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( applause )
Thank you very much. >> Thank you very much.
It's my pleasure to be here. Thanks for being here.
very nice to me today, because I I have asked some of you to be
But what I'm going to do today am standing here, right?
some background on the energy isconsumption profile of theu
university facilities, and then tell you what we're doing about
reducing this consumption.
in the process, please ask. I don't know what the format is,
but I'm told that it's a very easygoing group here.
So, let me talk about energy
First of all, you're talking here.
conservation energy program. about water as part of our
that we spent over $50 million So last year, you'll notice
And approximately 40% of it is for electricity.
To give you a perspective of how
400,000,000 Kilowatt hours. mIt's enough to meet the needs's
of 30,000 good-sized homes. This is despite the fact that
in the past five years, especially the past five years,
we have spent over $29 million
of our facilities. to improve the efficiency
that have been accomplished. And you will see all the things
the national award for this. And I had the honor of receiving
universities to be able to have these sort of things done.
The reason for this cost though,
are very many. despite our conservation efforts
One is that we keep growing Some Ithis campus. here.
We have higher expectations.
air quality standards. We have higher indoor
is the skyrocketing fuel Plus, the most important one
This graphs shows you, and electricity prices.
the blue shows you the growth of the campus, sq. footage wise.
And the other bar shows you the cost of energy, so as you see,
our campus is seven percent larger than it used to be
five years ago, but our energy cost is 77% higher.
In one year alone,
And we really don't know what the future is going to bring.
So where do we use
We use all 70% of this energy for providing heating, cooling
and ventilation for these campus buildings.
It's only five percent that goes
And you can see the rest of it to electricity for lighting.
for our laboratories. But 70% is heating and cooling
and ventilation.
they demand a lot more HVAC. Laboratory buildings, obviously
they are much higher users. TThis is an interesting
graph here. This shows is December '04.
This is typical of any month. This shows you our electricity
consumption patterns. So right here
is a Monday morning, 3:00am.
3:00pm, Tuesday, Wednesday. ThThese two little guyson
are weekends. So right there,
that's Christmas Eve. You could not find a dog walking
on these streets. We are using close to
30 Megawatts of electricity on this campus.
This is very important, because this tells you that how much
of our consumption is because people doing work on campus
and how much of it is to keep the campus running.
In this area, there are over 10,000 electric motors
running continuously. So, this is what it takes
to use $50 million of energy. But you know, I talk about
money, the reality is that
In my personal opinion, high prices is a good thing,
because it's causing everybody's
huge issue, because we have-- There are many other factors
here, as you know.
gases produced in the world, We put out 25% of the greenhouse
of the population. but we only have four percent
there to talk about global So I am not going to go in
slides here for you to tell you what the other impacts are.e
Today, I heard on the radio that 2007 has tied the record
for hottest year. And you are seeing what's
going on here, basically. I'm not going to read through
this, but right there in
there are only 27 glaciers now Montana, Glacier National Park,
This has health impacts. versus 150 in 1910.
They love it. ThAnd as a result, there ises.
going to be a lot of problems if this trend continues.
Economic factors are huge.
going to cost the world up to $20 trillion by year 2100.
And it's just a costly
with this global warming proposition if we keep going
Ecosystem impacts are huge. Right here, it says polar bears,
they're having two weeks less for hunting season, as a result
they're losing weight.
As people run out of water And security impacts are huge.
to migrate to other places. That's going to create tension.
So there are a lot of realities out there that I think
we have to accept as security,
or national security. And the impact on human rights.
You know, we're sitting here, lights are on,
computers and everything. People who are suffering
as a result of this are the people that don't know
what lights are, perhaps, but computers are,
or what air conditioning is.
are suffering, then the world is going to be a worse place.
The top number is that they're
the world will top one billion talking about refugees around
That's one out of six people. And other impacts, perhaps more
important, are--
Wine is not going to taste the my favorite is wine.
and the patterns of flavor same, because of the heat
versus alcohol content. So what we really need to do
as a society, and I look at UW-Madison as a society
of 60,000 people. If you take UW-Madison
from Madison
in the state of Wisconsin. and land it somewhere else
or eighth largest city you're looking at the sixth
So it's a huge community. And therefore, what we really
need to do is to demand and promote accountability.
And we do have choices. Our lifestyles, our choice of
type of fuel that we use, and more importantly,
is the last point in my opinion.
with the existing policies, but we are generating the future
leaders of the world. And those people need to be
conscious about this issue. And we also have something
going for us, and that is the current environment.
Energy crisis have hit every
of this thing. home, so people are aware
in there. The fact is that energy costse
are competing with other funds
and the university community for the university,
accountability in this, so the is demanding a lot more
some of these issues. atSo, the University, about ath
year and a half ago, decided
a more aggressive energy that we would actually have
for the campus. So therefore, we set up
the "We Conserve" program.
on the buildings and everything, Some of you have seen the signs
two goals. but this campaign basically has
the energy conservation spirit Goal number one is to instill
consciousness. in the community's
just UW-Madison community. And this is not
to define it. The second goal is toh
reduce energy consumption,
by the year 2010. So to tell you how daunting of
a task this is, I'll leave that one for your imagination,
how are we going to get people
and change their minds. But this one here, if you
turn all the lights off on this campus permanently,
if you unplug all the computers on this campus permanently,
and if you remove all the laboratory equipment
on this campus permanently, you're not close
to 20% reduction, okay? So that's to give you
a perspective of what 20% is. So, the issue
is not just these signs.
and the strategy on these signs Yis not to say conserve energy,,
it's to promote some kind of
So, I don't know how many a cof you know what Gaia is.kay?
Gaia is basically the Greek "Mother Earth."
I'm just going to walk through
They're on some of these things.
This one, when we put it up I wasn't sure if I was going to
have a job the next day or not. ( laughter )
And this actually has created a lot of questions, because
people are questioning
And that's the intent, how they should read this.
So, our campaign basically, a in order to meet our goals,ue.
there are four principles that have to take place here.
And I call them the four legs of the table.
To reach our goals we have to have efficient systems,
informed people,
and responsible actions. realistic expectations,
of the table. One without the other, we're not
going to produce the results
So, for each one of these, the way we should.
that we put together and certain there are certain strategies
Let me stop here and see activities for each strategy.
or get a feedback if of how I'm doing so far.ns,
When you're talking about lab equipment, you know,
does that include fume hoods? Even if you shut down
all the fume hoods? >> No, no, no.
