You
Hey, everyone, we will get started in just one moment. We want to make sure that oh, I think that everybody is in and has record capability.
So we will get going right now.
And we want to thank you for joining.
You know, I'm back to school immunizations and keeping Wisconsin's kids healthy.
I know you all saw this morning's news release new DHS data show school year vaccination rates held steady for 2024 2025 school year.
And the one we published on Saturday DHS confirms first cases of measles in Wisconsin this year.
We have links to both of those in the chat.
Dr Ryan Westergaard chief medical officer in the DHS Bureau of Communicable Diseases is here to answer your questions.
We do only have a half hour with him. So we're going to start with one question. If we can get through everyone and we have time, we'll go around again for follow ups.
But we'll start right now with brief remarks from Dr Westergaard.
Good afternoon. Thank you for joining us today is we talk about the very important topic of childhood immunizations.
This topic is especially timely this week for two reasons. The first is that Wisconsin DHS has released school vaccination data for the 2024 25 school year, which provides an opportunity to highlight and discuss the importance of getting our kids all of the recommended
scenes before they go back to school this fall. The second reason we're speaking today is that Wisconsin is reporting that our first cases of measles in 2025 were confirmed over the weekend.
There have been nine cases among Wisconsin residents, all of them live in Ocanto County. We're not going to report.
And we're not reporting any hospitalizations or deaths among cases.
We're not sure respect the privacy of individuals. We're not sharing any additional individual information about the cases.
Thanks to childhood vaccines, many illnesses like measles and pertussis that were once very common in childhood are now much less common. However, when vaccination rates decline, then cases of vaccine preventable illnesses can surge.
Last week, the CDC was reporting 1333 measles cases confirmed across the US in 2025. This is more than 1000 cases higher than the level was in 2024, which was 285.
The Wisconsin school vaccination data show that during the 2024 25 school year, 86.4 of Wisconsin percent of Wisconsin students met the minimum immunization requirements.
This tells us that most Wisconsin families are protecting their children with vaccines.
But unfortunately, this level is below where we need to be to protect our state against outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases.
As we head into the new school year as a physician and as a father of kids who attend public schools, I want to encourage all caregivers to reach out to a trusted health care provider with many questions or concerns that you have to concern to ensure that students are up to date on their vaccines this year.
Thanks, and I'll be happy to take your questions now.
That Dr. West regard we will questions beginning with Sean Kirkby at Wisconsin health needed Sean Kirkby.
Hi, thanks for holding this. I was wondering, Dr. West regard as the state taking any additional actions, such as acquiring more.
We have been preparing for case investigations and outbreak response for months.
As I mentioned, there's been more measles than there have been in quite a few years across the country.
So, while we weren't surprised that we had our first cases this past week, we were prepared and we've been making sure that we have adequate MMR vaccine in stock and have worked in partnership with all of our local and tribal health departments to make sure that we have
a solid response that everyone is aware of. And so far for this, for this case, and things have gone well. These cases things have gone well. And we, we feel confident that we're prepared for any additional cases if they should arise.
Okay, yes, no general from action to news in Green Bay to the people infected. Did they visit any place where they would infect others.
In order to RSVP so we appreciate that, but we're going to go now to Scott that or get us one moment.
Yeah, hey, Dr. Thanks for doing this.
What, what is the message you want to give to parents who have not vaccinated their children for whatever reason.
And what do you think is an effective, you know,
message to get through to those people
that hasn't worked so far?
I think the best way for parents to get information
is from a healthcare professional
that knows their family
and whom they have a trusted relationship.
So for many families,
childhood immunizations are a fact of life
and they've accepted them when they're recommended.
But we know other families have questions and concerns
and my recommendation as a public health physician
and as a physician who sees individual patients
is bring on your questions.
If there are questions you have,
if there are information that you've seen online
or heard that makes you question the safety
or the effectiveness, let's talk about them.
