- Josie Osborne: The Layton School of Art
was started by two women in 1920,
Miss Partridge and Miss Frink.
- Charlotte Partridge and Miriam Frink
met at Downer College for Women in Milwaukee
in 1915.
Historically, women's colleges were a place where
romantic female relationships could safely thrive.
For Partridge and Frink,
their love and commitment for each other
thrived for more than 50 years.
- Josie Osborne: Charlotte Partridge was charismatic.
She was just sort of lovable, right?
She smiled a lot.
She was the gregarious one.
Miriam Frink, she was much more serious
and let Charlotte be the front person.
- The two made friends with Milwaukee businessman
Frederick Layton, the meatpacking millionaire
who had opened the Layton Gallery in 1888,
and filled it with grand works purchased on his travels.
In 1920, Layton offered the gallery basement
to Partridge and Frink to hold classes.
But the art they would inspire
would be radically different
from the old works that filled the gallery's walls.
- Josie Osborne: Charlotte Partridge and Miriam Frink
were more aligned
with what was happening in terms of
the European avant-garde.
- European avant-garde movements
like Cubism and Dadaism
challenged artistic conventions,
shocked some,
and spoke deeply to others.
- Josie Osborne: For Charlotte Partridge and Miriam Frink,
they brought these avant-garde ideas into their teaching,
into their own art collection in their home,
and embraced it.
[piano]
- In the house the couple had designed and built together,
they hung modern works of art
at home among bold creative expressions.
- Josie Osborne: There's a pretty strong connection
between queer identity and avant-garde movements.
There's something about growing up
knowing you're different
from what the rest of society says people should be,
just makes you more open to new ideas.
- New ideas fueled
Partridge and Frink's avant-garde art school.
- Josie Osborne: The Layton School of Art
was basically an incubator for creative expression.
- Like Europe's Bauhaus, the Layton School
put art and design on equal footing.
Nude drawing classes
were attended by students of both sexes,
something previously unheard of in Milwaukee.
Generations of graduates would contribute
to the city's art scene and design of its products.
- Josie Osborne: They're developing these creative minds,
really sent a lot of people out into the community
with this training and this understanding
of what was possible.
- All things seemed possible for the Layton School.
Through the Great Depression,
the two leaders took no salary to stay open.
During World War II, they held free art shows
intended to build public support for the war effort.
After the war, enrollment boomed.
Partridge and Frink would greet the 1950s
with a bold plan for a new modern home for the school.
But times were changing.
- Josie Osborne: The 1950s were not, not a good time to be a woman.
Definitely not a good time to be a queer woman.
They had just raised all the money
to build this amazing building.
Then it was determined that it wasn't appropriate
for two women to be leading a school of national reputation.
- The Layton School's male-dominated board
forced Charlotte Partridge and Miriam Frink to leave the school
they founded and nurtured for decades.
Their last work
was scratching a pencil edit to the board's resolution,
making it crystal clear
that their retirement was not voluntary.
Without their leadership,
the Layton School ultimately struggled.
Its sleek headquarters were condemned for a highway project
in the late '60s.
A few short years later, the Layton School closed.
The doors shut on a life's endeavor.
The couple remained involved in Milwaukee's community,
with Partridge leading efforts in building senior housing.
Their impact on the city's art scene would live on.
In 1974, a group of former Layton School instructors
started the Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design (MIAD).
MIAD continues today
as a world-class art and design school,
training students in understanding what's possible.
A legacy sparked by Charlotte Partridge and Miriam Frink.
- Josie: I discovered what bad--
[whispers] Can I say 'badass?' [laughs]
I discovered what total badasses they were!
These stories are beginning to emerge
that gay and lesbian people
are making a huge difference in our culture.
They're people who blazed a trail
for me to be able to be who I am.
But they're also people who did great things.