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HER DAUGHTER DEFERRED.
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OLS, AND
CANNOT
AFFORD PRIVATE ER
DAUGHTER
HAS BEEN ABLE TO STUDY
FOR THREE >> SHE CRIES
EVERY DAY AND ASKED
SCHOOL. HER THAT SOON
THE UNITED STATES, WILL
CONTINUE YOUR AMERICAN SCHOOL.
I DO NOT
KNOW HOW TO EXPLAIN
TO MY PROMISES.
OT HAVE ANY ANSWER NICK:
THE IDEA THAT
THE UNITED NG GET
PEOPLE TO
ERED OF PROTECTION,
THEY WERE IN
PAKISTAN, LOWED TO EXIST
THERE, AND NOW
THE PAKISTANI HAS AT
NO, YOU HAVE
OUT BY MARCH 31, UNLESS
THE UNITED
STATES PICKS UP
AGAIN. SEAN IS THE CHAIRMAN OF
AN E BACK
, A COALITION
THAT BY
THE ADMINISTRATION TO RESETTLE
AFGHANS TO WORK WITH THE U.S.
>> EVERYONE
OF THESE PEOPLE
IS STOOD
UP FOR SE OF
DID , OR
SOMETHING IMMEDIATE
NICK: MANY IMMEDIATE FAMILIES
BEEN SEPARATED,
WAITING FOR
THEY FEAR MAY
NEVER COME,
INCLUDING AN AFGHAN WOMAN
. MILITARY FAMILY
OF 4,
2
SON, HAS
CUT. >> W
E ENTERED
THE AIRPORT AUGUST
WAS TWO DAYS AFTER THE
KABUL. THEY
TOLD US WE DON''T NEED TO
HT IT
WAS HARD FOR
ME TO BELIEVE
NOT OTHER
I COULD NOT LEAVE
MY BABY,
EEDING AT
THE KABUL AIRPORT,
SHE WAS NO
LONGER ABLE TO
TH OLD WHEN
THEY SO
MY BABY AND SAW
NO SHOES AND
N, THEY
FORCED TRAIN,
ESSENTIALLY THER
KIDS. EVERY
TIME, THEY
WILL BE
REUNITED WITH ME AS SOON AS
. OUR
YEARS, AND NOW I AM STRUGGLING
WITH MY
ALMOST
HE UNDERWENT SURGERY BECAUSE HE HAD A
TUMOR ,
AND FOR ME, IT IS HARD
, BECAUSE MY YOUNGEST
SON HERE
AND BEING WORRIED
ABOUT MY
PAKISTAN,
AND
IN THE
MIDDLE OF THAT SUCCULENT
!!!! SACRIFICE,
THE
NOW THE SACRIFICE FEELS RMOUNTABLE.
I''M MOURNING THE
DEATH OF MY
F MY TWO KIDS,
STRUGGLING WITH A BABY ALONE WITHOUT ANY
SUPPORT
IS JUST AN AWFUL SITUATION.
I REGRET WORKING WITH UNITED
STATES GOVERNMENT.
AN ALLY
ABANDONED, AN
FO
R THE PBS NEWS HOUR, I''M NICK
SCHIFRIN.
AMNA: IN JUDY WOODRUFF''S
PREVIOUS REPORT, A
POLITICAL CITED
STRENGTHENING 'S DEMOCRACY WOULD
IN PLACES
FAR FROM
WASHINGTON, GRASSROOTS EFFORTS
E STEPPING UP IN THEIR COMMUNITY.
NOW, SHE VISITS A
DOWN BUT
NOT OUT COMMUNITY IN CALIFORNIA THAT
IS FIGHTING
FOR A COME BACK ONE A
TIME, AS
PART OF
HER AT A
JUDY: JUST OVER 60 MILES EAST OF
'S
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ANS
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ND
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OUT
I''M
AN BERNARDINO,
AMNA: AND WE''LL BE BACK SHORTLY
ING ATIVE
IS
HEAR
YOUR
Three. >> Hi. I'm
Michele Good
fromWisconsin. Public
Media, and
you count
on the balanced
coverage that
PBS NewsHour brings
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Because this
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That meanswe
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>> Berman, a volunteer
hereat PBS Wisconsin.
And just
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Andwhen you
call with your
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What I
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Call us at
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Bridgeman. I
too am avolunteer
here at
PBSWisconsin, and I'm glad
tosee you
again tonight
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One of the mainstay
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. If you're
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Thank you very
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It simplyhappens. And
it's a nice,
easy way
to put that off
tothe side, not
think about it. Except maybe when
youwatch PBS Wisconsin and say,
yes, I'm
one of those
supported by
viewers likeme.
People when
I'm a sustaining member. So
do think about
becoming asustaining member. Whe n you
call our volunteers tonight
at (800) 236-3636.
>> So you might be
thinking,you know, I
really I do love
PBS NewsHour. It's my
trusted news
source. But
Idon't really
need to support
it. Someone else
one someoneelse will support it. And
two, doesn't.
The public
support it? Isn't
that the public part
of public?
Yes, yes, a
certain amount
comes from
state and
federal sources,
but perfectly
honest here
you are
the largest
source of
support for public
television for
PBS Wisconsin. That's why
wesay it is
your television
station. We
cannot do this
without you.
If you
valuethis kind of
coverage, if
PBS NewsHour is
your source
for news, make that
call one(800) 236-3636.
>> Is Michele
said. We
know that
you value
us and
we value
you as
our supporters.
You know
this doesn't
happen magically.
It's Michele
said. The funding when Istarted
volunteering over 48 years
ago, over
70% of the
funds came from
state andfederal.
Now over
70% is from
you, our viewers.