We need to listen to each other.
There are no bad questions.
What we want is that people can have the conversations
that they need with trusted healthcare provider
so they can make the right decisions.
There's near unanimity among people
who have seriously reviewed MMR safety data
and other childhood vaccine data
that they are unbalanced, very safe and very effective
and continually monitored for safety and adverse events.
So the recommendation is to ask your questions
and make the decision that we think is that
you think is in the right to protect the health
of your children.
Thank you, Dr. Westergaard.
Now to Sarah Volbanheim, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
Sarah.
Hi, thanks for taking my question.
Were any of the nine cases vaccinated against measles?
Yeah, thanks for the question.
As I said, we in public health
have to balance individual privacy
for what the public needs to know about our location.
And so, questions about individual's medical history
and that includes whether they were vaccinated
are things we're not releasing
because to protect personal protected health information.
So, we're really only releasing information
about the county of residence and the number of cases.
Are you able to say anything about,
we're gonna go now to Baylor Spears,
Wisconsin Examiner, Baylor.
Hey, thanks for taking my question.
The cases and sort of your push for parents
to vaccinate their kids comes as,
there are some Republican lawmakers
who are pushing to increase awareness
around Wisconsin's exemptions.
I guess, how well publicized would you say,
Wisconsin's exceptions currently are?
And what do you make of that push
as we're seeing cases of measles?
Yeah.
Yeah, yeah, thanks for that question.
So, in the report that we shared about our school vaccination
levels for 2024-25, we indicated the number of families
that have requested at least one exemption
for school vaccines requirements and it was about 6.7.
So, this is higher than most states.
In fact, we're one of only 13 states
that has the personal conviction waiver.
Many states do not allow that.
It's only for health reasons or for religious reasons.
So, I also know that in the forms that schools share
with families about vaccines,
there's a notice about the availability
of vaccine waivers for the requirements.
So, we feel in public health
that knowledge of the exemptions or the waivers
is commonplace.
We don't hide them, but our recommendation
is that people get their kids vaccinated
because we as a public health entity feel
that any risks are far outweighed by the benefit
both to individual health and to our community health.
Thank you.
Now to Jennifer at Southern Lakes Newspapers.
Jennifer?
Jennifer at Southern Lakes.
All right.
We'll try to get back to her.
We'll go now to CBS 58 in Milwaukee.
CBS 58.
All right.
What about Nina?
NBC 26.
Nina at NBC 26.
What constitutes an outbreak and is this technically or not?
An outbreak here in Wisconsin?
Yeah, that's a good question.
So, there's a formal definition.
CDC uses for an outbreak, which is, I believe, three.
I'll double check this, not two,
but when I looked at this recently,
I think it's three cases occurring in a community
that represent transmission within a community,
not a single exposure to a known case.
So this, we are not considering these cases to be an outbreak
because the investigation demonstrated a single known source
of exposure to the nine individuals out of state.
So that's to say that we don't believe there's a high risk
of ongoing community spread.
The cases had a common exposure to a place out of state,
but in the US where they were believed to contract the virus
and there have not been evidence that others have been exposed
or that others outside of this linked exposure group
have been symptomatic.
Thank you.
Now to Anna Marie at Wisconsin Public Radio.
Hi there. Thanks for hosting us.
I just wanted to ask, not just looking at the past year,
but looking back many years,
how do this year's school vaccination rates compare?
What are the trends?
Yeah, that's a good question.
I just wanted to ask,
not just looking at the past year,
but looking back many years,
how do this year's school vaccination rates compare?
Yeah, that's a good question.
We have a, we have an infographic that I believe we shared.
There's, there's, there is a link to it in the, in the web,
in the, in the news release.
The one figure shows from 2004 to 2005.
The number that are in it that are behind schedule or in process.
And for the, about the past 10 years,
there has been an increase in those categories.
