IT
SPOTSWOOD RICE, TO RUN FOR UNION
ENLISTING IN THE 67TH REGIMENT
RICE THEN SET ABOUT TRYING TO
ENSLAVED ON PLANTATIONS IN
THIS IS THE BITTER LETTER HE
DAUGHTERS.
TO UNDERSTAND THAT MARY IS MY
CHILD AND SHE IS A GOD GIVEN RIGHT OF MY OWN.
LONG AS YOU CAN, BUT I WANT YOU
THE LONGER YOU KEEP MY CHILD
HAVE TO BURN IN HELL AND THE
I HAVE NO FEARS ABOUT GETTING
THIS WHOLE GOVERNMENT GIVES
YOURSELF.
SPOTSWOOD RICE.
>> Hi, I'm David Hoffert, a
Wisconsin. Taking another
tonight to ask you to make
support to PBS Wisconsin.
bottom of your screen, the
better way to remind you of
than looking back at thisn
by Ken Burns? Of course,War
arguably the definingwas
American history, and this
achievement. I have a quote
Post at the time. This is
nor even just greatision,
television. And if we arec
heroic television, weng
pledge break. Which is why
When you call during this.
doubled. And we are having
this break by. By the time
Burns Civil War, I want ton
here behind Andrew. So can
a call 1-800-236-3636.e us
a member of the communitym
Wisconsin. And when you PBS
Wisconsin this evening, we
you gifts that we'd love to
said it's a heroic pledge
going on. I want to talk a
level, $12 a month. We'vest
some of the Wisconsiniteout
whenever I'm watching a Ken
sometimes in my head I'm
happening in Wisconsin at's
you gift. We'd love to send
into some of thosep dive
part of the Civil War. So
right on page 11. Weook
Wisconsin. It startsf
folks who are joining the
from Milwaukee, Beloit,t
And we're walking through
could learn about with that
love to thank you. Withe'd
we have the hat, $20 anth,
a month, the American Hero0
film and the hat. So give
>> I'm Regina Belotti, a.
Wisconsin, and member
this Ken Burns documentaryt
is what helps sustain his
continue our local work. So
a part of this challenge.e
and give us a call. Your
all of the incredibletain
documentaries we can bring
programing. And all of it
a sustainer, Andrew hasnot
wonderful ways that we can.
member today. So give us a
becoming a member at there
a month level, every bit50
(800) 236-3636.ll us
American as apple pie? I
version. American as PBS.nt
think about it, it kind ofy
generations has been thefor
resource for, for lifelong
history, for exploring our
our history and culture.
country together. PBSis
that for over 70 years. And
time, we've been bringing
among many other pieces ofs,
is a challenge break. Ifis
Wisconsin gives you.
documentaries, this is the
by calling 1-800-236-3636.
this evening about how easy
become a sustainer. And
by making a gift tonight,er
we'd love to thank you with
We've got some fantastic
me talk about at the $12 a
sixth Wisconsin book byat
Wisconsin Perspective to
We've got the hat with the.
walks on the beach andlong
the $20 a month level. We'd
six DVD set. Take home this
the entirety of the series,
level, I want to tell youth
this American Heroes are in
So we've got the American.
film series, which was just
you've seen any of it,
that today, the war about
the Vietnam War, as well as
give us a call today. Make
1-800-236-3636.nation
so easy. And whether you're
checking account or credit
many additional benefits
maybe it's the PBS app or
dive into the Civil War
today that there are 12, I
University Place lectures
War. So if that is whatil
take advantage and become a
level we're talking about
have all of thosew you to
those things that interest
it's not just the Civil War.
can imagine. So if you are
Give us a call at 800 today.
>> And as a reminder, this
you call during this break
money will be doubled.our
You probably can't hear it.
to me, but there's a sound
right now. That is one of
this work. It's gettingg
of Andrew, not because of
but because of all theof me,
bank talking to you. And
talking at the same time,
that's happening becaused
saying, this programing
you are calling in ande of
month, others are giving
$50 a month in getting that
Andrew was telling youthat
means, we would love for
circle. That's where you's
everyone has that ability,
fortunate, it goes a long
making programs like this
is right for you is thent
And what matters most isus.
1-800-236-3636.ight now
really big fan of the Civil
Burns. I remember watching
school classroom. And it's
that's narrative based, and
letters of people sharingal
live during that war. That
history inside of me. And
violin. And you've probably
music I that inspired me to
continue playing that piece
it today so that civil.lay
been really important to my
kind of support that's that
give to PBS Wisconsin. So
monthly gift today? We've
you gifts you're seeing on
call 1-800-236-3636.us a
perfect example of the is a
people's lives all around.n
sustaining member, you help
stories and have thoseose
relay and share with the
you're not a member, become
great time. It's aw is a
hearing those phoneswe are
called us yet, now is thet
favorite benefits inf my
"Airwaves". This monthly
receive. There are greatl
to make sure that you canys
that mean something to you,
documentary, whatever that
a call and become a Give us
visit us online today orn
>> Yeah. Okay. So if if you
before it was a little bitw
That happens whened up.
we're not actually hearingd
studio. It's loud in here,
fantastic. That tells us
means to you. And here's
is no shortage of storiesre
course, he's he's had sof
years. Andrew listedver the
pile of DVDs he has over
The next one he's making is.
Exodus. You know, just a
I'm sure he'll tackle thatr.
joking because that's not
And that's why you want to.
beach and talk about a the
documentary, because you're
PBS Wisconsin. So we're on
think this is low. Thistill
probably about at about 20
we're about halfway there.
by the way, if you call ind
just stay on the line. Asd,
during the challenge break,
most important is that you
three, 636.call one 800 236,
this challenge break, yourg
as far right, which is thee
better time to give. Soo
ways to thank you thisic
level, we've got the bookth
Regiment, again, bringing
to the Civil War at the $15
thank you. With the hat ino
logo on the back and thatS
on the beach andong walks
The $20 a month level.docs.
Take home the entire Civil
level. We've got all ofonth
Burns collection, so give
>> And we'll be headed back
shortly. But don't forget
So make your call now and.
great opportunity. Soally
us or watching us live,ming
you as a member, we aree to
are. So maybe you usee you
know, on Tuesday nights,
watching. Or maybe you're
Passport app, whatever that
here to provide you withs
biggest impact. So I see
go up. Be our next caller
>> All right, here's my
PBS Wisconsin. This is the
broaden your perspective,
to learn about new ideas,es,
you can do that because ofd
together, right? PBS stands
Service. Will you are the
broadcasting? You're what
build this together and we
a time. That's why we'reat
this challenge break. It's
gets us that much closer to
our goal for the week, andd
bring us all together in
Wisconsin can. You are part
part of it yet tonight, now
1-800-236-3636. Go online
doesn't matter how you do
do it. And that time is you
the program.e'll go back to
[MUSIC]ind out.
>> WELCOME BACK TO "KEN BURNS:
THE CIVIL WAR."
THIS AWARD-WINNING FILM AND
THE BLOODIEST BATTLE IN AMERICAN
COURAGE AND HEALING WISDOM OF
APPOMATTOX, AND AT THE TRAGIC
OF OUR HISTORY, THE
LINCOLN.
HELPED US UNDERSTAND THAT THE
THE MEN WHO FOUGHT IN THE WAR
20TH CENTURY.
VETERAN LIVED INTO THE
AND IN THE EARLY PARTS OF THE
OCCASIONS IN WHICH THE FORMER
COMBATANTS REUNITED. (group singing hymn)
ARE STILL, AND THE DEAD SLEEP
AMERICA'S MOST FAMOUS
WITH A ROAD DIVIDING THE BLUE
THERE IS NO OTHER DIVIDING LINE
FROM NORTH AND SOUTH TO MARK THE
ARMAGEDDON.
>> HELLO.
>> HEY.
>> GLAD TO SEE YOU. (laughter)
>> THAT'S THE REBEL YELL.
>> SOLDIERS ALWAYS, EVEN ACROSS
THEIR SIMILARITY.
HUMAN BEINGS HAVEN'T.
CALLED IT "SEEING THE ELEPHANT."
FROM LOSING YOUR VIRGINITY OR
OTHER WONDERFUL RITES OF PASSAGE BEING A PARENT OR ANY OF THE
IN COMBAT IS SOMETHING ELSE, OF OUR LIVES.