Sowhen you
call your pledge
of support,
it is
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youis if
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I love it, $15 a
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Be proud of
that. And a
$20 a month you
getthe opportunity to get
boththe mug
and the tote. Thisis our
way to say
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us,you can
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canuse your
smartphone toeither
call or
scan the
QR code on the
screen. But ifyou
want to call, the volunteers are
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one(800) 236-3636. >> Linda
has told you about
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if you pledge at certain levels
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During the NewsHour,
but every
member who
pledgesat any of
these levels
gets a
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good resource.
Itreally is. I
enjoy seeing itevery
year, every
month. Excuse me.
And I make apoint of
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thinking ahead to what Imight want to
watch. Theother thing is
PBS Passport .Once you
remember, you
haveaccess to PBS Passport,
which is an
online streaming
service that
has many of the
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PBSWisconsin and a whole
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PBSPassport is your
Passport tothat
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When you become
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and you can become a
member tonight.
Now, if you
call (800) 236-3636.
>> We hear a couple of thephones
ringing. We would love to hear more.
And maybeyou, you just
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time to get
around tosupporting the program orthe station.
You watch.
You just
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Now is
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knowing that
you support
your beliefs.
You support
the programs
that you love.
It really
feels great.
Make that
call one (800) 236-3636 and
thanks .
[MUSIC] AMNA: THE AUTRY MUSEUM''S FUTURE
US
AME
ET
IR
ARY
IR
A LOT
, BUT
IT WAS NOT REALLY UNTIL
USING IT
WAYS THAT
I GOT THE
PRACTICE, AND THAT SHIFT WAS
D LOOKING AT SOME OF MY
EXPERIENCES, MY FAMILY''S
EXPERIENCE, GROWING
UP IN LOS MEANT.
IT WAS A
PLACE THAT
WAS REALLY ERASE
YOUR ANCESTRAL
SO I AM A
CITIZEN OF THE
NATION, BORN
AND RAISED
IN CALIFORNIA,
AND I WAS
ACTUALLY ADOPTED OUT OF
THE TRIAL
-- CHILD.
SO I WAS RAISED APART FROM MY
MILY. WE
ARE HERE
TO TALK
ABOUT THE AUTRY
MUSEUM. WHAT I''M INTERESTED
IN DOING IS
CREATING A
PERMANENT RECORD OF US PRESENCE
IN LOS
ANGELES. IN BLACK LIGHT,
RED, SO
IT IS A
WAY TO
HONOR MY ANCESTRAL
COLOR. I ALWAYS
FEEL LIKE I''M TYING CK TO MY
ANCESTRAL KNOWLEDGE,
PRACTICE, AND I NEED THAT TO GO
ARD. GENUINE
AUTHENTICITY WITHIN THESE
SPACES. OPENNESS
AND WHAT ART
CAN LOOK LIKE VERSUS T
SHOULD LOOK LIKE.
DON''T KNOW IF YOU''VE DEALT
THIS, BUT
THIS IDEA OF AUTHENTICITY, AUTHENTIC,
PEOPLE A PAST
TENSE
PLACE TO
BE AUTHENTIC. I HOPE
THAT PEOPLE COME AWAY
WORK CURIOUS, WANTING TO
E , AND
ALSO DO HAVE
ABILITIES TO CONNECT.
I WANT US
TO NOT BE PLACED
PAST BUT REALLY IN THE
PRESENT IN THE
FUTURE, AND
I HISTORICALLY, MUSEUM
UTIONS HAVE
PLACED US IN
AMNA: DON''T
FORGET, THERE''S MUCH
MORE ONLINE,
THIS LOOK AT
A OKLAHOMA
ADEMIC G CELL
PHONE USE IN SCHOOLS.
NEWSHOUR.
FOR
HOUR
US.
>> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS
BY
I LOVE
SEEING THEM COME BACK
JOINED THE
TEAM AND SEEING
ROM THERE
AND TO
THEIR PERSONAL GROWTH.
HAPPY. ?
>>
FRIENDS O
F THE NEWSHOUR, INCLUDING
JIM AND NANCY AND THE
ROGER AND VIRGINIA SCHILLER
FOUNDATION. THE
FORD FOUNDATION, WORKING
FRONT LINES
OF SOCIAL AND WITH
THE
ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE DIVIDUALS
AND INSTITUTIONS. ?
THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE
FOR
U.
[CAPTIONING PERFORMED BY THE NATIONAL CAPTIONING INSTITUTE,
WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITSCAPTION CONTENT AND ACCURACY.]
?
NEWSCASTER: Bear watchers are
gathering early this year
in anticipation of Grizzly 399's
emergence from the den.
MAN: She's coming! She's comi
ng!
CEDARHOLM: She's off-the-char
ts famous.
MANGELSEN: There they are! Th
ere they are right there!
BLOOM: Grizzly Bear 399, she'
s known as the matriarch or the qu
een
in Grand Teton National Park.
MANGELSEN: Since I started ph
otographing 399,
it's been 15 years.
But her fame makes everything
more complicated.
SERVHEEN: As a bear biologist,
I'll just kind of go, ugh.
Bears that get close to people
lose their normal avoidance
or fear response.
This is good in a way becaus
e it allows them to live
in places where there are peop
le,
but it also is risky.
CEDARHOLM: There's just so many
things that can go wrong
once they get out of the par
k.
BLOOM: That behavior outside
of a national park,
in the town is not tolerated.
That bear is usually euthanized.
DIRECTOR: 399 and the cubs were
escorted by police
through downtown Jackson.
Does she get special treatment
?
BLOOM: 100%.
Yeah. 100% she gets special tr
eatment.
?
) "Nature" is made possible
in part by...
...committed to bridging cu
ltural differences
in our communities.
Funding for this program wa
s provided by...
"Nature" is also made possib
le
by the Corporation for Publ
ic Broadcasting
and by contributions to y
our PBS station
from viewers like you. Th
ank you.