Let me ask if all of
buildings are outfitted with the buildings, or many of the
No, none of them are. To give you information on that,
in Madison area, officially we have 129 days of sunny days,
the rest are not. And when you look at the cost
of installing these solar panels
basically it puts this thing at almost four times more expensive
than buying the electricity.
happening. So, that's why it's not
Isn't that part of the cost that we have to take on now
for the future? I mean, isn't that part
of the cost we need to pay
Philosophically, to get where we need to get?
There is no question on that. But there may be other options
that are easier to do and more productive.
So in this climate, I would not promote necessarily
solar panels, but I would promote wind farm, okay?
Can you put a wind turbine
It has got to be a lot bigger than that, so I think
we need to get a farm first.
operation, but it's completely But you know, it's a big
And when I say solar panels doabllike in Germany.able.
I saw a documentary.
on this thing. They have gone really big
it so sun is hitting it, and so, All the interstates, they have
And there may be a lower but it's a huge investment.
But I think hangyou're absolutely right.ons.
Philosophically,
Okay, so I'm going to go through our process here.
So let's talk about efficient systems.
What I mean by that is that we
Unfortunately, when we design nbuildings on the campus here,s.
we look for buildings that look beautiful.
Each architect, this is their opportunity to put their legacy
in the history book.
it nice, and big, and open, And thand lots of glass,wants
and lots of this. As a result we end up
consuming a lot more energy than we should.
The other thing that has been going on here, is when they
build buildings in this campus
are still standing very well. But the problem is that theses
buildings were designed for specific activities,
let's say laboratory. A laboratory from 1950-1970
did not change
But now, laboratories are not the same laboratories
as even five years ago. So design has to also
be something that is flexible for the programmatic needs.
And it also needs to be maintainable.
I have some pictures here,
but I had some pictures Iwhere you'd really laugh.y,
Maybe at the end of this thing, I'll show those pictures to you.
You have to be -- to get into some of these
things, to be able to just
but it looks beautiful. So, therefore we did it.
That is one issue that
that we have to have. pNow, right now in this campus,e
there is over $700 million
another $600-$700 million of cis in design, so we'rece,
talking about $1.5 billion
that is going to happen in one form or the other.
Some of those buildings are going to be energy efficient,
but some, I think we woke up
to deal with the issues clearly. a little late
Do you know if Ma'am?
It's going to be the new discovery center is?
It's going to be highly ranked a very smart building.
So yes, yes. from a lead point of view.
it's going to be For the building that it is,
It's an excellent start, very efficient, yes.
So efficient system also means an excellent start.
This is where we have done efficient equipment.
This is where most very well.
went into this category. of that $29 million,
over 200,000 light bulbs. WeWe have over 10,000 roomsced
that have occupancy sensors,
So, we're doing pretty good in that area, compared to others
in my opinion.
are in the same category here. And energy saving devices
sensors, as I mentioned. We have 10,000 occupancy
that are old. WEven those are shot.s
And if you replace a window because of energy conservation,
it has a perhaps
So what we've done is we've gone through these buildings.
So you walk into a building,
we are air conditioning and athe great outdoors.open,
And in the wintertime, there is such infiltration, because the
old windows and leaky windows,
the curtain stands here tin the middle of the window.,
So we fabricated these panels that go from inside.
It makes the window shut
a double layer situation there. pFor $250, we can do thate
per window. So we've installed
over 8,500 of those so far, which has proven to be
a very good idea. But those are the things
that we need to be doing here.
re-commissioning, you know this is very important
for me to say, because without
it is impossible for us thisto reach our 20% goal.ere,
This is where we go through buildings, room by room,
and actually decide what their needs are
from an energy point of view. And then we address the building
systems to provide that.
is from our safety department. John, sitting here,
So we go through these He has been assisting us.
level of hazards this activities laboratories, he decides what
So with that, he gives us are a ranking.ere.
Then our engineers analyze it to see how we can reduce the
amount of air going in there. In Engineering Hall,
which I assume most of you
Engineering Hall alone, this process has identified over
$650,000 of savings per year. That's a big number when you
have $2 million of energy costs for that building,
that's almost 40% reduction.
technology here. We also have to utilize
sword. Technology is a double-edged
technology in place, If you are going to have
sophisticated controls you're going to put all these
then you have to have and sophisticated staffions,
and sophisticated money to maintain it.
But assuming that you do, there is a lot of potential out there.
In Chamberlin Hall, VAV stands for "Variable Air
Volume System," where basically, it's the same amount
of air coming into your room. It's controlled based on the
occupancy, and that type
amount of air, as needed, of stuff, basically. the right
With that process, and being
periods, we are talking about ablereducing consumptionied
in Chamberlin Hall alone
This is how we're going to get to our 20% goal.
And 20% goal on $50 million,
$10 million savings, okay. you're talking about
better maintenance. WOur maintenance budgete
is not what it should be. One of my responsibilities
for the campus, I should
at this point. introduce myself a little bit
the maintenance of the campus, What I do, I'm responsible for
of the campus buildings, in-house remodeling activities
and distribution of utilities, production of utilities
and fleet management. The maintenance aspect
of our operation here costs us
That's in the budget about $14 million a year.
That is feeding an elephant with a teaspoon, in reality,
because to do this thing right, it takes a lot more.
But everybody's caught in the budget problems and everything.
So we do need to have specific
need to have better control progon our designalso
and construction processes. These new buildings are
finished, they look beautiful,
that there are problems. and then we go discover
to improve that in a major way. So, the second principle
is to have informed people, and I don't mean to have
informed people as informed students,
informed faculty. The informed everything.
The concept of information
We have to analyze the reality has to be part of this thing.
business, so you've got to that this is a $50 million
and think of it in that sense. run it like a business
everyone involved. So therefore, we need to have
to involve all the stakeholders, So the first thing is we need
alumni, wDepartment of Administration,s,
legislature, whatever it is.
a team that thinks the same way. We have to create some kind of
high costs has created And one of the things that
closer on these agendas, is people have come together
We also have to invoke but we have a long way to go.
There are not going to be many values and convictions.
would say energy conservation is not the right thing to do.