JUST TO THE CIVIL WAR, SECOND
BECAUSE WE UNDERSTAND THAT AS
TO CONSTANTLY REMIND PEOPLE THAT
OBLIGATED TO GO INTO IT
BEST MANIFESTATION OF HUMAN
COURAGE--BUT NOT TO DISMISS
AT A LEVEL THAT IS IMPOSSIBLE
COMPREHEND IN OUR DAY-TO-DAY
LIVES. (gunfire and shouting)
MINUTES AGES.
MEN FIRE INTO EACH OTHER'S
THERE ARE BAYONET THRUSTS, SABER
DOWN ON THEIR HANDS AND KNEES,
THROWING OUT THEIR ARMS, GULPING
ARMLESS, HEADLESS.
SEEING THE ELEPHANT, AS KEN
GETTYSBURG.
AMERICAN HISTORY IN WHICH MORE
>> ALMOST A THIRD OF THOSE
THE NORTH SUFFERED 23,000
THE SOUTH, 28,000.
GETTYSBURG NOW HAD TEN TIMES
MEN TO CARE FOR.
HOSPITAL.
HAVE BOOKS LINED WITH BLOOD
PILLOWS, PETTICOATS THAT SOAKED
ON THE FLOOR.
>> GETTYSBURG WAS THE PRICE THE
THAT WAS THE MISTAKE HE MADE,
THE MISTAKE OF ALL MISTAKES.
OFTEN CONSIDERED TO BE THE
FOR THREE DAYS, 150,000 MEN
PENNSYLVANIA COUNTRYSIDE,
LEGENDARY CHARGE AND THE
YET THE WAR WOULDN'T END FOR
MORE BATTLES AND TENS OF
THE BATTLE OF SPOTSYLVANIA
THE BATTLE OF COLD HARBOR--
15,500 CASUALTIES. THE BATTLE OF CEDAR CREEK--
AND THEN THE FINAL BATTLE AND
COURTHOUSE.
LEE ORDERED GORDON TO MAKE ONE
AT DAWN, JUST OUTSIDE APPOMATTOX
FEDERAL CAVALRY FROM THEIR
THE CREST OF A HILL.
WAS ADVANCING, THE ENTIRE UNION
>> THERE IS NOTHING LEFT FOR ME
GRANT.
THOUSAND DEATHS.
ONE OF THE MAIN IMPORTANCES OF
A SENSE OF DEFEAT WHICH NONE OF
YOU'LL SEE IN THE MOVIE
PATTON IS SAYING, "WE AMERICANS
IT'S RATHER AN AMAZING STATEMENT
BECAUSE PATTON'S GRANDFATHER
VIRGINIA, AND HE CERTAINLY LOST
>> APPOMATTOX IS ONE OF THE MOST
AMERICAN HISTORY.
REASONS.
GRANT.
MUST HAVE BEEN STUNNING.
IS WATCHING HIS WORLD DISAPPEAR
MIDDLE-CLASS STRIVER THAT THE
IT'S THE CHANGING OF THE GUARD
SIR WALTER SCOTT IS DEAD.
WRITTEN, AND IT WILL BE BY MARK
>> WHAT GENERAL LEE'S FEELINGS
AS HE WAS A MAN OF MUCH DIGNITY
FEELINGS WERE ENTIRELY CONCEALED
BUT MY OWN FEELINGS WERE SAD
I FELT LIKE ANYTHING RATHER THAN
FOE WHO HAD FOUGHT SO LONG AND
MUCH FOR A CAUSE, THOUGH THAT
WORST FOR WHICH PEOPLE EVER
>> I THINK IT WAS THE
FOR EACH OTHER AND FOR THE
THE NECESSARY INFORMALITY...
AWFUL MOMENT AND FROM GRANT'S
AND YET FOR THE TWO OF THEM, A
IT WAS THE BEGINNING OF THE
>> THE SIMPLEST THING IS, BEFORE
OUR COUNTRY, WE WOULD SAY, "THE
WE SAW OURSELVES AS A UNION, A
AFTER THE CIVIL WAR, WE STARTED
THING, AND WE SAY
UNGRAMMATICALLY, "THE UNITED STATES IS."
ELSE, WAS CHANGE US FROM AN
WAS BASICALLY TRYING TO FIND OUT
AND IT STARTS THAT DAY IN
>> THE TWO MEN SHOOK HANDS
LEE LEFT THE HOUSE, MOUNTED
TOWARD HIS ARMY.
CHEER.
"THE CONFEDERATES ARE NOW OUR
WE DO NOT WANT TO EXULT OVER
THE WAR IS OVER.
AGAIN."
KILLING WAS OVER, AT LEAST UNTIL
WHEN PRESIDENT LINCOLN ATTENDED
THEATER.
AT A NEARBY BAR, THEN RETURNED
HE WAITED FOR THE LAUGHTER TO
THE PRESIDENT'S BOX.
HAND, A DERRINGER PISTOL IN HIS
>> WHEN WE WERE MIXING THE FILM
LINCOLN'S ASSASSINATION--AND
ACROSS FORD'S THEATER TO THE BOX THERE'S THIS VERY SLOW ZOOM IN
SITTING IN. THAT LINCOLN AND MARY WERE
NARRATION, WE LAID DOWN THE
BACKGROUND NOISES OF A COUGH AND
THIS TINNY-SOUNDING VICTORIAN
YOU KNOW, "AUGUSTA, DEAR, BE
AND DONE ALL OF THAT.
AND THEN SOMEBODY TURNED AROUND,
AND I REALIZED WHAT THIS MOMENT
AND LEE PRESSED THE BUTTON STOP,
TO A STOP JUST THE FRAME OR SO
JUST AS THE "MM" OF THE SHOTS
SOUND.
HIM, AND I LOOKED UP AT HIM, AND
WAIT A MINUTE.
LINCOLN YET.
LET'S JUST LET HIM LIVE FOR A FEW SECONDS LONGER."
UP, THEN HE JUST STOPPED FOR A
LET'S CONTINUE."
HISTORY ALIVE HERE AGAIN," HE
CAN'T CHANGE IT."
(gunshot) (slow drum and fife playing)
MUCH OF WHO WE BELIEVE WE ARE IS
SACRIFICE OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
AND TRUTH AND GOOD HUMOR AND
FEEL HIS LOSS WHEN HE IS TAKEN
GREATEST TRIUMPH.
WE'VE BEEN TRYING TO PUT FOR
FOURSCORE AND SEVEN YEARS.
MOMENT OF THE DECLARATION OF
THAT WAS OUR 1.0.
FOR THAT LONG, BUT IT HADN'T
THE GUY WHO WROTE IT, THOMAS
THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL,
"AND NOW WE ARE ENGAGED IN A
SAID, "BECAUSE OF THAT
HYPOCRISY, BECAUSE MOST
TRY TO DEAL WITH THE MONUMENTAL
THE COUNTRY GOES BRAGGING TO THE
WHOLE WORLD ABOUT HUMAN LIBERTIES AND HUMAN RIGHTS."
BASICALLY REDEFINES US.
TOGETHER.
>> ON NOVEMBER 19, 1863, AT THE
MILITARY CEMETERY AT THE
PRESIDENT LINCOLN DELIVERS THE
MEMORABLE WORDS.
>> FOURSCORE AND SEVEN YEARS AGO...
THIS CONTINENT A NEW NATION
DEDICATED TO THE PROPOSITION
NOW WE ARE ENGAGED IN A GREAT
NATION OR ANY NATION SO
LONG ENDURE.
BATTLEFIELD OF THAT WAR.