) ?
CEDARHOLM: It's May 18, 2020.
We're all hanging out at Pilgr
im Creek
because that's where she norm
ally first shows up.
Everybody's driving back and fo
rth
and going across the bridge rea
lly slow
because you can't stop on the
bridge.
I was with Tom, off a little
ways,
and all of a sudden he got a t
ext like, "399's out."
-Here. -Got it.
MANGELSEN: Most of us thought
there's no way she's going to h
ave cubs.
She's getting older, and it's
really rare.
WOMAN: Here they come! Here t
hey come!
CEDARHOLM: Here they come, here!
?
MANGELSEN: And sure enough,
here she comes with four cubs.
I said it myself. This is an ama
zing, special day.
[ Camera shutters clicking ]
WOMAN: What are the chances?
Oh, my God.
MANGELSEN: And it's incredibly
nuts, really.
But that's the effect that s
he has on people.
-You saw four, right? -Yes,
I did, yeah.
WOMAN: Tom saw four.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
MAN: Local celebrity bear 399 em
erged from her den
in Grand Teton National park
this week, delighting onlookers
with a surprisingly large litt
er of four cubs.
At the advanced age of 24, if
she's successful in raising
these cubs over the next two
years,
she'll be the first documented
grizzly to do
so in the greater Yellowstone ar
ea.
?
BLOOM: Grizzly Bear 399, she'
s known as the matriarch or the qu
een
in Grand Teton National Park.
She's famous for coming out
with two, three cubs,
and now miraculously came out w
ith four cubs,
which is very rare. That's like
a human having quadruplets.
?
CEDARHOLM: She's off-the-char
ts famous.
If you meet people out on the
side of the road
and, you know, and they're like
"Have you seen 399?"
"We want to see 399.
Where's our best chance of s
eeing her?
We just want to see her."
?
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
CATHY: Mr. Mangelsen, I just
have to say,
I so admire your work.
MANGELSEN: Thank you very much.
CATHY: I follow you on Instagram
and have two of your pictures
in my home
and I just absolutely --
your photos make me cry when
I look at them.
MANGELSEN: Thank you. What's y
our name?
CATHY: Cathy. MANGELSEN: Nic
e to meet you, Cathy.
CATHY: Thank you so much. MANG
ELSEN: I appreciate it.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
Since I started photographing
399, it's been 15 years.
?
By default I'm her documentar
ian, I guess.
COOPER: The remarkable photog
rapher who spent his life
on the trail of elusive and
endangered animals.
His name is Tom Mangelsen.
If all artists have a muse,
Tom Mangelsen's is this 22-yea
r-old female grizzly bear.
She doesn't have a proper name
but is known by the research n
umber 399.
?
MANGELSEN: I would guess the
number of frames I've shot 399
must be upwards of a million.
Some people call it an obses
sion.
And I can't deny that.
She inspires me.
She has given me a lot of ple
asure and joy,
and it's my passion to protec
t her and her offspring.
CEDARHOLM: The cubs look really
good in that one.
MANGELSEN: She was closer.
CEDARHOLM: I've worked as Tom
Mangelsen's
personal assistant for the pa
st 20 years
and traveled the world with h
im.
Tom was really excited to find
grizzlies in our backyard.
Prior to that, he had to either
go to Canada or Alaska
to photograph them.
?
MANGELSEN: Yeah. This is her fa
vorite place to come out.
There they are! There they a
re right there!
MAN: There it is.
[ Camera shutter clicking rapidl
y ]
?
MANGELSEN: My photographs have
helped make her
the most famous bear that's e
ver lived.
But...
her fame makes everything mor
e complicated.
And it also has a potential to
harm her and her cubs.
?
MAN: Oh, there she comes.
WOMAN: Here comes the fourth
one.
MAN: There they are.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
SERVHEEN: It's a big job to
take care of four cubs,
to keep track of them,
to keep them out of trouble,
just like children.
Unlike wolves, which are very s
ocial animals
that live in packs, grizzly
bears are solitary.
And so it's all mom.
Mom is the total source of i
nformation
and protection for all those
cubs.
-[ Camera shutter clicking ]
-Look at those babies.
-Aww. -I can see more of the
m!
CHILD: Oh, they're facing eac
h other.
-Cool. -There she is.
SCHWABEDISSEN: Across the Grea
ter Yellowstone Ecosystem,
cub survival rate is only 55
%.
BLOOM: The number-one cause
of mortality for cubs
in the wild are male grizzly
bears.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
?
Male grizzly bears, they see
a sow with cubs in the spring.
That's mating season.
That female won't mate with him
if she has cubs,
but he can kill those cubs an
d push her into heat.
It's pretty savage that that
bear would then mate
with him afterwards, but that's
how it works.
And so the males will seek out
killing these cubs.
[ Bear growls ]
[ Indistinct conversations,
camera shutters clicking ]
Grizzly Bear 399 -- she deve
loped a unique behavior
where she actually raises her
cubs in proximity
to traffic and to humans.
And the reason is that male
grizzly bears
do not like people.
They don't like being seen by
people.
They definitely don't like t
raffic.
Grizzly 399, she learned over tim
e
that if she hangs out within
100 yards of the road,
she has these people around th
at are in a way
protecting her cubs from the
male grizzly bears,
which is very, very intelligen
t
and it's very well-suited to t
he national parks.
But now it's become far more c
omplex
to survive that proximity to hu
mans.
[ Indistinct conversations,
whistling ]
MANGELSEN: Yeah, fairly clearly.
[ Sighs ] It is pretty frustrati
ng,
just a little frustrating.
[ Indistinct conversations ]
CEDARHOLM: The bear jam is wh
at we call
just when all the traffic gets
jammed up 'cause there's a bear.
In 2011, we were probably starti
ng to have 100 cars
at a bear jam.