That's not the question.
reason to conserve energy. The issue is what is their
I really don't care As awhat their reason is.gram,
Their reason could be to save money.
It could be the environment.
It could be social justice. It couWhatever it is, bear.
it doesn't matter.
"For whatever reason We need to go in there and say,
let's put our heads together you want to get involved,
to do something." aAnd that's where wer
have to invoke those values and convictions.
We also have to go through
education program. a very extensive
we should conserve energy, An education, not only on how
why we should conserve energy. but more importantly,
I have two kids. This is not a one-time deal.
to school here, the other one One ofis in high school, going
and I'm seeing the mind set.
I'm seeing that after 50 million I'm seeing what they're used to.
the lights off in your room," tithey still don't, okay.rn
( laughter )
my home, only. And it's not apparently
have a situation where every But, we would like to actually
would come in, and as part of studenttheir education,campus
be exposed to this issue
from an academic point of view. iThey should know whyl
conservation is important.
the impact on ecosystems are. They should know what the impact
on national security is.
three hours of credit for it, it's not a bad thing, becauset
those people are going to be
policy makers of the future. the parents, professors,
important for us to have So that's going to be very
And we have to manage thby information here..
As I said, this is a $50 million
We have to have facts and data. When we go through these
buildings and we analyze them,
or Chamberlin Hall, it takes us wabout 4-5 months with a team
of very expensive people
what needs to happen, to gobut it's worth it.e out
But then we know what we're talking about, so the reality is
we would like energy
that is balanced. The mission of the university
has to go on, and energy is simply a cost of doing business.
It's the waste
And we have to have measurement that weand verificationt out.
of what's going on. Now the problem is, on the
one hand, people are saying that in order to really reach
the goal, you've got to hit the people in the pocketbook,
so you should put meters
charge the different departments in these buildings and
And if you do that, then they will take it seriously, because
they're not paying for it now.
it will take us It ismillions of dollars,know,
millions of dollars literally,
the way we would have to. It would take millions of
dollars to interpret that data, and it will take millions
of dollars to stop fights and misunderstandings.
And instead of that, what we
meters when it's smart, neeand we are doing that.ut
We should have those meters provide us unlined information.
So for example one of the things
Hall, and these other buildings wethat we've gone through,ng
their energy consumption
So, I can see a continuous curve is being sent to us via the Web.
And imagine if we put that on these big screens in
the hallway, and we put some
to see what they're doing. targets there, and we get people
has to be part of our strategy That modeling and measurement
entirety in coming together. here, but we've got to have
in my opinion Anis focusing on success.ing
The problem we have is this attitude of apathy, "Well, what
am I going to do about this?" We have to focus on success
and we have to kind of fight
believers out of people. this cynicism, and create
in my experience in this society And that's not going to happen,
When I came here in Madison, unless we are winning.
I came from the University 16 years ago--
I finished my school. The first football game that
I went to was with the Iowa Hawkeyes, and at those days,
you could hardly find anyone
were not doing that good. in Two years later, they'reers
doing great, you cannot find
So there is a huge draw from a ticket anymore.
with successful things. peoSo we have to make thislves
successful, so people become part of it.
The third thing is realistic expectations.
And this is quite important I think, because we can have
the tools and information,
to be manageable and realistic. First, I think as a university
with all these intellectuals, there has to be--
I don't think it's unreasonable to say that we should put our
heads together and come up with a vision for the future.
We should clarify what
Do we need to have professor our true requirements are.
at 11:00 p.m., because he or she X's room be 70 degrees
and correct some papers? may come into their room
laboratories to have all the Is it reasonable for computer
come at 3:00 in the morning, computers on so when students
they want to sit? These are reasonable things.
But I want to tell you, it's not just on that level.
Example is Kohl Center. Kohl Center, I'm sure you
all have been there, has eight
that basically provide air air handling systems, units,
Those units have been running the same rate, when there are
16,000 people watching
or when 3,000 people a men's basketball game,
or when the custodian is pushing the broom.
The same amount of air, we treat the same way.
For an investment of $3,000 and the cooperation
with the Kohl Center people to put their schedule,
this event is coming up here, this is what we anticipate,
Today there's not going to be much, here is a concert, by
putting that together, we have
their agenda. aAnd as a result we are goingh
to reduce that consumption
Nobody is going to notice any problem with it.
But that is a quarter of a
throwing out the door millijust because we can.were
Sir?
computers, or something? >> Will you install programmable
cooling systems these days are >> Most of these heating and
They sense all sorts of things. They sense temperature, humidity
and all that, and then they adjust themselves continuously
to provide you what you need. >> But they can program it?
That's right. >> They can change the schedule
from time to time?
do it, or as conditions change, >> Ththe program reactsy to
to it as well, but yes. For example for this,
after we leave, this room is not going to be the same
temperature as it is now. It will cool down, until say,
6:00 in the morning.
is going to be tomorrow, what the humidity level is going to
be, and then the units kick on, so that at 8:00, for example,
when there is a class here, when people come in, this
is an acceptable temperature
So, we have a lot of because of the conditions.
to do these things with. sophisticated systems in place
but we have enough, and Not the Kohl Center was oneily,
that we could use.
to do it, okay, Iand the attention to do it.ll
It's not that expensive?
are some issues with it. >> It's not expensive, but there
to get to it, but let me The issue is that, and I'm going
One of the major, major problems talk about it right now.
and it's not just this campus. that we have on this campus,
it's a statewide problem. All these years,
the university, our operating budget, has not been responsible
for energy costs. So the energy bill from MG&E
would come to the Department of Administration.
And they write them a check.
incentive to design buildings that are energy efficient, to
operate them in an energy efficient manner, and to spend
the time and allocate resources to do the things that adjust it
here, watch it there, monitor it
Because the fact is I have a this way.
I have a choice of this person maintenance person.
handling system. changing filters in the air
If I pull him out of that and have him go treat the HVAC
system for energy efficiency, I'm going to save energy.
That money's not going to come
It's going to save the state to my pocket.
But those filters remain money.
That is a very fundamental unchanged.
Recently, it's changing. problem that we have.
allocation. And they've drawn a line in the
sand saying if you go beyond
come up with the money yourself. this, you're going to have to
long way to go before we change But the this around.e have a
These projects that I'm talking about here, we have identified
these projects, some of them, for the past year or year and a
half. And there is still not a clear
decision about how the funding
Don't you have to have people that you trust to program the
thing right.
basketball game and it's like 90 Otherwise, you come into a
It takes money to save money. And that comes in the form of
cash and resources. You're absolutely right.