PORTION OF IT AS A FINAL RESTING
THEIR LIVES THAT THEIR NATION
IT IS ALTOGETHER FITTING AND
BUT IN A LARGER SENSE, WE
CONSECRATE, WE CANNOT HALLOW
THE BRAVE MEN, LIVING AND DEAD
CONSECRATED IT FAR ABOVE OUR
THE WORLD WILL LITTLE NOTE NOR
BUT CAN NEVER FORGET WHAT THEY
IT IS FOR US THE LIVING, RATHER,
UNFINISHED WORK WHICH THEY HAVE
IT IS RATHER FOR US TO BE HERE
REMAINING BEFORE US THAT FROM
INCREASED DEVOTION TO THAT CAUSE
LAST FULL MEASURE OF DEVOTION,
THESE DEAD SHALL NOT HAVE DIED
GOD SHALL HAVE A NEW BIRTH OF
THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE, FOR
FROM THE EARTH.
volunteer here at PBS
to the end of this, looke
War, I'm thinking about the
work has had on ourns's
our past. Through all theof
years in partnership withhe
it's not just a number of
streams. It's something
It's it's the fact that his
more, to read a book, asarn
about that, you can get
financial support or to, to
an article. This iso read
inspires you to go further,
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supporting. Maybe you'reth
Wisconsin. Maybe you're not
you will caller way, I hope
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and that you want to make
in the weeks and months and
call right now.Give us a
I'm a community engagement
Wisconsin. And as David was
feeling inspired. Whenever
it has me craving to dig a
give us a call or visit usu
can find our fantasticg you
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you'll get the sixthl,
the Civil War, but a deept
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are a longtime sustainer or
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great time to join us. We,
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If you're sitting here with.
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what PBS can do to inspire
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watching something that
no matter what it looksfore,
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your support or making that
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>> So perhaps you can tell
has put the three of usram
contemplative mood. So now
time. Think about the time
make one of these programs.
staff as well. Thousands,
hours of research andnds of
then, of course, I mean,
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you get to watch thiss that
it. And that all distillsy
calling one 800 236, three,
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Give us a call right now,
>> And maybe you've already
Maybe you're already a PBS
about the last time youhink
time to renew that the best
to renew that sustainingere
thank you with some ofe to
want to talk a little bit
Heroes DVD collection from
collection of some of his
watching bits and pieces of
this collection, you'do in
American Revolution series.
hour deep dive into the, 12
it's never been told before.
last November. An amazing
The War all about World War
no one else other than Kent
create. That same narrative
really feel for the peopleu
And then lastly, as a parte.
well. So another incredible
that huge series as well.
1-800-236-3636.ll
benefits to becoming a
when you become a member So
$5 a month level or the $50
makes an impact and itft
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tonight and this is your
War with us, I hope thatl
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We have fabulous volunteers
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watch one of these films
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Give us a call and maybeth?
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are so grateful to all ofWe
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These are incredible donors
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CELEBRATION OF "KEN BURNS: THE
CIVIL WAR."
FOR PBS, KEN BURNS HAS TRULY
WE COULDN'T CLOSE THIS TRIBUTE
FAVORITE STORY FROM THE CIVIL
>> IT'S HARD TO PICK ONE STORY. WAR.
FAVORITE KID? IT'S LIKE ASKING WHICH IS YOUR
THIS IS AN EMOTIONAL
IN, AND ONE CAN'T HELP BUT FEEL
EXPERIENCE, NOT AS PASSIVE
PARTICIPANTS IN THE STORY
>> WE SHOUT FOR JOY THAT WE LIVE
FREE FOREVER.
BY ORDINARY SOLDIERS, SOUTH AS
WENT THROUGH.
THEIR MUSKETS HAD HARDLY THE
CLOTHES ALL TATTERED AND
SUNKEN AND LUSTERLESS.
GENERAL LEE TO SAY WHERE THEY
>> BUT, I THINK IN THE END, YOU
WHO WE ARE, SO MUCH OF WHO WE
THE LIFE AND SACRIFICE OF
AND THE KIND OF SENSE OF
COUNTRY WENT INTO AS HIS FUNERAL
FROM WASHINGTON THEN UP THROUGH
AND IN THE SOFT SPRING RAIN IN
INTERRED, THIS IS, PERHAPS, THE
TIME, AND HE SEEMED TO GET US
OURSELVES.
BASE ACTIONS, AND THE CIVIL WAR
AMERICANS, IS STATE'S EVIDENCE
THAT CRUDENESS.
OF PURPOSE AND SOME OF THE MOST
WE HAVE TO REMIND US THAT THE
THAT WILL INVOKE THE BETTER
>> THOUGH PASSION MAY HAVE
BONDS OF AFFECTION.
STRETCHING FROM EVERY
EVERY LIVING HEART AND
LAND, WILL YET SWELL THE CHORUS
TOUCHED, AS SURELY THEY WILL BE,
NATURE.
STILL TALKING ABOUT THE CIVIL
IT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT EVENT
I AM FLABBERGASTED THAT OUR FILM
DOES, AND THAT IT REMAINS THE
TELEVISION HISTORY IS A
NOT JUST TO WHAT WE DID, NOT
CIVIL WAR BUT ALSO WHAT PBS
MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH AND
INTELLECTUAL HEALTH OF OUR COUNTRY.
JOINING ME IN THIS CELEBRATION
BURNS' REMARKABLE FILM "THE
CIVIL WAR."
IDEAS THROUGH PROGRAMS LIKE
THROUGH CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR
PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU.
THANK YOU.
??
You're watching PBS.
??
This prois brought to you
by the combined resources of
the Wisconsin Historical Society
and Wisconsin Public Television.
?
- On Wisconsin Hometown Stories :
A county surrounded by water,
and destined to be a tourism hotspot.
Built up by a vast harvest of trees
and fish.
A county transformed
by cherries,
art,
and land conservation
on Wisconsin Hometown Stories: Door County
?
- Major funding for
Wisconsin Hometown Stories: Door County
is provided in part by
Phillip J. Hendrickson
in memory of his beloved wife, Betsy;
with additional support from
Dwight and Linda Davis Foundation;
Bruce and Grace Frudden,
in honor of ancestor Peter Rowley;
John and Gisela Brogan;
O.C. and Pat Boldt;
John & Nell Herlache Community Impact Fund
and the Education Fund
of the Door County Community Foundation,Inc.;
Annie and Dick Egan
Barb and Mike Madden
CastlePierce;
Friends of Wisconsin Public Television;
and the Wisconsin History Fund,
supported in part
by the National Endowment for the Humanities.
?
- As seen from space, Wisconsin's thumb of land,
Door County,
juts out between Lake Michigan and Green Bay,
part of a rock formation called the Niagara Escarpment.
- The Niagara Escarpment is
about a 1,000-mile long ridge of rock that runs
through Door County,
all the way up into the Upper Peninsula of Michigan,
into Ontario, Canada, and ends around Niagara Falls.
It's actually the rock that Niagara Falls flows over.
And if you look at the rocks here,
you'll see there are these really beautiful,
tall cliffs on the western side of the peninsula.
The cliff is called an escarpment
because it's a steep vertical cliff.
- Glaciers formed the peninsula of Door County
during the last ice age.
- When the ice hit that ridge of rock,
it actually split it into two different lobes
that then actually carved out Lake Michigan and Green Bay
because of the Niagara Escarpment.
- As the glaciers retreated,
Paleo-Indians arrived in the area
now known as Sturgeon Bay, and set up camp sites.
Here, archeologists found spear points and stone tools,
used over 10,000 years ago to hunt and process large game.
Archaeologists also found evidence throughout the county
of many groups and tribes,
drawn for thousands of years,
to the rich hunting and fishing grounds of Door County.
Many of the early European settlers
came to the remote islands north of the peninsula,
taking advantage of waters teeming with fish.
- By 1860, there was close to 200 people on Rock Island,
200 on St. Martin's.
And, of course, the boats were double-enders,
wooden boats, Mackinaw boats.
They were light boats,
a lot of them were made of cedar,
so with a man on each side,
you could pull them right up on any beach, any gravel beach.
And you didn't need a dock, and that was important,
because you wanted to be close to your fishery.
After all, you either rowed or you sailed, not easy.
And especially if there wasn't much wind,
then you rowed, period.
Of course, with the Mackinaw boats,
everything was done by hand, you pulled the nets by hand.
Deadly work, you know.
But that's the history of the fishery.
There was an awful lot of hard work in it.
- Asa Thorp, after a season of making barrels
for the fishermen on Rock Island,
boarded a steamer bound for Green Bay.
- And the captain was sort of telling him his woes
about how difficult it is to run this side of the bay.
There were no villages, there were no docks.
So they would have to anchor, send the men into the shore
and collect driftwood to burn for the steamers.
And the captain said, "If a guy were smart,
this is where he'd put a dock."
- Thorp took the advice, and built a dock,
and eventually a sawmill, at Fish Creek,
to take part in the harvest of the heavy forest
that covered Door County.