Now all of a sudden there migh
t be 400 cars.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
It turns into total mayhem.
MAN: She's coming, she's coming,
she's coming.
-Where? -Come this way.
SERVHEEN: All the things that
could go wrong
in one of those bear-jam situat
ions,
you know, as a bear biologist,
I'll just kind of go, ugh.
?
People look at her and think,
"Oh, she's idyllically living
in the national park,
and it's just wonderful."
But bears that get close to peo
ple
lose their normal avoidance or
fear response,
and that's called habituation.
This is good in a way becaus
e it allows them
to live in places with people
but it also is risky
because it puts them in closer
association to people.
[ Indistinct conversations ]
MANGELSEN: 399 has been so goo
d
at getting her cubs across t
he highway.
Waiting by the roadside, lookin
g both ways,
and then she'll cross the road
and call her cubs.
Sometimes one will be left be
hind
and she'll go back across the
highway,
say, "You guys stay here. I'm
going to go get Joey."
I always think it's like Russian
roulette
every time they cross the r
oad.
Russian roulette.
But she's managed.
Against all odds.
Except one time.
And that was Snowy.
?
CEDARHOLM: In 2016, 399 came out
with a single cub.
Really light-faced cub so it
just got nicknamed "Snowy."
[ Camera shutter clicking rapidl
y ]
MANGELSEN: She was a single cub.
One of the only single cubs we
know that 399 has had.
399 played with Snowy a lot.
?
They were just so much fun to w
atch.
?
And then 399 was crossing the ro
ad at dusk
just north of Pilgrim Creek.
And Snowy was hit by a driver
that didn't stop.
?
CEDARHOLM: They never found out
who hit the cub.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
MANGELSEN: 399 picked up Snowy
and took him off the road
and laid the body by a big spr
uce tree
and then ran up and down the road
bawling all night long.
You could feel 399's...
How distraught she was.
[ Camera shutter clicks ]
That was a really sad day.
GUIDE: Alright, you guys ready?
[ Speaking indistinctly ]
-Grizzly. Grizzly. -Grizzly b
ear.
GUIDE: So 399 is by far and none
the most popular
and famous bear here in the T
etons
and probably in all honesty
the world.
We are within minutes of where
I was told to maybe go.
I need you all to keep your f
ingers crossed.
Think positive thoughts.
And this is a bear jam.
So let's hop out.
MAN: Right there. Beneath thos
e trees.
WOMAN: Right there, there's m
ama.
There's mama right there, righ
t there.
It's right there. -Yeah.
WOMAN: Oh, my gosh.
MAN: Oh, there she is. Look,
look.
Look right there.
Right there. -Oh, I see!
I see her.
MAN: You want to keep that on
her.
SCHWABEDISSEN: Grizzly bear m
anagement is incredibly complex.
Certainly there's a lot of p
assion by people
who really enjoy the opportunity
to see grizzly bears,
are really passionate about
bears.
?
The grizzly bear was listed
under the Endangered Species
Act in 1975.
SERVHEEN: We probably had 30 f
emales left in the Yellowstone Ecosy
stem.
That's it.
The Yellowstone bears were abo
ut to go extinct.
They would be gone today,
but now they're here because th
ey were listed.
We caught them just in the n
ick of time.
You know, they're kind of the
epitome
of a challenging species to rec
over
under the Endangered Species
Act.
You know, they can conflict
with people,
whether it's garbage or livesto
ck or whatever.
They can kill people.
Theyhavekilled people.
?
SERVHEEN: Bear management wi
ll likely continue to adapt and evol
ve
as we move forward.
You said you were in the Pilgr
im Creek area?
Is that correct?
So it is very possible you di
d see a grizzly there.
When a grizzly bear is in co
nflict with humans,
we investigate the circumstan
ces
and we evaluate
what are our management options.
Sometimes that might mean capt
uring that bear
and relocating that bear to a d
ifferent part of the park
or a different part
of the ecosystem.
The unfortunate reality, sometime
s that might mean
we may have to euthanize a bear,
remove it from the population.
SERVHEEN: 399 is habituated
and all of her offspring are ha
bituated,
because her offspring learned
from her.
If she gets into a situation
where she becomes really dange
rous to people,
she's probably going to have
to be removed.
We don't want that to happen.
We never want that to happen.
?
MANGELSEN: There's a lot of
knee-jerk opinions
about roadside bears.
[ Camera shutter clicks ] Nice
color behind me.
This is a living, intelligent,
emotional being.
Won't everybody just leave th
e bear alone?
Only the wild owns the bears.
She's getting pretty far.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
. Of course. Things
to get to that point
that.>> Hi, I'm Michele Good from
Wisconsin Public
Radio, and I'm
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PBSWisconsin is
my favorite
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humans can have on
nature as opposed
tojust nature
itself. Although
grizzly 399 is
pretty, pretty and
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just as Michele was
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,nature, the programing
fromPBS has a
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And you know
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We offer you
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399. And they
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I think this
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399 was
killed in 2024,
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. [MUSIC]
NEWSCASTER: Bear watchers ar
e gathering early this year in antic
ipation
of Grizzly 399's emergence from
the den.
They hope the famous bruin wi
ll emerge this April
with all four of her cubs.
The famous family's presence
in Grand Teton National Park
is expected to draw large crowds
again this summer.
MANGELSEN: This is day 13, wait
ing for her,
and haven't even seen a bear,
let alone 399.
?
Watching her basically over 1
5 years,
every season, you just have
to wait.
It takes so much patience and
waiting.
But that's what I've done all
my life.
I was hoping she would come out
a week
or two earlier than last year
because it comes in much bigger
and they're a year older.
Last year I spent 145 days out
.
I mean, that's half the year.
Stupid amount of time.
You know, out of all those day
s
I probably photographed her 15
maybe.