So it states from the, you have to,
the axes aren't labeled precisely, but if you can,
if you look at that, if you look at that figure that shows the number
that are behind schedule from about 2019,
it goes up pretty significantly.
And the number behind schedule now where it was 3.8% of 2024 and 25.
So hopefully that info, set of infographics can answer your question.
Thanks.
Thank you.
Rhonda Fox, Spectrum News, Rhonda.
What city in O'Connell County did these measles cases happen?
And what date did the patient report measles exposure?
Okay. Thanks. Those are, again, we, we, we sort of released this information
according to a standard that we use for every case and every outbreak.
That includes identifying where people lived at the county level only and not,
not more granular, not at the locality level because of privacy concerns.
Thank you. Now to Jason at Fox six and Milwaukee.
Thank you for your time.
When you talk to people that have used the religious exemption,
they'll talk about the NMR vaccine and talk about rebel in particular,
derived from aborted fetuses.
What is the state doing to maybe urge manufacturers to separate the measles vaccine
from the other components of that NMR?
My knowledge, the state has not engaged with any manufacturers on that issue.
And now to Jeremy.
Jeremy.
Hi, did the people in effect to visit any place where they would infect others?
Good question. The, the answer is that.
We, we do not, the investigation that's been driven by our,
our colleagues at the local health department has not demonstrated,
have not identified a public source where we need to do public notification.
The way this.
Is that if an individual is exposed to someone with a communicable disease,
they will be notified individually and we don't share that information publicly
about those interactions.
But if there is a, a public exposure, for example,
a person who's in their infectious period goes to a grocery store or is in church,
and we don't, we can't identify all the people who may have been,
that may have been exposed.
We will do a public notification of a possible source of exposure.
And we are not doing that. We have not identified any such potential exposures
from, from these cases. So thanks for, thanks for that question.
And thank you for that. Dr. Westergaard. Now to Emily at Fox 21 Emily at Fox 21.
So I was just curious going forward.
Just because the Wisconsin vaccination rate is just a little,
there's still behind from the national average.
What are things that you guys are going to do going forward to kind of.
Maybe increase that. And I know you said as much as you can,
like people need to go to their local health care provider,
but there's, is there anything outside of that?
Yes, another, I mean, another important resource to know that has been in place
for many years, but we, we want to keep, you know,
strengthening and drawing attention to it is that for,
for people that don't have potentially don't have.
Easy or ready access to a source of primary care.
Many of our health departments participated in the vaccines for children program
and can administer vaccines at either at the health department or at satellite locations.
Pharmacies are now an increasingly used source of places to get,
to get vaccinated as well.
Between these sources are, you know, our, our, our mantra or our strategy is for
increasing vaccinations is that there's, there's no wrong door.
We want vaccines to be.
We want, we want the recommendations to be.
Understood in a widespread way and we want to have multiple points where
parents can interact with a vaccinator, whether it be their primary care.
Primary care clinic where they go to see their general pediatrician or one of these
public health locations such as a health department or, or a participating pharmacy.
So there should be, there should be multiple options.
If it's not easy to get into a primary care physician or primary care pediatrics practice.
Thank you. Not too bleak.
WISN Blake.
Hey, Dr. Westergaard.
Thanks so much for taking some time out to answer some questions.
Mine is kind of a two part or just based on symptoms alone.
We know it takes about 10 to 21 days for symptoms to show after coming in contact
with someone with measles is there a concern that more people could be infected
than, and their symptoms just haven't started to be shown yet.
And then also you say the risk is low right now.
Where do you base that information on to say the risk is low?
Yeah.
Yeah, both both good questions.
So the, the local investigation as I mentioned did not identify specific
individuals or groups of individuals that we think have been exposed to
individuals.
If they're, if those occur, those, those outreach events happen privately
between a local health official and the family or the person who's in,
who's in contact with them.
So it's, you're right, when we have, when we have any case,
there is a period of time where we can't say 100% with 100% certainty
that additional cases will not, not present.