These are very sophisticated
But you have to have somebody cowho knows how..
Oh, yeah, we have, in our physical plant division, we
actually have a division. We have seven or eight people
that are the best in the state, that work for us.
That do just that every day.
things idiot proof. >>> Examining HVAC standards.e
This is where we are finding a
See, one of the things that happens in a laboratory, air is
entering the laboratory.
but let me give you a perspective of what this air is.
Every minute that I'm standing
cubic feet of air from outside, herin this cold weather.ion
We heat it. We bring it to these rooms and
then we suck it from the other
Every single minute. end.
leaves this room and Now, in this room, air coming in
percentage of it. In a laboratory, air entering
this room must leave this building.
It cannot re-circulate. The engineering safety codes
require that in an given hour,
the volume of air here. Eight times, 12 times, 14 times,
it depends on the level of
day. hazardous activity going on in a
great in helping us, to tell us what that level should be, to
help us reach that. So the room, the laboratory that
will be changing air 14 times.
because that's good enough. And that's how we're saving the,
energy. But there has to be those
standards.
things. For example, the fresh air.
In a room like this, I told you that a certain percentage of air
circulates back.
percent, has to come from The other peoutside.he remaining
That's too make sure that we do not fall asleep here, so the
carbon dioxide does not build up.
So we can do that two ways. One is to say okay, I'm going to
throw 20% fresh air, 80% return air.
And that's good enough. Or, we can actually have sensors
in here that senses the carbon
signal to the unit saying, you dioxide level, and sends a
stuffy here, open it up and know whabring more air. a little
That is a sophisticated system
have the qualified people. that we have to install, manage,
it. BAnd the customer expectation
management is also huge.
their home and they throw a little pillow or a blanket on
themselves. In here, they walk around with
shirtsleeves and they demand
here. thThat's not a reasonablein
expectation.
I mentioned to you. LaboThis is huge.ions,
We have closed to 3000 fume hoods.
John was talking about
These fume hoods must be there fume hoods.
laboratory experiments with ichemicals, and stuff, to makedo
sure that the fumes do not come back into the room.
So there is this continuous sucking of air through this.
These hoods are necessary.
and it's just the cost of doing They're a business.quirements,
But the reality is that we have a lot of hoods.
And at times,we don't need that many.
If people decide to share, we don't have to have 3000 fume
hoods.
If people decide to keep a Maybe we can have 2000.
not need to have such a huge tidier laboratory, then we may
hoods. level of air movement in these
There are laboratories that have But that's what we have to have.
fume hoods are being used as a fume hoods in them, and these
And when we go to the professor, bookshelf.
I'll use this. he goes, "Oh, next semester,
( light laughter ) Don't touch that."
Those are not reasonable This is the reality.
Computers and office equipment expectations.
I would like to ask you something.
How many computers do you think we have on this campus?
( inaudible ) Please make a guess.
100,000 computers?
( inaudible ) Include whatever you
want, just give me your perspective here.
What do you think?
Okay. >> I'd saySir?ut 40,000.
Okay. We have 27,000 departmentally
owned computers.
Ninety-seven percent of the Dstudents report that they have
one computer. Twenty percent of students
report that they have two computers.
Just those three categories are close to 80,000 computers that
are humming around on this
Okay, it's the cost of doing campus.
We have a software program that we were able to use where we
monitored 800 departmentally
This thing gave us reports on an owned computers.
Is the computer on or off. ongoing basis.
or mouse movement, or is it If itsitting there idle.yboard
So we gathered all this data for
And then we ran this program on it that said, okay, let's assume
the computer will go into sleep mode after 20 minutes of no
activity. And you come in and hit a key
and it will come back up. What would be the savings for
energy? What do you think that was?
Eighty-five percent.
sleep after 20 minutes, you're In other words, if you go to
that you're using. going to save 85% of electricity
half per year. That is about a million and a
electricity, these computers But in addition to that waste of
We have to send more coolant to remove that heat.
And 20 minutes is a long time.
gentlemen, that don't have any We have people, ladies and
( audience reacts ) businNo, it has becomeuter.
part of the culture.
I have a chair, I have a desk, It's become, if I have a job,
I have to have a cell phone, I have a telephone, and now
We see some of these people, and a computer.
computers on in the morning and we see no activity all day long.
The only activity that takes
end of the day. placeBut looks great, okay.t the
Those are not reasonable
You go to laboratories-- expectations.
previous slide. You go to a laboratory, and thee
laboratory has three freezers.
World War II, and one from the One from World War I, one from
They have no incentive. They don't have time.
They don't think about the issue
one, perhaps. ofBecause they don't have theto
incentive, and many other reasons.
Paper reduction.
mention something here about Recycling, I'm just going to
Do you know how much material is recycling.
year, 10,000 tons. discarded from the campus each
The rest goes to the landfill. We recycle 25% of that.
dealing with trying to improve And I can tell you that we are
We have all these bins. So when you come in, if you have
trash, it goes in there.
Plastic goes in there. Paper goes in there.
Some person comes in with a half-chewed McDonald's Big Mac,
boom, that bin is junk now. That's the mentality and
reasonable expectation that we
( inaudible ) need Please.blish.
Does the university charge, is there a student fee for
computers?
Other universities, as part of their fee, students are
charged $100 or $200. >> Not that I know of.
I do not believe so.
computer fee? >> Nobody's charged anything.
As I said, the problem is, has
they haven't had to include that been, and continues to be that
Because in certain ways, they are right, in certain ways.
What they are saying, some
argument here, is that when we people, just a hypothetical
$800 million worth of grants, bring 40% is the indirecte bring
reimbursement fee that comes. So if my grant is going to cost
$100,000 I'm going to charge NSF
And that difference comes to the for $140,000.
That means you guys take care of university.
that. That money does not come to thed
facilities. That money gets washed with
everything else, partially to the history department, to this
department, to physical plant.
one side, and the fact that the state has been picking up the
energy bill on the other. People have not had the
incentive to think it through as, if I do this, this is a cost
of doing business.
You're talking about the Are there any other comments?