The payoff is great,
but it's a hell of a lot of
waiting.
?
All four cubs are just running.
She's fine. They're playing.
Now they stop for a second.
They're healthy as heck.
Finally, after two weeks, wait
ing.
Every day, all day.
Now look at 'em go. Wow.
Man, she was, like, full of
energy.
Just pshew.
The cubs were running ahead
of her.
That was really cool.
They ran for like three miles
there, full out.
I love to see 'em run.
?
She has inspired me to just en
joy life more.
Honestly. It's that simple.
I never got married.
I sort of missed the boat havi
ng kids.
But maybe 399 in a way, watc
hing her with all her cubs
over the years is somewhat --
I don't know -- it sounds goofy
but it's replaced that sort o
f need in a way.
Now where is she going to go?
?
There they are, you see 'em?
CEDARHOLM: I got them.
?
In the early spring when they
come out of the den,
they're just looking for any
kind of food.
By now the cubs are big.
You know, they're all hungry.
They've been in the den and ha
ven't had anything
to eat for months.
At first they're grazing right
alongside of the road,
so they're easy to spot.
But then 399 started moving s
outh.
Heading south out of the park.
SCHWABEDISSEN: Grizzly bears are
a transboundary species.
Here in Grand Teton,
we're a relatively small Nati
onal Park.
Most of our grizzly bears actu
ally use areas
outside of Grand Teton when
food sources are really scarce.
But grizzly bears outside the pa
rk,
certainly some controversy in
volved.
CEDARHOLM: We didn't see her
much all summer because, 399,
she started being very elusi
ve.
It was very unusual.
So it started being much harder
to find her.
She was getting in all these
people's beehives
and was going through neighb
orhoods,
on somebody's porch.
WOMAN: Oh, that's 399! That's
her.
Oh, my God.
MAN: It's like a zoo here.
WOMAN: Uh-huh.
CEDARHOLM: She really started
changing her behavior.
And that was really, really str
essful because
there's just so many things th
at can go wrong
once they get out of the park.
?
[ Cows mooing ]
VICKREY: I'm a fifth-generation
rancher from Sublette County.
When I was a kid, I spent my s
ummers with my granddad
and we'd move cows --
cowboying, they call it -- in t
he mountains up here.
Never saw a grizzly bear.
Never heard of a grizzly bear o
ther than up in
Alaska or Canada or somewhere e
lse.
?
It really varies year to year.
I mean, last year we lost as m
any as 10
or 12 cattle to bear kills.
And we don't mind feeding a gr
izzly once in a while,
but we're trying to feed people
, not grizzlies.
Bear 399, she's a beautiful anim
al,
but I think they habituated th
at bear
and her cubs to people by cha
sing her all around,
and everybody wanted to see her.
And they didn't let her be a
wild bear,
and, you know, those things
come back to haunt wildlife
most of the time.
PRICE: What does a person do w
ith their yard, right?
Do you just let everything ju
st grow wild in your yard?
You manage your yard.
And this is your yard.
This is everybody's yard.
It's public land, and it ought
to be managed properly.
I would like to see the state of
Wyoming be able to manage the
bears themselves.
And that would mean hunting.
Allow hunting season on the g
rizzly bears,
which is fine.
I think they should be here, bu
t they just need to be managed
to a certain number.
And, you know, that numbers...
we're over it.
VICKREY: They are beautiful ani
mals
and they take really good pi
ctures.
They're also a dangerous animal.
?
THUERMER: As great a mother as
399 might be and as cute as the cubs
might be, she's, in fact, a gri
zzly bear
with long teeth and claws and
can do substantial damage
to a person in certain situa
tions.
SERVHEEN: You know, they can
conflict with people.
Actually the first time I ev
er heard of 399
is when she mauled a guy
in the northern part of Grand
Teton Park.
VanDENBOS: 15 years ago,
2007, I used to get up early
and go for runs and hikes.
And so I wanted to do that in
the National Park.
As I'm going up this path,
all of a sudden there's 399
and her cubs.
And I'm yelling, "Hey, hey!"
She was charging right at me,
but just turned and stopped
right next to me.
Arm length away.
I stepped directly away from h
er,
and I stepped off the edge of
the road.
I had to take quick steps to k
eep from falling down.
That moment, she charged right
at me.
She bit me in the back, and
at that moment,
I had this thought that they
're just going to eat me.
The next thing that happens
is I hear this voice yelling,
"Hey! Hey!"
And then there's more commotion.
Then I hear voices.
Then this paw leaves my leg.
?
When I got to the hospital,
a Park Service employee asked
what I thought should be don
e with the bear.
I did not want to see anything
to happen to that bear.
It was not at all her fault.
SERVHEEN: It was a surprise en
counter.
She was feeding on an elk car
cass.
She had offspring with her.
The Park Service called me.
We agreed to leave that bear on
the landscape
and not do anything to her
because it was what we call
a natural aggression.
So that was a long time ago, bu
t it was a recognition
that there were more and more
bears in the Jackson Valley
and they would be moving south
and there'd be more people ar
ound.
BLOOM: Grizzly bears, there's
so much controversy there,
mostly because they're still
protected
under the Endangered Species
Act.
The grizzly bears in the Greate
r Yellowstone Ecosystem,
they've recovered more than
seven times of what they were.
And so Idaho, Montana, and W
yoming
have petitioned for the grizzly
bears to be taken off the list.
And that is on the table right
now.
That is the intention of the En
dangered Species Act,
is that an animal recovers an
d then they're delisted.
The majority of Wyoming want
s that to happen.
The ranchers want that to happ
en.
The hunting community wants
that to happen.
But the argument for keeping th
em on the list
is that we're not seeing any g
ene flow
between the distinct populatio
ns.
Here in the Greater Yellowst
one Ecosystem,
we've got a really healthy po
pulation.