So that's why we always remain vigilant for the full, you know,
two incubation periods after cases.
So even after the cases are resolved, after the symptoms go away and after
people are no longer considered infectious with measles or another
communicable disease, we maintain vigilance.
People who have been potentially exposed are notified are reminded to monitor
for symptoms and report if they, if they develop any symptoms and are given
information about how to get tested if necessary.
So we're, we don't consider of our, our community or in an outbreak setting,
the outbreak to be over until enough time has passed that.
Would anyone be in the incubation period that those symptoms would have come,
would have happened by now. So I hope, I hope that's, that's helpful.
Thank you for that. Dr. Westergaard, Alex Mo was business.
Alex, are you on the call?
Yes. Thank you for taking my question.
I wanted to ask about the typical pattern for the measles spreading in the state.
For example, is it likely to see other cases in the surrounding area?
Typically order clusters of cases like this kind of pop up independently.
Yeah. Thanks. That's a, that's a good question.
So in, in, in recent years in Wisconsin, I think last year, there was a single,
there's one case last year.
In the, in the decade before the COVID pandemic,
there were most years had zero cases. So the way these typically go is.
If a unvaccinated person is,
is exposed to someone with measles that usually occurs out of the country or out of the,
out of the state.
And when they get sick in Wisconsin, it is the,
the role of local public health, state public health and,
and clinicians to do everything that we know how to do to prevent it from spreading.
We've been generally pretty successful with that over the past,
you know, over the past couple of decades, meaning, and if you,
if you look at our numbers of cases of measles over the past 20 years,
that you'll see a lot of zeros, ones in twos, meaning most of the time,
when we have a case, it is imported, it's, it's a returning traveler or someone
who was exposed in a place where measles is, is, is actively spreading.
And, you know, and, and then through isolation,
notification of people who are exposed through vaccination of people in the,
in the area who have been exposed to have not been vaccinated.
There, there's a number of things we can do to minimize the risk that it spreads
further than the single, the single new case.
We're doing all those things now.
We are optimistic that we know how to, you know,
we know how to address these cases.
You know, is, is, is it always a hundred percent?
No, sometimes additional transmission can, can occur.
And there's a lot of examples around the United States right now where
individual or small clusters of cases have continued to spread
onward in the community.
So that's why, you know, that's our partners in the, in the local
and tribal health departments.
That's what they train for.
It's why we have protocols.
It's why we have systems to distribute vaccines for, for,
for prevention and for post-exposure prophylaxis.
And all those things are being done in, in, for these cases to, to make the,
the risk that additional cases will pop up as low as it possibly can be.
Thank you.
Benita Matthew, Green Bay Press Gazette, Benita.
Hey, thanks for taking my question.
So I was wondering like what the threshold is for school,
when you talk about school vaccinations, what the threshold is for like a dangerous
vaccination level.
And like what percentage of kids need to be vaccinated to prevent sickness
from really dramatically spreading?
Good.
Okay. Good. Good questions. So there, there is, um, you know,
transmission can, can occur anytime that a person who has measles,
who is in their infectious period,
comes in contact with someone who is not protected through vaccinations.
So, so some transmission can happen, um, you know,
anytime there are people who are unvaccinated on a, on a population level,
there is a rule of thumb that we aim for whereby it's, if we do have an introduction
of a case that it's very unlikely to cause an outbreak.
And that rule of thumb is 95%.
It's, it's higher than from in measles than it is from any conditions because measles
is, is, is so extraordinarily transmissible.
One of the, one of the most contagious viruses that, that we know about.
So, um, but the, the, the classical teaching in public health circles is that if a,
if a vaccination coverage is at 95%, it makes the likelihood that any single
introduction, when you measles case, it will just be very unlikely, um,
to, to be able to, for that spark to essentially, you know,
create a fire that will start to spread in the community.