You're talking just about the University of Wisconsin, so that
if you took a building like the Capitol, and Monona Terrace, and
other buildings, you'd come up
Absolutely. But you know, just in Madison,
I'm saying this is like no
If a reasonable system exists where you identify reasonable
project, you get reasonable funding for it, and you
implement it, and people play ball, okay, in a reasonable way,
I can tell you that losing 20%
Actually, in my heart, I would is not a big deal for me at all.
the year 2010, a few years, that like to see a day where before
go to all these signs and slash betweethe 20% and put 30%.nt to
But you know what my worry is?
get funding, and we do not do these things, we do not create
the success of momentum, I may
a cross over "We conserve," hand change it to "We failed."t
I really think we're going
We have identified a lot to succeed.
to happen, but there's just ofa lot of potential.ing
This is just the first round
of 20% savings. thatThat stays everywhere.tial
This is based on all the work that we have done in the past
ten years.
20%. On top of that, we're talking
haven't done anything. Many campuses, many facilities
very reasonable goal. STemperature guidelines is a
another issue here. The state requires in the
wintertime, for example, the
degrees in these rooms. The fact of the matter is that
people don't want to be that. They consider that to be too
cold. So we have an executive order
from the governor several years ago that says everything has to
be set to 68 degrees. So it took us about six days to
go through every single room and
So we have two types of thermostats.
Almost 50% of them are the kind that you can control with a knob
yourself. And the other percent, you
cannot. The intent is that you wouldn't
touch it. So how many thermostats do you
think we have on this campus? Over 10,000.
We had to go to every single one
going to change this to 68 of them and say, hello, we're
I want to tell you this story here, because I'll never forget
it. I was doing my--
I was doing a class on
So I left the room, and in the a Saturday in Grainger Hall.
maintenance guy. hallway, I run into a
doing here?" I said, "Hey, Pete, what are you
adjusting all the thermostats." H" I said, "How was it?"e
He goes, "Terrible, man." This room, as you know,
is not the adjustable kind. Every single thermostat has got
some kind of a screwdriver
And this is Grainger Hall. pushed in it.
building. So I can only shake my head.
On the way back to my class,
over there. And the person says, "Oh, I saws
you talking to Pete." I said, "Yes, Pete was doing
the thermostat adjustment." The person pulls out this
little device from their pocket and says, "Don't worry about it,
I'm fixing it.
and don't worry about it." You go back to class
There is a cat and mouse game. ( laughter )
going to set their thermostat to Any time you tell people you're
cold." 68 degrees, "No, that is too
that's too high. You set it to 75 degrees,
I don't want to get into So the point is therefore,
All I want to do is people, please do the right thing.
I don't know what your body temperature requirements are.
And it's not going to hit us if it's one degree this way, one
degree that way.
at 68 degrees, and then decide The fact is if we set everything
one degree temperature change is to change it to 69 degrees, that
a year. gIt's not the end of the world0
when you're talking about $50 million.
Sir?
if air is cold outside, it >> Let's say about winter, like
the air. wrings all the moisture out of
really dry. So, 68 degrees in the wintertime
doesn't feel as comfortable.
Most people, in the summer, when it's relatively humid,
you're not taking into
Plus, having lived in Phoenix, consideration humidity.
touch the TV and you get you know, I get tired of you
You go through doors backwards. If somebody shook hands, you get
electrocuted. I mean, it's too dry.
That's why I'll tell you
I have like -- something.
Sure. >> And my electric bills were
like a fifth of other people, because they figure
refrigeration costs more, so it must be better.
I appreciate that.
consider in wintertime, you spend hundreds and hundreds, ifo
not millions of dollars to
That's one. >> I think it's health.
No question.
pushing 68 degrees. And But in the summer, it'sabout
interesting.
78 degrees, I get them mixed up. In summer, it's 75 degrees, or
On our campus, in the summertime, which one do you
think is going to save more energy?
If you set your thermostat to 78
thermostat to 68 degrees, which one do you think is going to be
more costly?
68 degrees is going to be costlier in the summertime,
right?
Because what happens in the summertime, because this region
has the humidity factor, when we
right at the air handling system bring the air from outside,
to get the humidity out of that we chill it doair.o 55 degrees,
So that comes to your room at 55
Now, your thermostat warms that air up to what you want it to
be. So I'm better off for you to
have real cold rooms in the summertime, because warming it
up is going to be costing us. That's a major difference
between a home HVAC system and
have here. sophisticated buildings that we
have to have a sustainable But the bottom line here is we
If we set things to be solution.
to fight it. unreasonable, people are going
thermostats in a correct way, leaving for the weekend, turn it
down, come back, turn it up.
If we establish those things, I think we will realize
a savings.
budgetary policies. And Yes, ma'am?king
In your previous slide, your
When you talked earlier about putting up panels that make the
windows not operable, so. >> No, I am not suggesting that
we should or should not have
I am saying that as part of opreasonable expectations, wee.
should agree to standards.
conditioning a building, there For example, if we are air
the window. is nWhen they open a window,open
they basically screw up the entire building.
However, people are saying
to have fresh air. that it is my human right
has to be operable. So That is an issue.ndow
Okay? >> Are there fire code
requirements for having operable windows?
No. That is a case in your home,
where you have to use it
That is not the case here. as an exit in case there's fire.
reasonable expectation says you've got to do this or that,
and that. And that becomes a standard
that this campus agrees to, so that we can set our systems
accordingly.
Some place like a house would have drapes that are rated for
insulating? So like in the summertime, you
know, you could pull the drapes.
And it's another dead air space that's a barrier.
Absolutely. >> You know, like in Grainger
Hall, they have those windows.
some of those things would just have some drapes or something
that could be clear to let the
space. light in, just create a dead air
And the lighting, for example, >> Absolutely.
sophisticated enough that they the lighting systems now are
turn off and on accordingly can sense themselves. light, and
But it comes back, again, to the
I want to give you-- standards.
of the Biotech building, right? WeThe new section here,on
my friend designed it.
basically, all that glass, okay, And you would notice that
the wintertime. But in the summertime, it's not.
This place is cooking.
of design did you do? AWhy do you call yourselfd
an architect?"