- Very, very deep forest; very mature forest.
North, was largely pine; very good pine.
And then they had hemlocks along on the sandy shores.
And in the swamps,
they had the cedar.
And then, they also had maple and birch and tamarack.
A person would buy maybe 2,000 acres
and they would get a sawmill into the area.
And the peninsula of Door County
doesn't have any navigable streams,
so all the logs had to be transported to the shore.
And around the area of Door County,
at one time, there were 60 docks
and there were about 66 sawmills.
- Using the variety of local woods,
local shipbuilders built schooners
to carry the lumber to market.
Many of the boats traveled around the tip of the peninsula,
through Death's Door,
the treacherous passage that gave the county its name.
- When you were going to Chicago,
if you could go through Death's Door,
instead of coming up to the Rock Island passage,
you might save a day of sailing.
And, of course, a lot of these skippers
had great confidence in their own ability.
And it didn't always work out so well,
because that's a very treacherous water.
When you get strong winds,
quite often
the current is into the wind very strong,
and you can't see it.
When you get into the middle of that
and you've got all your sail up
and you're not going ahead, you're in big trouble.
Big ships, 150-footers...
The Resumption went aground on Plum Island.
Beautiful big ships, you know.
There were three of them went aground on Pilot Island
within a couple weeks in one fall.
So there are dozens of shipwrecks
on that Death's Door passage.
- As the loggers moved on,
families began to settle onto the land, and build farms.
- And it was a tough go.
The hardships are beyond our imagination, really.
There were places they could get enough topsoil to plant crops,
and they did-- there was quite a bit of farming up here.
But it was a tough kind of farming.
- First, they had to clear the land,
and then pull the stumps,
and a huge, labor-intensive-- Terrible, you know.
And then when they put the plow in the ground,
all they got was rocks.
(laughing)
- So if you drive through the county, in almost any village,
you will see beautiful, constructed stone fences,
and thrown-together stone fences.
- Those are symbols
of hard-gained cropland.
- As farms developed,
villages grew up around the loading docks.
The settlers built schools, and churches,
and endured long, and often brutal, winters.
- A lot of disease.
A lot of them died of
whooping cough, tuberculosis, plague.
But we owe them a tremendous debt of gratitude,
and we cannot appreciate what they went through
to settle this area.
(fiddle music)
- This is our great grandpa and grandma.
Francois.
That's "Francis" of course, but... Francois Evrard.
And her name was Florentine Patris.
- In 1853,
the first of thousands of Belgian immigrants
began to settle
in southern Door, Brown, and Kewaunee counties.
- And they created
an ethnic island,
here in northeast Wisconsin.
- They were persuaded to settle in the area
by Father Edward Daems,
a Catholic priest who spoke the Belgian language
of Walloon.
- The reason that they all came here was the language.
It was a cultural element
that made it so appealing.
(speaking in Walloon)
- Grandma only talked Walloon, so I still talked with her,
and I'm glad I did.
And my mother and I talked Walloon.
The day she died,
we still had a conversation in Walloon.
- The land had not been settled for good reason.
It was heavily forested,
and it was just a very difficult place to make a living.
But they persevered.
(speaking in Walloon)
- As the Belgians cleared their land,
they also produced wooden shingles
to bring in much-needed cash,
and built a dock to transport goods.
- Years ago, there was a boat
by the name of the Dennessen .
And they'd take their shingles
and a cow, or anything they had, to haul it.
They'd take it down to Green Bay.
They'd put it on the boat,
and then the people,
some people want to come visit their relatives up here.
They'd take the boat and they'd go down over there,
and then, vice versa.
(fire roaring)
- In 1871,
on the same night as the Chicago Fire,
the Great Peshtigo Fire swept up both sides of Green Bay.
A dry forest and high winds
whipped small fires into an inferno,
that spread through the Belgian community.
(horse whinnying frantically)
- Wind came up and ignited all of these small fires
to become one big fire,
and it just kept growing and growing,
and it was like a tornado of fire.
(fire roaring)
- My great grandfather and great grandmother
grabbed woolen blankets,
and they were going down into the well.
And the fire went over them and on the side of them.
And they came out of the well,
and said they looked around,
and all they could see was burned land.
There was nothing--
There was nothing left of what they had worked so hard to do.
- With many killed, and hundreds homeless,
the Belgians slowly began to rebuild their farms
on the rocky, burned over land,
and made the most of the resources that were left.
- Now any forest fire:
it will destroy the foliage, it will char the bark,
but it won't consume the tree.
And so the Belgians spent winters rescuing timber.
And then, a building boom took place here.
Those are log houses.
They covered them with locally-made brick.
Now, we don't have to go to Quebec,
or we don't have to go to Europe
to see classic examples of folk architecture.
It's right here in northeast Wisconsin.
?
- There are small little chapels
dotted along the Belgian countryside here.
It is a practice that was brought from the old country.
- The chapels, in their interior,
have some characteristics.
A alter at the end of the very small room,
and then a number of artifacts on the alter.
Tremendous symmetry.
They were an important part
of the religious fabric of the area.
The Belgians are very religious.
A lot of the life then and a lot of life today
revolves around the local parishes.
- I lived right next door,
so I'd have to come to church...
...a lot.
They'd send me: "Oh, you'd better go to church today."
"It's a good day for you to go to church, or..."
- We were all Catholic.
The Lutheran-- You didn't-- You didn't marry a Luth--
outside your religion.
I know when I was in high school,
my mother didn't even want me to have a friend
that was not Catholic.
As Wisconsinites, we know
that we have a plethora
of ethnic islands here.
But most of them have eroded, and lost their identity.
The Belgians have not.
- I guess the thing of the people staying together,
working together, because they always worked.
The thrashing crew was made up of all your neighbors,
everybody came to help.
No matter what,
you always had people to help, they helped one other.
- We had a bunch of men come over with big poles,
and they put up the barn.
And that night,
the rafters are up, and a big storm came,
and blew it down.
And all the neighbors came over the following day.
They all pitched in, took all the boards apart,
took the nails out of the boards,
and two days after, the barn was back up.
All the neighbors came and helped.
- They worked hard, they played hard.
Good times, dances,
and maybe when there were weddings or funerals--
Funerals were big things, really big things.
Everyone just seemed to be happy around here.
You could visit with people, and...
- The ethnic island that they defined
within the area of northeast Wisconsin
still exists.
They have retained their ties with each other
on this land for that many years.
And that's just remarkable.
volunteer here at PBSert, a
Wisconsin, watching along
Wisconsin Hometown Storiesf
a place that that we allut
state, whether you live
come from out of state to
there's no place quite like
really love about PBS I
would make a documentarye
such a hyper local placeof
many of us. And yet, youso
is not going to make anel
County, right? This is
Wisconsin can do, and it
viewers like you who say, I
this and who call and make
support to vote with their
happen. Please give us a
>> I'm Andrew Carlson, I'm
engagement team here at PBS
for making your gift you
considering giving that
good news. We have someme
this evening. So you're you
probably inspired to learn
history of Door County. the
a month level, you can $10
this Door County Tales book.
stories about shipwrecks,
cherries and the farming of
were brought to Door County.
stories, some quirky fun
the roof that we know. Soon
a month level. Also, at the
choose to take home thecan
Stories, Door County DVD,
highway 42, that iconic of
would make a great gift or
own wall. So those are all
at the $20 a month level.or
gifts as well as we'lle
Lighthouses DVD. So give us
>> I'm Regina Belotti, a
Wisconsin. And as we're
watching alongside of you,
what a special place Doort
and so many of our families.
special place in so many
family traditions. And so
people who holds Doorse
of those places, we're sure
evening's program just ass
you're not a sustainer yet,
it. You are seeing thesedo
and all of the history that
to keep making programsw us
enjoying the history that
give us a call atng you. So
>> Of course, Wisconsin
long running series ands a
the state. We've been to
Stevens Point, Sauk Prairie,
is consistent, as ourthat
the state making theseound
Wisconsinites are proud of
stories. They are eager tor
I'll speak for myself. But
too. I'm eager to hear you,
love learning about every
and how it all knitsr state,
whole that is Wisconsin.ful
possible because you vote
us and you say, I want toll
Wisconsin Hometown Stories.
if that's how you're that's
a call 1-800-236-3636.e us
supporter of PBS Wisconsin
we'd love to thank you.