Up in
the Bob Marshall Wilderness
in Glacier National Park,
you have another population
of grizzly bears,
and there has not been gene flow
between those two populations,
meaning there's a genetic bo
ttleneck.
Grizzly bears need connected
landscapes and corridors
in order to make
that gene flow possible.
Recovery, in many people's opini
on,
would be defined by when tho
se two populations
can interbreed.
Some people would argue
that we should let that happen
first before they're delisted.
If they get delisted, they'r
e going to get hunted.
399's behavior is a great behavi
or within a national park.
If there is a hunting season
for grizzlies,
it would be a horrible behavior
to be that tolerant of people.
If there was a hunting season,
it would actually be some of
these roadside bears
that would be the first to go.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
CEDARHOLM: That whole fall,
it was just always --
you never knew where she was
going to be.
It's all private property.
So the Game and Fish were chasi
ng people out.
And we're all worried that she
was going to get in trouble.
BLOOM: From a management, like,
perspective,
I mean, she's a nightmare, Ev
erybody was like,
"Oh, my God, she's in this ne
ighborhood.
Now she's in this neighborhood.
Now she's back in the park!"
And You talk to people that work
for the Forest Service,
they work for the Park Service,
they work for
U.S. Fish and Wildlife, Wyom
ing Game and Fish.
The public is, like, telling
them they need to do this,
they need to, like, protect
this animal.
There's so much pressure on the
m.
NEWSCASTER: Late Saturday, an
interagency team
successfully attached radio c
ollars
to two of Grizzly Bear 399's
yearlings
in order to monitor the bear
's location
and take steps to prevent con
flicts
between the bears and residents
of Jackson Hole.
MANGELSEN: Look at that.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
[ Siren wailing ]
That whole parking lot was fu
ll of agency people,
and the parking lot was clos
ed off.
They trapped three of the cubs.
399, she ran up in that littl
e hill there.
obviously really stressed out,
looking for her cubs.
Man, I've seen her lose cubs be
fore,
just in the bushes and stuff,
and she goes nuts by huffing
and drooling
and standing up and running
around
and bawling like crazy.
?
MAN: Over the weekend, the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service
collared two of 399's four y
earling cubs
after increasing conflicts wi
th humans south of Jackson.
MANGELSEN: Excuse me for interrup
ting, but
what happened two days ago,
it was pretty brutal, I think.
She was separated with her one
cub
from her three other cubs.
She's 26 years old.
She's does not need to have
her cubs darted and drugged
MAN: Yeah, Tom, no, thanks for
that response.
And this is where, you know,
this passion comes through,
right?
Dr. Servheen, you know, any
response to that?
SERVHEEN: What happened was to
try to get collars
on some of these subadults so
that we could understand
where they're getting into t
rouble.
And most disturbing to us bear
biologists
is what her offspring are go
ing to do
because they're learning how to
live around people.
We've got increasing numbers of
bears,
and we've got increasing numbers
of people in bear habitat.
And that collision is the da
nce that's occurring.
And I just hope that we can ke
ep her out of trouble.
?
[ Radio static crackling ]
[ Radio chatter ]
?
MAN: Grizzly 399 and her four y
earlings paid a visit
to Jackson last night around 1
0:30 p.m.
and got a reception from law
enforcement
and wildlife authorities.
THUERMER: Five grizzly bears
walk the entire length
of Jackson Hole.
Everybody in Jackson Hole held
their collective breaths.
It was a wake-up to people here.
SERVHEEN: Where she goes and wh
at she does,
she teaches that to her young.
If an animal is around people
a lot and nothing bad happens,
they become more likely to b
e around people
because it's not that scary.
BLOOM: That behavior outside
of a national park,
in the town of Jackson, in a
neighborhood,
along a highway, is not tolerat
ed.
That bear is usually euthanized.
[ Siren wails ]
DIRECTOR: 399 and the cubs were
escorted by police
through downtown Jackson.
Does she get special treatment
?
BLOOM: 100%. Yeah.
100% she gets special treatment.
to settle
in.% This is.
amazing programfrom
nature. This
time talking
about the complex
balance between
humans. Our
needs, our
love for nature
and nature's
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Hi, I'm
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pbswisconsin.org .>> Hi, I'm
Linda Berman, a volunteer
here at PBSWisconsin,
and we
have just been
enjoying the
show, the
amazing photography
and ideas
of Thomas
Mangelsen just
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This is
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$15 a month. You get
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Photography by
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It is
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mother bear
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Consider now
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>> When we watch a
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[MUSIC] These bears are getting pushed
into more human conflicts
because their natural food s
ources
are being hit hard by climate
change.
The big changes that we're se
eing are in the fall.
Right now it's first week of O
ctober
and it's still 70 degrees and
sunny
when historically we'd be gett
ing our first snow falls
right about now.
Our falls are getting warmer,
our springs are getting warmer,
and in general our summers ar
e getting longer out here,
driven by climate change.
And so plants that bears like t
o eat
like chokecherry and serviceber
ry
and buffaloberry are all fruiting
earlier,
and they're providing food in
late summer
instead of early fall
when the bears need them going
to hibernation.
And what that could mean is that
the bears
are going into the fall hungr
ier,
seeking alternative food sou
rces,
traveling further in search of f
ood
because their fall food sources
are not as reliable
as they once were.
So bear-human conflicts are
only going to increase.
And that is not the bear's fau
lt.
All these arguments over a s
ingle grizzly bear,
399 is a symbol.
It's not about one individual
animal.
It's about grizzly bears surviv
ing into the future.
It's about the preservation of
nature itself.
MAN: Grizzly Bear 399 and her
four cubs have been elusive
ever since their walk through
downtown Jackson last month.
The famous family has been ra
rely seen,
but the radio collars on two
of the cubs
provide wildlife officials wi
th the family's location.