He said to me, he said, "You know, I had these windows
recessed a little bit." So naturally, the building
provides a little awning for
And then they said, no, no, no. We would like the look of this
thing to resemble a computer
I can't remember. chip That's the case, okay.hing,
If I put drapes in some of the
very nice. rooms, it's not going to look
So it all comes down to Andexpectations.sue.
This whole issue. I don't want to beat this thing
too much. But it all comes down to that
point.
Certain neighborhoods-- ( inaudible )
You're not allowed
It doesn't look nice. to I had solar collectors.oof.
They trap the sun for hot water.
In certain neighborhoods, it doesn't look nice,
you can't have it.
clothes drying on a clothesline. You're not allowed to have
We don't like it. IWe don't care if our electrice.
bills are $300 instead of $50.
This is how we got here. >> Absolutely.
have is not the creation of one I mean, tor two days. that we
And it's not going to be solved over one or two days.
So the question is, what can we do that's the middle ground.
And the way that I have drawn it
to cut waste. iYou're not going to create orng
ask for austerity,
is sustainable. beThere are campuses that havey
made 68 degrees, or whatever, the rule.
And there's a chain of email
another saying, "Oh, what are that you experiencing?" one
This campus sends me pictures that the university has actually
issued gloves to people,
They have issued these little, fingerless gloves.
they're actually blankets for Iyou to throw on your lap whent
you're working. How long is this going to last,
do you think? And they're asking me, "What do
think we should do?"
( laughter ) Chill out is what I think.
incentive-based energy budgeting So the rational and
the discussion. Because without it, people are
not going to take it seriously. My kid is not going to take it
seriously unless that light that's burning for nothing
starts to compete with her beer money.
Then I can maybe, maybe at that point, some things will change.
So the last one is responsible
Basically, I start talking about actions in our principles.
We need to promote an environmental protection and use
of alternative energy source as a campus.
That's what intelligent people
We can't not talk about this. That has to be a vision for the
future. We have to contemplate what we
want to be. Just because somebody comes in
here and says "This is
Build a building a $50 million as a gift.
Should we do it or not? I'm not saying we should or
should not. That's not my place.
But I'm saying that this
dialogue, should be able to contemplate what they want to be
later on. Because at times, I feel that we
are doing things just because we
And that's a serious issue, can I think.day.
But we have to accept-- Whatever we do, we have to agree
that we are going to
for the results. have to accept responsibility
that responsibility, then whatever we do is just fine.
We have to do waste prevention, as I mentioned to you.
We have to practice common sense.
We have to reduce unnecessary equipment.
We have to consider energy use
But again, it all comes down to waste prevention not austerity
as the message. And it is a responsible action
to prevent waste. We need to get involved in the
motivation of people. I want to talk to you about this
just a little bit.
conserve.wisc.edu We haWe put this up.alled,
It has some information about what we're doing.
It also has this one part where you can go and you can say I
pledge that I'm going to put my computer in sleep mode.
I'm going to turn lights off
unnecessarily. when I see them on
Common sense things. I'm not going to waste water.
you're going to do, and that And you can pick which ones
So I consider this to be a becomes your pledge.
and a half, we have had close to success because in the past year
this site. 13,000 people that have visited
Most are from UW-Madison. ThSo that accounts for a big.
percentage. But furthermore, we have from
every like 12 people that have
site, one has pledged. come to the site to visit the
That says that we care. We want to be involved in this.
We need to get these people.
those people, because we know So we're who they are.aign using
We know that they have an interest in this.
We have established, basically, a grassroots campaign.
So we will establish, this
chapter for We Conserve program, coming semester, a student
formal organization that we will actually have a
educational programs all the way students are involved, from
fundraising, they need to get to concerinvolved.he way to
And I hope that the same thing
That's why it's really my wpleasure to be here today..
To just be able to tell you what's going on.
Why is it okay for the alumni to
to build a new building? come in and give us $50 million
$5 million to improve the energy Why shouldn't they say this is
It's not an unreasonable efficiency of the school?
Collaboration and cooperation are also huge, as you know.
Without that, especially on this
happen. We need to tap into student
passion.
And we need to align, most We need to brainstorm.
align our activities with the imporacademic activities. and
This is a world renowned
We should create some kind of a synergy between what we're doing
and what we're doing in our academic set.
We also have to create
I mentioned to you seeking gifts opportunities.
Embedding conservation agenda in and grants.
It's a state of mind, because when you come in and you say I
have to change the heating
I have a more efficient one to system in this building because
doing is you're also getting rid put in, what you really are
sitting there. of this 80-year-old junk that's
So they come hand-in-hand, your energy conservation projects can
resolve some of your deferred maintenance headaches.
And the same way, if you are
maintenance work, you should going to come in and do some
way that will also save energy. thiAnd they go hand-in-hand.n a
And this rebate program here. There's a program called focus
on energy that the state has. Now, this year has become
eligible for us.
them for some money. We're going to go big time after
compliance. This business of this is a
faculty governance, you can not force anyone to do anything.
I agree and I respect them a
agreement that this is what lot, buneeds to happen.e some
So with all that said, is the mission possible?
I say yes.
reports right now. I wanted to give you some
in the past year and a half, we Whave identified in the heating
and cooling area, $2.7 million of savings.
We've implemented some of those.
to be a target We have identified computers
We have reduced our electrical for $1.5 million.
a million dollars. consumption by close to
have seen our Web site, you know, one out of ten have gotten
involved in the pledge. And this is what's going on.
So I consider those to be possibilities that will lend
themselves to our success by
And the reward for success is yehuge.10.
Because if we reach our goal, we
carbon dioxide by 100,000 tons will reduce our emission of
We will save $10 million cash. per year.
6,000 students from this campus that know what the real issues
are.
leaders of tomorrow. And they're going to be the
university's values and It wiresolves.se our
And we will sleep better! So as one of the sign says,
"If Not Now, When?
So with that, I am happy If Not Us, Who?"
from you, please. t( applause )uestions
Thank you.
Looking around the room, Yes, ma'am?
that could be maybe? do you see anything
has to be done for the >> I think part of this thing
I understand that. television crew.
We actually are going to do But your psomething.ll taken.
I want to talk about this.
program. It's called the Energy Smart
we'll work with you to see all We will come to your office, and
have in your office. the opportunities that you would
See if you have too much Put your computer in sleep mode.
See what your heating and cooling problems are.