some fantastic ones thate
at the $10 a month level,y
between that Door County
into the history of Door
County Hometown Stories,or
print. I want to talk as
print. It's reallyout this
watercolor and ink. It's by
And I don't know, I've been.
this road. It's such ariven
County. And anytime you
was talking about theegina
families, taking trips to
this hanging on the walle
conversation starter thatt
about those stories. Whene
when you're rememberingr,
Door County. So it would be
Again, that's at the $10 a
month level. We'd love to
these gifts, and we'llee of
Lighthouses program DVD as
1-800-236-3636.s a call
example of how PBSrfect
history teacher, and weble
learned so much about the
learning more about Door
here to be a classroom that
whenever works for you, and
whatever interests you. So
any of the levels thatner,
there are incredibleight,
access to. PBS. Passport.
to the world, whether it'sw
history or science ornsin
your interest, there'srk
you. So if you are a long
maybe tonight's the night
whatever that looks like to
Every dollar makes anre.
to bring you thisn continue
us a call at (800) 236-3636.
result that you see for a
documentary is of course,s
so much that goes intoe's
And really it, the process
partnership between PBS
communities. Our producers
find the memory keepers.hey
organizations to organizel
bring their their stories,
result is thesend the
this kind of time capsule.
these stories that the rest
otherwise have access to.
Wisconsin Hometown Stories
one of those listening to
what they say. Frankly, the
partnership continues, and
possible because of you.
1-800-236-3636.right now,
you gave a gift to PBSime
programs that you know and
already a sustaining member?
raising that maybe by $5,er
today at any of thesegive
you with some gifts. Soank
level, you have your choice
book, the door, Hometown
You can take home theDVD.
enjoying this evening, the
beautiful artwork, and at
We'd love to thank you with
as the Wisconsints, as well
remember, we've got lots to
give us a call atnight. So
>> What I really love about
Hometown Stories is,nsin
most PBS Wisconsinve about
your curiosity, right?ks
maybe you have more moreent,
before about the Peshtigod
culture. But it's it's an
And that's something that
you know, this this era we
and YouTube videos, it'sd,
that, that, that love ofnd
get on PBS Wisconsin. So if
you, if you value that, now
call 1-800-236-3636. Thank
? you.
?
- In 1872, work began on clearing the land
for a canal
that would connect Sturgeon Bay with Lake Michigan.
The canal would create a big shortcut,
reducing the need to travel around the peninsula,
and through the Death's Door passage.
With the canal, Sturgeon Bay suddenly became
a busy Lake Michigan and Green Bay port.
Schooners would tie together, and split the towing fee,
in what became known as "a big tow."
The shipbuilding and ship repair industries expanded,
and shoreline rock quarries
now had a direct route to Lake Michigan markets.
With easier access, a new industry, tourism,
began to take hold in Sturgeon Bay
and the Green Bay side of the peninsula.
With almost 300 miles of shoreline,
much of it considered worthless for farming,
it was only a matter of time,
before tourists began to discover
the cool breezes and beauty of Door County.
In Fish Creek, dockmaster Asa Thorp,
sold fuel to steamboats,
and also ran a small boardinghouse.
- The lumbermen, the salesmen, anyone that came to the village,
he would put up.
And soon, the people wanted to get off of the ship
when they came into the village.
So as they were taking on new wood,
they would walk up and down the streets,
and people loved how cool it was,
and how lovely this little village, and the air was clean,
and it felt so good...
And soon they started asking Asa
if they couldn't stay in the boarding house.
I think he must have been a very ingenious guy,
and that's the next thing he did.
He built a very fine hotel.
It just seem that that was the way the village was going to go,
and so that the fishing and lumbering village
of the late 1800s quickly became--
By 1905, 1910, people were building hotels.
They were already up.
- Just to the north, in Ephraim,
village residents were amazed when a ship's passenger
inquired about staying in the village overnight.
- And asked the dockmaster if there was someplace to stay.
He was told, "No, there were no hotels."
And he suggested that he might run down
to the Widow Valentine's house,
but he better hurry because the boat was going to leave
and he'd be stuck if she said, "No."
She said, "Yes," and he stayed for a couple of days.
- And other villagers noticed that,
"Wow, this is a source of money."
- That is when tourism became a thought
in the minds of several people.
And after The Advocate published an article--
I believe this is what it said:
Ephraim wants a good hotel,
and tourists would be plenty.
And Fordel Hogenson, who was a Norwegian immigrant,
decided that that would be what he would do.
He was a skilled carpenter,
he was a captain of his own schooner,
he also fished for a living, and made some money,
he also did some lumbering.
Everybody did everything in those days, because they had to.
So he decided that he would add onto his house,
and he added a little more, and a little more,
until finally, he enough space for 80 people.
The bedrooms were minimal, chamber pots under the bed,
but they served three meals a day,
and every meal was wonderful.
- And others were adding onto their houses
and permitting people to come and stay.
- Soon, new hotels began to spring up
all around the peninsula, and Washington Island.
The Goodrich Transportation Company,
began to bring in boatloads of tourists,
running regular routes from Chicago and Milwaukee.
- And they used the large steamship, the Carolina .
And they had sleeping quarters, a big dining room.
It was really a nice ship.
This big Carolina would lumber in to the dock,
and completely overpower the dock.
At the big event, of course,
the captain would blow his siren
coming around the bend,
and villagers would drop what they were doing
and rush down to the dock
and see who was showing up, what they were wearing.
- And everybody would flock down to the dock,
because someone interesting might be on the boat,
or some thing that they had ordered might be on the boat,
and maybe they wanted to ship something out on the boat.
Big excitement when the boats came in.
- But lots of people came.
And they'd stay two to three weeks, a long time.
Some stayed the whole summer.
And they were escaping the summer heat
in Chicago, Milwaukee, and my wife's family's from St. Louis,
and that's why they came up.
It was a place where people could come
and lay back and relax and enjoy nature.
You went on picnics, you fished,
you spent time on the water
doing whatever,
and enjoyed good meals at these hotels.
Those were really good times for those people.
And there were some very wealthy people who came up here.
And by 1921, there were 11 major, old-timey hotels
in Ephraim.
On the American plan, all your meals were provided.
- Three meals a day for a lot of people;
That's a lot of work.
And so, local people had to be hired,
women in particular, who didn't have jobs.
People didn't hire women for anything in those days.
So, people who were known to be good cooks
would be asked if they would help cook for the summer.
Other people would be asked if they could do housekeeping.
So the man of the family would
take care of the outside work,
and the ladies would take care of the inside.
There are some who say the women did it all.
The women really were the heart and soul of these old hotels.
Tillie Valentine ran the Anderson Hotel--
I mean really ran it.
Eugenia Smith at the Eagle Inn-- stern taskmaster.
Serena Olson at the Hillside, Augusta Olson at the Pine Grove.
They managed the place, they were cooks, greeted people,
did the book-keeping, and managed the kitchen,
and managed the help.
It was a big deal.
A lot of money flowed into Door County through tourism,
and still does.
- How wonderful that there is such a thing as a tourist.
It gives all of us a livelihood.
(chuckling)
?
- In 1908, noted landscape architect John Nolen
toured Wisconsin,
in search of the best places to develop state parks.
- In Door County, Nolen and the new State Parks Board
arrived to inspect the land that would eventually become
Peninsula State Park.
The board members were struck by the site's possibilities
for recreation,
and as a place for city people to reconnect with nature.
In his final report, Nolen explained
why Wisconsin should move quickly
to preserve the land for a state park.
- "It is wild, and as yet, unspoiled,
"with alternating interests of woodland and cliff,
"bay and land.
"It sweeps from point to point--
"here a beach of fine sand,
"there of gravel.
"Then, in contrast, precipitous limestone bluffs,
"rising to a height of a hundred feet or more.
"Almost at each step, a new vista is opened,
"a new composition afforded.
"The vegetation is rich, and varied.
"Extensive forests cover large tracts.
"With the purest of air,
"laden with the fragrance of balsam and pine,
"it is no exaggeration to say
"that the broad beauty of the scenery
"is not surpassed in Wisconsin."
(bird calling)
- Jens Jensen,
another nationally-known landscape architect,
also made his mark on Door County.