399's fans assume the grizzlies
have made it
to den in Grand Teton Nationa
l Park,
where they're expected to hib
ernate.
MANGELSEN: So, we'll go ahead
and cross Pilgrim Creek
and maybe we get out the scope
and scan those hills.
?
Every day we wait, it gets clos
er to the day
she should be out, so...
Hopefully they're all healthy
and well
and made it through the winter
,
which we actually don't know f
or sure.
So I don't know what she's wa
iting for.
But I'm getting a little --
a little worried actually.
?
I think we start taking for
granted
that she's going to survive
the winter,
that she's going to survive the
den.
But she's kind of at the very
end of her life.
?
KEMBEL: In 2021, Montana had 128
conflicts with grizzly bears,
resulting in two human injuries,
one human fatality.
We did also have 10 documented
grizzly bear mortalities
this last year.
NICHOLSON: Today I'll be talking
about grizzly bear conflicts.
It wasn't until about 2005
that we started seeing confli
cts every year.
MANGELSEN: But I think the re
al elephant in the room
is the delisting of grizzly bea
rs.
To delist grizzly bears
and then turn over the manage
ment to the states,
Wyoming, Idaho and Montana.
We did that with wolves recently
and they've massacred wolves.
If that's the kind of management
the states do to wolves,
why the hell would we ever want
to turn over the management
of grizzly bears to the states
?
Thank you.
?
Okay. Thanks a lot, everybody.
We're done.
?
Headline reads, "399 faces to
ugh future.
Hilary Cooley is worried about
the season ahead for Grizzly 399
and her cubs, who have yet to
emerge from hibernation.
'The future's not so bright fo
r these guys,'
she said during a meeting of s
tate and federal wildlife
and land managers Wednesday in
Jackson.
'They've been in a lot of troub
le.'"
They've not been in a lot of t
rouble, in my opinion.
They've gone south, they've gone
through neighborhoods,
they've gotten in some beehives.
That's not a lot of trouble.
[ Radio static crackling ]
CEDARHOLM: Just keep your eye
on that whole open area.
MANGELSEN: You got that longer
lens?
CEDARHOLM: Yeah. MANGELSEN: Oka
y, hold it there.
CEDARHOLM: Okay. MANGELSEN: Her
e she comes!
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
?
[ Clicking continues ]
?
[ Mangelsen breathing heavily
]
?
Oh, my God, I told you she'd
come down the river.
I knew she'd come down the ri
ver.
[ Clicking continues ]
DIRECTOR: Tom, how are you feeli
ng?
MANGELSEN: I'm great, amazed
that we saw her.
DIRECTOR: [ Laughs ]
MANGELSEN: I was just about re
ady to give up.
Not give up on her, but for
a day.
DIRECTOR: Yeah. MANGELSEN: She
's just something.
The cubs all look really health
y. Yeah.
Yeah, I was starting to worry r
eally.
?
CEDARHOLM: They're coming rig
ht to me.
[ Camera shutter clicking ]
?
Okay, we did it!
She's out of the den!
We were in there for the last
couple little minutes
all by ourselves!
And she walked right freaking p
ast us.
I mean, was that not amazing?
When she came across and just
went woosh!
That was just like -- That's --
your heart just starts pounding.
I mean, I've -- how --
I've been watching her for 17
years,
and it still is so thrilling.
?
SCHWABEDISSEN: There is no doubt
that 399 has a lot of experience
of how to successfully raise
cubs,
how to navigate the landscape
with cubs.
But certainly once those cubs
reach adulthood,
there are questions about what
is their survival?
Especially some of these cubs
that are habituated,
are now leaving the park
because the park is fully occupi
ed with grizzlies.
There just isn't additional su
itable
habitat available for grizzlies
to coexist
in some of these highly human-d
ominated areas.
MANGELSEN: Look at the all th
e cars, unbelievable.
Holy man.
CEDARHOLM: 2022, the cubs were
2 1/2.
So that's the summer they get
kicked out.
The night before, we saw her nur
sing them,
and we didn't realize she still
nursed when they're that big.
And then the next day she star
ts running down the trail
and she's swatting them and
growling at them.
And we're -- "What is going on?"
Nobody could figure it out.
She chased them off.
And then the next day we saw her
and she didn't have the cubs,
and then you saw her cubs come
out of the trees
and she chased them for a mile
.
Then the cubs got the picture.
It's like "Oh, we can't come
back anymore."
But it was really sad to watch
because we'd been watching them
all being so loving.
Sometimes cubs will stick toge
ther that first summer
they're kicked out for a litt
le while
and then they separate.
But, for the most part, all
of sudden,
they're out on their own.
?
[ Birds chirping ]
STEVE: It wasn't until most
recently we had a bear,
which we later understood to b
e 1057,
a cub of the famous mama bear 3
99.
This is when you first noticed
the bear.
PATSY: Mm-hmm. Yeah.
The bear turned and looked.
STEVE: The bear had been on
other people's porch as well
and actually had gotten into
someone's freezer.
PATSY: Game and Fish,
they told me that that was th
e 13th call
that they had received.
?
THUERMER: There's a difference
between a habituated bear
and a food-conditioned bear.
A habituated bear is familiar
with people in the environment
without being spooked.
A food-conditioned bear
sees people or signs of people
and associates them with food.
And that's one thing that soc
iety won't tolerate.
?
MANGELSEN: It broke my heart.
I mean, I obviously saw how
difficult it is
for 399 to raise these four c
ubs to subadult.
You've got to give these bears
a better chance than that.
STEVE: When we learned that 1057
was euthanized,
I felt as humans, we were resp
onsible for that
and that's where we've kind
of shortchanged the bears.
[ Water rippling ]
?
[ Indistinct conversations ]
MANGELSEN: 399 has changed peop
le's attitude towards grizzly bears
.