So that's, that's why we pay a lot of attention and we do want to do a lot of,
um, you know, public education about the fact that we are below 95%.
And then our schools vaccination rate is, is below 90% actually.
So it's, it's a target that we all want to, want to aim for to try to get, um,
you know, our vaccination rate up to that level.
Thank you.
Desiree Fisher, WSAW.
Desiree.
WSAW. Are you on the call?
All right. We will try to get back to her if there is time.
Uh, Deborah Fitzgerald.
Deborah Peninsula Pulse.
All right. Moving on to WDIO. Michael at WDIO.
Ed at WFRV.
WFRV.
Erica Edwards. Did you have a question?
All right. And Deirdre, do you have a question?
Hi, yes.
Um, thanks for hosting this. Um, I was just wondering if you could talk a little bit more about the point of exposure.
Um, I understand balancing, you know, personal information with public interest,
but I was all of the outbreaks that are happening across the country right now.
I'm wondering if you could share a little bit more information about where these cases stemmed from.
Oh, sure. About the source of exposure. So, um, yeah, as I said before, we're only disclosing that it was exposure to a common.
Uh, to a source of exposure.
In the U.S. in a different state where measles cases where there have been active and there are, there are 40 as of last week.
Um, on this from the CDC data aggregator, there have been 40 states where measles cases have occurred this this year's.
Um, so far, not to say that they all currently have active, active, um, cases.
Um, but again, for privacy reasons, um, we're not disclosing the specific location of travel.
Thank you for that. And we do have just a few moments left. We've gotten through our list. Um, I, we do have time for just a couple of follow up.
So I'm going to start at the top. I apologize for not getting to everyone, but Sean Kirkby. Do you have a follow up?
Yeah. Can you just sort of talk a little bit about what's being done to control the outbreak and account account.
I mean, is there any indication that there could be spread beyond the nine cases right now?
Yeah, thank, thank you, Sean. Um, so, uh, as I think I've, I've described already the, the core, um, activities in the local public health response is, uh, case investigation and contact tracing.
So, um, when we have people who have tested positive or have or have been close contact in our confirmed cases, we do a detailed history.
Um, investigating the places that they've been and people that they've been in contact with.
If through that investigation, people are identified as between being potentially exposed, those individuals, um, work with public health to identify their vaccination status, not vaccinated or they eligible to get vaccinated.
To be, to become, to become vaccinated. And if there are any public locations where people may have been during their infectious period, we do a public notification. So all of those things have been, have been going on now.
The, the risk that secondary cases occur in that region is not zero, but because of, um, our, our discussions with local health department.
Um, we, we feel at the risk is low because the cases through that investigation, we have not, we have not identified, um, significant exposure to other people in the community.
Thank you for that. Uh, Scott Bauer, do you have a follow up?
No, I'll pass.
Thank you. Sarah Wolfenheim. Yeah, thanks. Um, I'm wondering, Dr. Wester, if you could talk about what it tells you that the school immunization rates for diseases other than meningitis seem to have remained steady from the 2324 school year to this past one.
Yeah, it tells us that we, we still have work to do.
The meningitis is the newest one, and that is, um, I think there's reasons to that are understandable why the meningococcal vaccine that there are more people who are who are not up to date with with that one because it was just recently added, but for the other ones.
Um, the fact that the levels have remained more or less stable tells us that we need to keep doing this, you know, the strategies of education and encouragement and championing evidence based practice so that people have the right information to about the importance of getting their kids vaccinated
and also make sure that we have good access through all the way that it's like this locations that we discussed before through primary care visits, local health departments and pharmacies.
Um, we will continue to do more of the same to try to get that number up in the years ahead.
And we will have to leave it there. Good note to leave it on. Thank you, Dr. Westergaard. Thanks to all of you for participating. If you need any additional information, if you have additional questions, just reach out to DHS media.
Have a good afternoon. Thanks.
Thank you.