After a long career
as superintendent and designer of Chicago parks,
and as a landscape designer for wealthy clients,
Jensen retreated to Ellison Bay, in northern Door County,
to start a folk school he called, "The Clearing."
- He intended it to be a clearing of the mind,
a place where things would become clear to you
out in nature.
He wanted a place...
He called it, "On the edge of the wild... somewhere,
"high up on a hill or a bluff,
"with a view of a large expanse of water,
"with a setting sun."
He felt people had to be out in nature
in order to be human.
People need this, in an increasingly urbanizing society,
they get removed from it, and we still need this.
He was passionate, and he was a visionary.
He envisioned that whole corridor from the Indiana border
all the way up past Milwaukee as being one large city someday,
and we need to preserve some areas as wild areas.
But he wanted people to be out in them, using them.
- As Jensen continued building "The Clearing,"
another call for preservation began in Bailey's Harbor.
In 1924, Albert Fuller,
a botanist for the Milwaukee Public Museum,
visited the Range Light lighthouse station
outside of Bailey's Harbor.
- He had gotten reports of rare orchids in that area.
Fuller was astonished by what he found.
The forty acres of land on the lighthouse property
teemed with an astounding array
of wild orchids and other rare plants.
- He came up with 25 of the 40 native orchids of Wisconsin
right here on the original 40 acres.
He really knew this was something special.
- Over time, the waves and currents of Lake Michigan
had formed a series of ridges of land.
- And in between are these unique wetlands called swales.
And depending on the soil type
and the hydrology and the vegetation,
they can be open like this one, like a sedge meadow,
or they can be a bog.
And that's what makes it so unique,
is that in this small area,
you've got one plant community,
then another plant community in the swale,
and then could be a totally different plant community on the next ridge.
And so the geological formations with the ridges and swales
has created this unique setting
for a lot of different flora and fauna.
- During the Great Depression of the 1930s,
the coast guard turned over
the forty acres of land surrounding the Range Lights
to the county.
- And up came the idea:
let's make a campground out of the ridges.
And they were going to build a road,
and they brushed it, they cleared it out,
and one by one,
people began objecting to what they were seeing.
And probably the loudest objector was Emma Toft.
She hated what they were doing.
The story, which was concocted about her
standing or sitting in front of the bulldozers was not true,
but she said,
"It made a good point.
"I would've done it if I had to." [chuckling]
- And Albert Fuller got wind of that,
and started this real grass-roots movement
to protect the 40 acres.
He started to work with a lot of the local people
like Jens Jensen, who had started "The Clearing."
Through the Bailey's Harbor Woman's Club,
they started to have these meetings,
and Albert Fuller would come in and present.
"Don't develop this area.
"It's very unique with its orchids, its diversity,
"and preserve it,
"and make it a destination
"that people can come in and appreciate it."
- In a way, he was pleading with them:
This place is special,
needs preserving.
And they listened to him.
- On October 4th, 1937
The Ridges started,
filed articles of incorporation,
and worked with the Door County Parks Committee
to protect the original 40 acres.
- The volunteer group quickly began a campaign
to purchase a buffer of land around the 40 acres,
inspiring future preservation efforts
in Door County, and beyond...
- That vision that they had created a real ripple effect.
- It was one of the first of its kind.
Quite a few groups used The Ridges
as the model to copy from.
- Emma Toft went on to become a conservation legend
for her decades of work at The Ridges,
and her relentless efforts
to preserve her family's old growth forest land.
Jens Jensen went on to lead an effort to locate and purchase
wild land in Door County, to be preserved as county parks.
- So, we have these special parks in Door County,
that are kind of wild.
Ellison Bluff,
up the road a bit is Door Bluff Headlands County Park.
Cave Point, down by Whitefish Dunes, is another one.
- Albert Fuller went on
to join Aldo Leopold and other UW-Madison biologists
to start what would become the State Natural Areas program,
protecting Wisconsin's endangered landscapes.
- He took this idea that was started in Bailey's Harbor
to protect land for its natural beauty,
but also to start preserving land for flora and fauna,
and they've protected
well over 350,000 acres throughout Wisconsin.
(waves lapping, bird chirping)
?
- In the 1860s, Door County farmer Joseph Zettel
began planting apple trees,
and after 30 years, he and his family ran
what was then the largest orchard in Wisconsin.
In his decades of growing apples,
Zettel never lost a crop to spring frost,
due to the effect of Lake Michigan and Green Bay,
on the local climate.
His fruit-growing success
attracted the attention of Emmett Goff,
professor of horticulture at UW-Madison,
and Arthur Hatch,
a fruit-grower from Richland Center.
They set up an experimental fruit farm,
near Sturgeon Bay,
and word soon spread of their success in growing cherries.
- My grandfather got interested in some of the trees
that were planted down near Sturgeon Bay
about 130 years ago.
He made the three day trip down to Sturgeon Bay
to see those trees.
He came back all enthused about the possibility
of raising cherries up here in northern Door County.
He ordered 700 trees.
- Of course, farmers were looking for something else to do
besides milk cows and the things that they were doing.
The farms around our neighborhood,
some had five acres, some had ten acres.
Just a little orchard back in the corner somewhere.
And they had then
a product that they could sell at a roadside stand.
Years ago, it wasn't uncommon for people to trade at a store.
I'll have some cherries,
and maybe I can buy some oatmeal or something with it.
One of the first ways of marketing, of course, was pick your own.
Where a family would come up on a Sunday with their car
and pick cherries, take them back home,
and they'd can them, preserve them.
Jam and jelly.
Of course, you have to take the pits out,
but they found ways of doing that.
Hair pins work for that, in case you want to try it.
Cherries are prone to diseases.
There was bugs that would get in cherries.
The first fungicide to use:
blue vitriol or copper sulfate.
That was something that you would mix in with water,
along with hydrate lime and arsenate of lead.
You'd stand on top of the sprayer,
and as the team of horses pull that thing down the row,
you would stand up there and spray the cherries.
Of course, the thing would blow back on the guy
that was doing the spraying.
He was as blue as the cherry trees were, when they got done.
Everything was blue from the blue vitriol.
Suddenly, there were a couple of people,
a Reynolds and a Martin Orchard Company,
that decided to go into it big time.
Finally, the Martin Orchard Company
got to be 1,000 acres.
As the market developed
it occurred to somebody,
maybe we ought to try to commercially can these things.
They used to take the cherries into the factory
and they'd go on a belt.
They'd have people sitting along this belt that
would pick out the bad cherries, pick out the stems, leaves.
Then they go through the pitters.
The little thing goes down and pokes the pit out.
I remember as a youngster, we'd go to the factory
and then we'd have to wait to get unloaded.
The line would be a bend a half a mile long or something.
Waiting, and you'd get all the news
in the neighborhood, and all this sort of thing.
These boxes of cherries, they held four pails.
We had two boys.
They'd get on the truck
and they would unload the boxes for you.
One guy would pick up the box on the truck
and throw it to the guy that dumps it in the tank.
He'd take the box and throw it to the guy
that stack it back on the truck again.
There was a box in the air all the time.
The boxes weighed 50 pounds a piece
and they could go through 100 boxes in no time.
One of the interesting parts of it was
how are you going to get these devils picked
once you got them on the tree?
It gets to be a big job picking the cherries off.
It was a great opportunity for the neighbor kids
to come over and pick cherries
and get paid so much for a ten pound pail.
Not only that,
but families would come and pick for just money.
One guy told me one time
that the family would pick cherries
and it bought the coal for the winter.
Finally, it got to the point where
even the local people weren't enough to pick the cherries.
I remember having the Indian families coming from Oneida
and so many areas west of here.
Horseshoe Bay Farms
needed about a hundred people for three weeks.
So what they did is they started
the concept of a cherry camp.
They recruited 13- to 17-year old young boys
to come here to pick cherries.
They promoted it as coming to a camp.
You had to pick your room and board
every single day,
which was seven pails of cherries.
They had baseball fields.
They had boats and canoes.
They had a swimming beach.
The big attraction of cherry camp to the kids was
the camp counselors were Green Bay Packers.
- The Mexican families used to travel
from one end of the country to the other.
They'd start in Texas and they'd follow the crops up.
They'd work in the sugar beets.
Then they'd go and work in strawberries.
Then they'd end up in cherries. Then they'd head back to Texas.
The whole family was out picking cherries.