And because of that, she will
likely save bears
from being delisted and killed
.
Who is this? YOUNG MAN: This
is my dad.
MANGELSEN: I thought so. MAN: T
im, sir.
Nice to meet you. I love your wo
rk.
MANGELSEN: Thank you. Pleasu
re to meet you.
MAN: This guy got a shot of 399
this morning
as a matter of fact. MANGELSE
N: You did?
YOUNG MAN: Yeah. It's through som
e trees.
But ever since I -- MANGELSE
N: I was there.
YOUNG MAN: Oh, really?
MANGELSEN: And I didn't get a s
hot.
YOUNG MAN: Oh.
MANGELSEN: So was that the first
time you've seen her?
YOUNG MAN: Yes. We've been her
e two other times.
And I've been looking for her,
but I haven't seen her.
It was the first time.
MANGELSEN: So good for you.
YOUNG MAN: Thank you.
MANGELSEN: She's such a chal
lenge to photograph.
I mean, seriously photograph.
Really good images.
I mean, I have probably real
ly great images.
I have to say maybe 5 or 10.
You know, ones that, in my he
art,
like "The Guardian"...
And "First Light"...
"Out of the Sage."
Those are special images.
Images that I say that "I got
it,"
you know, "that's great.
Good job, Tommy."
[ Chuckles ]
MAN: Hey, excuse me! MANGELSEN:
Yeah?
MAN: What's going on here?
MANGELSEN: There's a grizzly
bear far out on your left.
MAN: Oh, awesome!
MANGELSEN: Just watch where
the people are looking.
MAN: Cool. Thank you.
MANGELSEN: You're welcome.
You know, I think every year
I should do something else
and get a life, whatever.
And then she surprises me.
There she is.
WOMAN: Oh, my God, look at that.
[ Camera shutter clicking rapidl
y ]
?
MANGELSEN: 399 comes out of the
den this year with another cub.
At 27 years old,
she is the oldest living grizz
ly bear
that's ever given birth in the
greater Yellowstone area.
I've got her.
It just amazes everybody
because everybody says she's
too old,
she can't have any more cub
s.
But she did.
The cub had a lot of spirit, so
I personally named him
Spirit just for my own sake.
[ Camera shutter clicking rapidl
y ]
399 gives me a lot of hope.
The odds are stacked against
her.
But she lives every day, every
year,
trying to raise her cubs in a r
eally difficult world.
She's just one special bear.
) [ Birds chirping ]
Two. Oh.
>> We hope you
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>> And I'm
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Nature. As
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I'm Michael
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hereat PBS Wisconsin,
and the show we saw
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activity and
grizzlies and
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and do not
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focused. It was
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worth watching.
Absolutely. And
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But it also
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worldaround us in a
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And I think that's
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Sometimes through
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I mean, thephotography,
the photographs
are really
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literally one on
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and each
one isjust gorgeous.
Some of them
you actually see
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themselves, and
that's what makes
Tom such
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You could seein
his studio how he
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PBSWisconsin is
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You can
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$10 a month. Sorry.
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I have a
different hat
thatsays PBS Wisconsin on
it. The amount
of times that
people stop
me in the
grocery store
on the street
getting gas
one to comment on
my cute hat and
the other to tell
me how
much they
love PBS Wisconsin. They
don't know that
I'm the person on
TV telling
them that because
they usuallywear a
mask, but
they love
PBS Wisconsin as
much as
I do.
If you want
to make newfriends
at the grocery
store or
learn who's
part of your
community, get
yourself oneof
these hats
. $10 a month
one (800) 236-3636. You can go out
on the street,
doyour daily
errands, and learn
who's a part
of your
PBS Wisconsin community
. >> I
agree with
Michele whenyou
wear something
with PBSWisconsin, people will
stop you.
People stop
me all thetime.
Today, six people
stopped me and said,
oh, I watched you
and I
support PBS Wisconsin. I said,
that makes
me so happy. As a
volunteer and a supporter, a
longtime supporter,
to know that they
care as much
as much as I do
about PBSWisconsin.
And now
I hope
you take this
opportunity tocall and
pledge your support to make us
a very
easy. Makea
pledge at
one(800) 236-3636. >> We've
talked a lot about
the benefits of
supporting PBS Wisconsin
, and Linda
has detailed
some of those
particular benefits
related to the
program we've watchedtonight. But let
me review
the benefits
that every member
receives. There's
"Airwaves" magazine, whichwe've told
you about a
publication that will come to you
once a monththroughout the year.
It's a great guide
to what's on PBSWisconsin.
Another benefitis the member
survey, whichwe
send every
year, and thatgoes
to all people
who aresupporters.
Another benefit
is some
entry forms
for our sweepstakes,
which is another
annual event,
but insome ways
the mostinteresting part
is the
PBSPassport, which is
access toa
wonderful library
of programs that you can
stream, programs
that are on
PBS Wisconsin national and
local, and
some that are
noton our air, but
a library
beyond just what you see
onthe air here at
PBSWisconsin. For access
to any or all
of this, call us now.
(800)2 363636. >> Have you
become a member
yet? Have
you made
a donation
yet? Let me
ask you a
question. Let me
have youthink about
just two things
one. Have
you learned
something in this
last hour?Have you
learned something
about the
world around you,
about the Grand
Tetons? Have
you learned that maybe
you will interact
with nature
differently? If
so, show
your support.
One(800) 236-3636 and thank
you so
much .
>> For.
"Nature" is made possible in part by...
...committed to bridging cu
ltural differences
in our communities.
Funding for this program wa
s provided by...
"Nature" is also made possib
le
by the Corporation for Publ
ic Broadcasting
and by contributions to y
our PBS station
from viewers like you. Th
ank you.
?
) ?
VO: You're watching PBS.