What your thermostat situation
What your work schedule is like. is.
will tweak your energy To try to see opportunities that
And that clearly, this room would be one of those that we
would come to.
Dare I bring up the issue of But point well taken.
using on campus? coal fired plant that we are
what's happening or is going to What's the happen?of that, and
I mentioned to you the
What we have to have-- pattern of consumption.
Charter heating plant, which is These twthe coal one.have the
And we have one on Walnut Street
And next to it is the new Co-Gen that's gas.
These plants produce steam. We transport the steam through
the tunnels.
underground tunnel system here There's about seven miles of an
We use it for the heating. to the various buildings.
summertime, and a certain degree At the same time, the
chilled water and distribute it in the wias well., we used
And then we return the
or cool it and that's what condensate back and we heat it
That is the bloodline for this happens.
Without energy, for every one hour, just for cost, for every
one hour, the chancellor likes
shut down, it costs us a million to say that this university's
But it's more than a million bucks.
We have research that has been bucks issue.
And if the fluctuation of temperature exceeds five
degrees, perhaps, that whole
So not providing resources, energy to these buildings is not
a possibility.
reality is that 70% of our So with that established, the
technology that's very old. Those boilers that we have in
the Charter Street heating
Al Fish likes to say, plan"Certified pre-owned"d, as
in the 1950's.
And to replace them with They are that old.
balance out several issues. somethiOne is the cost.got to
So let's say hypothetically,
we can turn that off. rigAnd we create some plantand
somewhere that uses natural gas.
That's impossible. Let's just say that.
But let's say that's a The infrastructure is not there.
What that will do, it will possibility, hypothetically.
by $20 million a year. increase our energy price
but will not get rid of them. IGas has emissions, as well.,
Not as bad as coal. But secondly, if there is a
problem with gas supply here, we are out of luck.
And the consequences are huge.
trying to do-- So what we have been
The state statute requires us to use the least expensive fuel.
So it's not our prerogative to
because we're going against go out ththe statute.d on gas,
So what we have to do here, in decisions for our production
side, we have to balance
And not necessarily in this order, but those are the four
issues we have to balance.
The second thing is the Oneenvironmental factor.or.
Third, is the laws and the
have. And the fourth is reliability.
Those are the four things that
Money, we have to meet the money we have to have.
Rules, whether they are coming budget that we have.
that are set or DOA, whatever from EPthe rules are.statute
We have to maintain reliability.
capacity that when something And we have to have enough
ready to jump in and pick it up. goes down, the other thing is
that will provide us this. So there are clear technologies
for. And that's what we're pushing
However, it will cost somewhere We doaround $300 million ofther.
investment to go and use a
perhaps coal or something else, tbut also uses biomass as a
burning fuel. It will save a lot of money for
us and will pay for itself in a very short period of time.
But also, when we generate the
unused steam, or the pressure that we produce, we are able to
generate electricity. So right now, just under 10
Megawatts of electricity is produced here locally.
This accounts for somewhere around one-sixth or so of our
consumption.
to co-generate more. That will increase our ability
save money. It takes money to protect the
environment.
We have to, the show must go on. Austerity is not the solution.
we have to have. That's the important thing that
And these are the tools that The show must go on.
We don't have enough gas boilers we've got.
The location and distribution tosystem of the campus is suchs.
that we have to have that location as a hub for a lot of
things. And what
we've done, even though it was
violation of some EPA rules, in my opinion, we have done the
right thing.
takes to keep this machine We have basically done what it
And as a result of that, we've running.
used to. made it more efficient than it
guilty of some technicality, So what we're guilty of, we're
But it is what it is. Now the Sierra Club thinks,
says, we're going to reduce consumption by coal burning by
15%.
we're going to push that to gas. What that really means is that
shift. We have that much capacity to
costs. It's going go increase our
conservation and other things, And we're also hoping that with
So it will sort of balance out we will reduce our consumption.
But we are working with the state to decide financing and
political issues to solve this
But it's not as simple as the newspaper or a sentence here and
there, they kind of make it to
articles. be in the Sir?papers and
How long is it going to be
economically feasible? before LED light bulbs become
much of an advantage to use And at that pthose?will they be
LED lights, right now, are
All the exit lights that we have being used.
lights, as far as our on campinvestments.all LED
There are over 6,000 of them. The lighting technology is
changing so fast that as time,
it, the other one comes along. one, matures and you invest in
lights, from going to the kind Clearly, from fluorescent
by changing that electronic ballast and the bulb, going from
T12 to T8.
consumption by 30-some percent, That actioon the spot.e reduces
That's a great investment.
last year, our total usage of Wincandescent light bulbs was
less than 3,000.
compact fluorescent lights, and That meanthis and that.hanged to
So I do not know what the technology is going to do.
The lighting technology, they're
going to spend your money first going to mon the T8.hat you're
Right when you're getting done
And right as you do that, with they'll introduce LED.e T5.
So it is a game.
I don't know. But I would not, at this point,
worry as much about lighting on our campus, as I would worry
about HVAC. Because HVAC accounts
for 70% of all usage. Lighting, 5%.
So I think we have a much bigger
than in lighting. bBut eventually, after thise
campaign is successful, I would like to have another run, with
another 20% goal. At that time, these issues
will come up. Sir?
A lot of these buildings, do
with the temperature much? you measure the humidity along
Yes, in some buildings, >it is part of our HVAC..
In some we don't. It depends on the age and the
technology that's there.
dry right now. >> This building seems pretty
In my room, I've got one of these temperature and humidity
things. So I track it.
Right.
range, when you're health-- >>When your nasal passages andn
stuff dry out, you get bloody noses.
I appreciate that.
we have it right everywhere. Again, I'm not suggesting that
not get it right. BeIn this building, I think wean
should be able to get it right. But humidity basically means
that we've got to produce the steam over there and we've got
to dump it in this room.
Bleed some in once and a while. >> Right, and I believe that
we're doing it. Whether we're doing a great job
or not, it's a matter of room by
I don't know what the profile in room, building by building.
Sir? this building is.
How did the 20% by square foot >> The 20% by 2010 number.
reduction overall? reduction, compared with 20%
I'm trying to get a hold of that number in my head.