Little kids were climbing up in the trees.
The whole family--
They would actually look at this as being
a pretty important opportunity for them to make some money.
Well that went along
until the war came along, World War II.
The local people were gone, the people were gone to war.
A lot of people were busy: war plants, and this sort of thing.
One of the first things that happened:
we had people from Jamaica,
Jamaicans picking cherries.
Probably one of the most interesting groups
we had picking cherries was
German World War II prisoners.
These were German troops in Rommel's army
that got captured in North Africa.
We had camps that had the prisoners in them.
- Back in the early fifties, and so on,
was really the heyday of the cherry industry
here in Door County.
There were 700 growers growing cherries
here in Door County at that time.
We'd raise up to 50 million pounds in Door County.
12,000 migrants would come into the county
to harvest that fruit by hand.
- So, the place kind of got to be known as Cherryland.
We had the Cherry Blossom Festival.
People would drive up from all over,
drive around the country
and look at the beautiful cherry blossoms.
The whole county was white.
Then there was the Cherry Blossom Queen.
Then we had Cherryland Festival
where there would be a celebration, come to Cherryland.
We had a Cherryland airport.
The Cherry Road out at Sturgeon Bay heading north,
the whole road was lined with cherry growers.
Door County was Cherryland.
It was! It was Cherryland.
It was an industry.
It really kept people busy.
volunteer here at PBS, a
Wisconsin. Watching along
Hometown Stories Door
the fact that these about
depth to your knowledge ofh
nuance. If we were doingh
Door County and like,me of
you think of? You know, It
be on the board somewhere
the board. But I bet the on
vacation or tourism, right?
segment how, of course,
case that that started at a
story of the folks beingat
wanted to stay overnight.
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>> When I did my.hank you.
? [MUSIC]
?
After World War I,
dozens of returning veterans received federal funding
to study art at the Art Institute of Chicago.
Two of their professors,
Frederick DeForest Schook and Frederick Victor Poole,
decided to start a summer school
for the veterans,
in Bailey's Harbor.
- There were a number of World War I veterans that came.
First they stayed in tents.
Then later, some of the doughboys
stayed at a hotel that was right nearby.
They would go around an paint.
They would paint scenes looking out from the bluff tops,
looking out over the lake.
They would paint the old buildings,
and some of the interesting elderly people
that lived in Door County.
But they would go out in the field a lot
because of the area's scenic beauty.
It was great for artists, still is.
They were quite a group.
They would come in to town and go to the dances
at Washebek's Hall,
where there usually was a polka band.
And they were active in the parades,
which were traditional during the 4th of July
at Bailey's Harbor.
They would have dances with some of the local gals,
and they would dress up in various costumes.
- Both professors, Schook and Poole,
built cottages in Bailey's Harbor,
and became among the first of many artists
to make the move to Door County.
?
As improved transportation
brought more visitors to Door County,
it also brought about a need for more things to do.
- There wasn't very much to do.
In fact, we used to laugh about,
"What in the world would people do in the summer
"if they didn't like sitting on a rocking chair
"on the front porch and looking at the water?"
- In 1935, the sister and brother team
of Caroline and Richard Fisher
started the Peninsula Players,
producing plays in the garden behind a Fish Creek cottage.
- They felt people were interested,
they had an audience and it was coming,
so that when the Wildwood Camp for Boys came for sale,
they purchased it.
- The camp would provide housing for the actors and crew,
and space to build a stage, designed by C.R. Fisher,
Caroline and Richard's father.
- And the first acting company got out wheelbarrows, axes,
and helped the tradesmen build and set up
the first stage house that we had here.
"Mama Fisher"... Lydia Fisher
was a graduate of the Pratt School of Design,
and actually designed most of the costumes that
the Peninsula Players produced for most of the first decades.
When Caroline and Richard started,
they worked as a team in selecting the casts
and the company members.
They were producing ten shows a summer,
one a week.
Caroline could convince people to donate things.
She'd knock on the doors and say,
"Can I borrow that sofa or that painting?"
And people would do that.
Caroline was really the heart and the energy of the players,
and what kept Peninsula Players thriving for so many years.
?
- In Sturgeon Bay, the late Gerhard Miller
developed his skills as a painter,
while at the same time,
running his family's clothing store.
I'd call myself 'one of the local yokels,'
'cause I think I've sold clean underwear and socks
to almost every man in Door County.
I was expected to go into the clothing store
and continue on with it.
I went in in 1927
and I was in it until 1959.
And I was painting all the time.
It was a dual career at that time.
And it was a lot of work,
because I had to get up early in the morning and paint,
and then I'd come home at noon and grab a sandwich,
paint until I had to go back to work,
and then I'd paint in the evening.
My type of painting is in the field of imaginative realism.
For instance, one of the subjects
in one of the reproductions we have
is of a buggy in front of an old weathered barn.
Actually, the buggy was from up near Sister Bay,
the barn was from down in the southern part of the county,
but you put the two of them together,
you're creating the picture.
You're not taking a photograph.
- After decades of disciplined effort,
Miller began to sell enough of his paintings
to make a living.
He opened a gallery, and inspired other artists
to make the move to Door County.
- There was a time when I had the only gallery in Door County.
I think he became the major artist
of his time in this area.
- I was drawn to this place in part by Gerhard Miller,
because he was working in a vocabulary
that I understood and appreciated,
and which I enjoyed painting in.
So I figured there was a career potential for me here,
and that proved to be the case.
So it was beginning to evolve into an art community,
though it was the place I think that drew us.
The closeness to nature,
living really in nature,
is very important to me, almost indispensable.
And I'm also very interested in history,
Fortunately, I had at the bottom of the hill
Anderson's dock.
Schooners coming in and out was an endless subject for me.
?
- In the 1960s,
artists exploring new approaches to modern art,
found a home at the Peninsula School of Arts,
started and built by Chicago artist
Madeline Tourtelot.
- Madeline took it upon herself to found this school
and bring a group of artists in residence here
starting in 1965.
- Adopted by a wealthy aunt, who nurtured her artistic talents,
Tourtelot was free to dedicate her life to art.
- She had a lifetime connection to the Art Institute in Chicago.
She was able to travel to Paris.
But her family had a home in Ephraim,
so she had this ongoing connection
throughout her life to Door County.
- Brimming with ability,
Tourtelot achieved success in many art forms,
including music and painting,
designing screen prints on fabric,
as well as photography and experimental filmmaking.
- Some of the younger artists that she brought in
in the late 60s and early 70s were abstract artists,
they were experimental artists,
they were large-scale sculptors. (welding rod arcing)
And she encouraged experimentation and exploration.
That was very much part of the philosophy of the time.
And so, it brought the outside world
into Door County.
- And she was an outsider, but people accepted her
even though
she had platinum blonde hair,
shapely figure,
drove a Jaguar with the top down,
and her platinum hair flowing in the wind...
...and maybe a scarf.
- Madeline's mission was to
foster an appreciation for the arts,
as well as to provide access to education in the arts.
So, right from the beginning,
it didn't matter whether you were three years old
or 60 years old,
there was a place hare at the school for you,
and so we began by teaching children's classes,
weekly kids' classes.
- She found more creative energy
from collecting these creative souls around her,
and that fed her creativity,
and in turn, it fed their creativity.
- She loved to have dinner parties.
Her delight was
in bringing disparate groups of people
who she...
...she sensed a thread among them.
So there would be scientists, and musicians
and writers and painters.
She would put us all together in a room,
and then make these beautiful dinners.
And the conversations
were so enlivening,
and the things that it would lead to, and...
She was fabulous, and I credit her,
in my lifetime, with being the spark
helping to make Door County
an authentically creative place.
?
(waves crashing)
- By the 1970s,
Door County's traditional way of life
would undergo big changes.
- There was over 400 fishermen at the turn of the 20th century,
and it stayed that way until about the 1950s,
and then it slowly started to decline
due to invasive species entering the Great Lakes.
It's just something that's
just a mere shadow of what it once was.
You've got maybe a handful of fishermen left,
maybe five in Door County, compared to 400.
It was the main industry at one time,
surpassing logging and farming,
and it just managed to be part of the essence of Door County.
- In 1969, National Geographic magazine featured Door County
in an article called
"A Kingdom So Delicious."