Why the square foot, I guess. >> Why the square foot is that
right now, the campus is
So if I were to say 20% reduction overall, that means
that I have to anticipate exactly what the growth is and
calculate accordingly.
to be 20%. And at that time, it's not going
9%. So the 20% is a goal, where it
says per square foot, on
And if a new building is going average, I want to reduce that.
this is a major, major building up, like that came.building,
It's a half a million square
I don't know if you've seen it feet.
It's beautiful. It's gorgeous.
Open. And lots and lots of energy is
going to go there.
building, the details are not correct, are not available to
the engineers of who's going to use this room for what purpose.
So we have to let things settle.
and we'll do this re-commissioning process that Ig
was talking about.
should be. Then we will set it to what it
a Microbial research building, At that point, if you want have
business. So my goal is to right-size our
energy usage. And the other end of this thing,
on the production side, is to right-size the production tools
with better technology for
But if you're going to grow this boilers and this and that.
parking lots right there. In a few years from now, a good
percentage of these parking lots
They're going to be ramps, are going to be eliminated.
build a new building. b$1.5 billion of construction
is a lot of construction
So that's why. on this campus.
Do you know off the top of John, and then you.
campus and its buildings, what your head, because you know the
are really bad energy usage per are the cosquare foot.ding that
Is it the older ones? >> Laboratories, clearly.
Your most expensive building to run per square foot base is
Biotron.
run, doesn't matter the square The most expensive building to
The Chemistry building, we just got done with our commissioning.
process.
it depends what we end up doing, And in Chemistry, we identified,
$800,000 of savings per year. In Biotron, we just got theo
closing study.
to find $100,000 worth of And in theresavings.e only able
Biotron has got these rooms.
okay. But they each have their unique
ability to produce any climate
So you can set this room up to that you want in the world.
room to be the forest in South resemble Alaska, and the next
That's the research that goes on America.
So if you're going to do that kind of research, I don't care
that it's in Madison, Wisconsin,
It's going to cost you. oThat's the cost of doing
business. And there's nothing wrong with
that. Energy is there for proper use.
So with Biotron, all these years
"Look at that waste." We went out there, there isn't
that much waste.
going to do in the next few months, hopefully, and we'll be
good. But what you see on the surface
is really not what it is. The non-laboratory buildings,
clearly, have no business using as much energy.
But in there, I want to give you
It comes ties to this reasonable an example of this.
So how many of you are familiar exwith Teachers Ed?ss.
Teachers Ed is a building where you have a library and offices.
So imagine this building as four
of my discussion here. columns, just for the purposes
high, each column has its own Eachair handling system.ors
So we provide cooling and heating to that unit, via that
unit, to that column. In three of those, let me
investigate this, in three of those, 8:00 or 9:00 at night, we
shut these units down till
energy during the night. morning, so we're not wasting
that's not happening. We The unit is run 24/7.one,
And when we found the reason, the reason was that they have,
in one of these floors, they
department decided to use as a have a small room that the
And the server room has to server room.
So therefore, here we are running this major air handling
unit, 24/7, because of that little, dinky room.
That would save us some $20,000 a year.
So we said, okay, what is the cost of putting an independent,
local system, for that room only.
The cost was $17,000. That has an eight-month payback.
But when we talked to the department and said, look, we
have some money, you guys need
decided to have a server room. to come up with this because you
what, why don't you give us a couple of months and we'll move
somewhere else."
like that, it's the occupancy So thethat drives it.ilding
In a laboratory building, it's
safety and energy. not the occupancy, it's also the
see laboratory buildings to be So by default, you are going to
non-laboratory buildings. mSir, you had a question.n
Yeah, in the summertime, the
films at night. SIt is absolutely freezing.
Why is that?
I have to assume it's because of >> Social Science building,
We have to cool the air to 55 the reasons degrees.ned earlier.
And we're not warming it up for your comfort zone.
So in a way, if Social Science
which I think it does, and building has a re-heat system,
we are saving money by freezing tyou in the summertime in thaten
building. That gives us a lot of pleasure.
( laughter )
why 55 degrees? >> That's the temperature that
we have to bring the air to to get rid of the humidity.
Otherwise, if we send humid air to your room, it's going to be
much more difficult for us to reach the comfort zone that you
want. >> Any more questions?
Sir?
venerable old buildings like >> What about some of the
Hall, and such. How inefficient or efficient are
these?
Those buildings, Bascom Hall Science Hall?
But South Hall and North Hall, is a little different.
What's the worst case scenario? It does not have a sophisticated
system, so basically we are able
And we cool it locally, so it's to conot an issue.t it.
When we're talking about the big
point of view, it does not come pictuon the radar screen.aving
And the potentials are not
Science Hall, for example, does not have much air conditioning
in there. It's got this old one-pipe
system. And therefore, that building,
when it gets renovated, at some point in life, then it will have
a much more sophisticated system, which will increase the
energy consumption of the building.
But it will give you a lot more pleasure.
Sir?
it seems to be my opinion that >> Efficient or not efficient,
the future? it's ( no audio )going down in
...other buildings are. And I would not consider
to be efficient or inefficient. It's always somewhere
in between. It has 28 or 34, I believe
it's 28 separate air handling units for the whole thing.
So we are able to control them
not consider it to be a headache in a better way, so I would
Maybe two more. >> Yeah, your mic died,
so let me give you another. >> Okay.
Thank you so much.
This university is very lucky to have someone like you.
Thank you very much.
talk to faculty groups and to >> I hopemany others.give this
I'm trying to.
I really do appreciate this. Thank you very much.
As a matter of fact, one of the things that has proven to be
quite successful is some faculty
to the students. has invited me as guest speaker
the students have been is that And my biggest complaints with
They're not taking the matters they are not getting involved.
They're waiting for somebody into their own hands.
And I tell them, who is the esomebody else?.
I'm an old man. I'm going to go.
If you don't take it. And then we're also working with
the faculty.
do. So that'sYes, ma'am? trying to
Go ahead. >> I was wondering about a
graduation requirement in basic conservation, a course in basic
conservation. >> That would be my goal.
That is what we're working
We already have programs for towards.
But I would like it to be a much internships for people.
So if you're going to come to this university, you want to be
a Badger, and you also want to
and when you graduate, you know be what you're talking about.e,
Whether you practice it or not, that's not my responsibility.
But I think we need to make sure
realities of life. you got exposed to all the
it's then your choice not to do the right thing, which is just
fine. ( applause )
Thank you very
much.