- And, of course, with a distribution
of National Geographic , it got the word out on
what a beautiful and wonderful retreat Door County was.
- "A Kingdom So Delicious?"
Wow.
That brought a lot of people to this kingdom.
- That seemed to open the floodgates for tourism.
- It just brought out
all of the attributes of the county,
and emphasized them and it--
Well, if I were a developer, that's where I would have gone
right then, is to Door County.
- And there was no effective zoning, no land use plan,
nothing in place to stifle
all this new development.
- At the same time, Manitowoc Shipbuilding
bought two Sturgeon Bay shipyards.
The new Bay Shipbuilding Corporation
created hundreds of jobs,
building freighters and other Great Lakes ships.
With thousands of new year-round residents,
and tens of thousands more tourists,
local governments began to consider controlling growth,
through land use planning and zoning laws.
- And we've grown so fast the last seven years,
that we're going to stop
and take a good hard look
at the progress we've made,
and evaluate the things that have been accomplished,
and then, do more planning for the future.
- To provide a blueprint
of lands needing protection from development,
UW-Madison ecologist Jim Zimmerman, and his wife Libby,
began an inventory
of the vegetation and ecosystems of Door County.
- And he knew everything,
it seemed, about the outdoors.
He knew every plant and every tree.
- Unbelievable, that he was able to identify
the areas that were
ecologically very significant.
Unbelievable!
I don't think there was another person in the world,
other than Jim Zimmerman, who could do that.
That really required a knowledge and a discipline
and a dedication to do that.
And probably, his greatest single achievement
was he developed
a map of Door County
identifying all the places that were environmentally important.
- We assembled them into township-size maps.
- People could look at those maps
and see exactly where they lived,
and what their particular area was like,
if it was bordering on a wetland, and so forth,
and it made them aware of what was going on
in their own community, and what needed to be protected.
- We had several meetings with
'Jim Zim,' as we called him, as a presenter.
And there was always a full crowd.
I think Jim was aware that nothing is forever,
that things are changing,
and once they're gone, they're gone forever.
- A new awareness of lands needing protection
led to the formation of the Door County Land Trust,
a local group that now protects
over 7,000 acres
of sensitive and scenic lands.
[bird call]
In spite of all the changes,
Door County continues to rely upon
many of the same resources
as generations in the past.
And the county's setting and history
continue to provide a lasting identity.
Villages still face the water,
built on the sacrifices of the pioneers.
The draw to the land,
and the connection to the water
continue as they always have.
(children chattering excitedly)
Door County remains a place
to restore the connection with nature.
- We can put him in by the grasshoppers.
He'll be fine.
- The great diversity of the land,
with many of its wild places now protected,
will endure for generations to come.
?
The landscape still inspires artists of all kinds,
and the artists, in turn, create another landscape,
of art.
And the arts continue to flourish,
one thing leading to another,
kept afloat by local support.
Not on the way to anywhere else,
Door County remains a destination,
a getaway,
and a place for fun.
(cheers and laughter)
But constant through it all,
is the beauty
that defines Door County.
?
(birds chirping, boat brushing against dock)
volunteer here at PBSert, a
Wisconsin, and I hope
Wisconsin Hometown Stories
have. You perhaps came in
a bit about Door County,te
knowing just a little bit
think about it, that's why
Whether it's because you
in advance and picked out a
settling in for the night,
turning on PBS Wisconsin,
possibly watch? What you
What I value about PBSsin?
you watch, you just you're
more deeply to the world
means something to you, if
and feels valuable to you,
now is that you give us a
financial support. The of
bottom of your screen, one
six, three six.ix, three,
gift of support this that
Wisconsin, we have some
And these gifts, thesek you.
opportunity to dive, to
into this door. Countyer
County as well as some Door
about them. So at the $10 a
choice of this book, Door
shipwrecks, cherries ands,
take a closer look at the
photos in here from theg
history diving a little bit
month level, you can takea
Stories Door County, the
that you're enjoying right
level. This print by James
that iconic curvy road at
We'll thank you with all of
add in the Wisconsinll also
that's at $20 a month. So
1-800-236-3636.
volunteer here with PBSa
Stories is an incredible
state of Wisconsin. And wee
coming up soon in Hometown
so many people will be know
you know, David talked. And,
that's something that PBS
one else can. The programs
you into these localat take
build that connection and
corners of the state that
about. So if you're not a
you're enjoying tonight's
Visit us online. a call.
really wonderful group of a
to take your call. You can
(800) 236-3636.
the program, we wereent of
arts culture in Door County,
think there was a quote. I
authentically creative
quote. And honestly, you
PBS Wisconsin, right?f is
programing or the dramas or
history programing, PBSe
to kind of encapsulate what
Wisconsin programsBS
else on television, it's
curiosity, and having aing
love that idea, and I love
that idea. I love that PBSs
idea, and I hope thatthat
that Wisconsin idea, if you
363, 636.calling one (800)2
community of folksin this
don't forget that. We'dn,
evening. So we've got at
we've got the Door County
Wisconsin Hometown Stories
instead of the book, or you
James Dino. That curvy road,
Jens Jensen Road. I found
fantastic. Also, at the $20
thank you with all of these
lighthouse DVD. And now
can give tonight. Now I'mou
some fantastic volunteers.h
them. You've been seeingt
your call this evening. So
1-800-236-3636. You can
online, so visitgifts
donate. You can see all of
you can choose them. Soere
1-800-236-3636.
sustaining gifts. We knowt
sustaining gifts have on
not the only way to give.
donor doesn't work for you,
your IRA with a qualified
There are so many ways that
priorities, and we hoper
that you've enjoyed. I hope
have explored Door County.
sustainer is probably one
support PBS Wisconsin. Asto
really great ways to thank
you gifts make amazinghank
you love to maybe thoseat
Door County with everyt
(800)2 32363636.us a call
aware that the last couple
challenging time for public
And here at PBS Wisconsin,
shortfall of severaling a
federal funding went away.
actually turned out to be a
history of PBS Wisconsin,
really big way. And it in a
was true and was true. Itd
the largest source ofthat
was individual viewers like
true. And you reallyen more
gap. And and if you weren't
a great time to join thatis
part of that, maybe you're
increase your monthlyan
in order to sustain thears
built together. We all need
and I hope that you'll bet,
1-800-236-3636.hen you call
perfect time to give, and
And when we hear from you,.
thank you with some of to
a month level, remember you
County Tales book, theor
Door County DVD, thetories
with us tonight, or the art
$20 a month level. We'dthe
three of these gifts, asll
Lighthouses program. I said
of my favorite PBSs is one
productions. We've got the
front, one of the mosthe
right there in Door County.
about that lighthouse, Iore
Eagle Bluff Lighthouse,
in Door County. Somethouse
family that ran that light
at the $20 a month level.
to our gifts to you. SoVD
1-800-236-3636.
at the heart of PBS lives
and our incredible group of
members of over 85,000ty
If you are not one of these
sustainer, I hope you'll
join us. Where else can you
programing that helps youl
County and tells theseDoor
people who were here before
have been supporters of PBS
turn. Give us a call. your
It makes such a difference.
pbswisconsin.org or again,
group of volunteers whol
as you do. So call themuch
>> You know, it takes a36.
program like Wisconsine a
County. It takes ther
who showed up with their
photographs and, and their
the major funders that wees
beginning of each program.
have the intro to the you
the list of funders and you
know what? Next time, don't
that list because those to
giving their support tond
know, who else is part of
the individual members ofl
giving whatever amount they
$100 a month. That's alsoth,
like this possible. Itm
program like Hometownmake a
community to make PBS
please be the public inso
call if you haven't already,
your support.6. Thanks for
call if you haven't already, ?
- Major funding for
Wisconsin Hometown Stories: Door County
is provided in part by
Phillip J. Hendrickson
in memory of his beloved wife, Betsy;
with additional support from
Dwight and Linda Davis Foundation;
Bruce and Grace Frudden,
in honor of ancestor Peter Rowley;
John and Gisela Brogan;
O.C. and Pat Boldt;
John & Nell Herlache Community Impact Fund
and the Education Fund
of the Door County Community Foundation,Inc.;
Annie and Dick Egan
Barb and Mike Madden
CastlePierce;
Friends of Wisconsin Public Television;
and the Wisconsin History Fund,
supported in part
by the National Endowment for the Humanities.