1
00:00:01,030 --> 00:00:03,429
So I'm going to get the temperature

2
00:00:03,430 --> 00:00:04,430
here.

3
00:00:09,730 --> 00:00:10,730
OK.

4
00:00:40,430 --> 00:00:42,409
All right, we have a very humid day

5
00:00:42,410 --> 00:00:43,410
today.

6
00:00:45,440 --> 00:00:47,359
So it is 1340.

7
00:00:49,900 --> 00:00:50,900
What was the temperature?

8
00:00:52,560 --> 00:00:53,759
Negative 20 of it.

9
00:00:53,760 --> 00:00:55,859
It is minus

10
00:00:55,860 --> 00:00:57,159
25.4.

11
00:01:04,379 --> 00:01:05,379
See you

12
00:01:19,270 --> 00:01:20,359
All right.

13
00:01:20,360 --> 00:01:21,119
And just initial.

14
00:01:21,120 --> 00:01:23,019
Oh yeah,

15
00:01:23,020 --> 00:01:23,729
time and initial.

16
00:01:23,730 --> 00:01:24,950
Yeah, it's 13.

17
00:01:30,230 --> 00:01:31,649
Alright, then you want me to read

18
00:01:31,650 --> 00:01:32,789
them off as I put them in?

19
00:01:32,790 --> 00:01:34,289
That's my best part.

20
00:01:34,290 --> 00:01:35,290
I'm here.

21
00:01:42,310 --> 00:01:44,539
All right, so Ruth.

22
00:01:44,540 --> 00:01:45,109
Truth.

23
00:01:45,110 --> 00:01:46,489
Those must be the fresh ones.

24
00:01:47,530 --> 00:01:48,530
Just that.

25
00:01:57,250 --> 00:01:59,589
All right,

26
00:01:59,590 --> 00:02:00,929
big stone.

27
00:02:00,930 --> 00:02:01,849
12.

28
00:02:01,850 --> 00:02:02,850
Yep.

29
00:02:05,900 --> 00:02:07,099
Mom?

30
00:02:07,100 --> 00:02:08,100
12.

31
00:02:11,690 --> 00:02:12,690
Silver Sure.

32
00:02:14,210 --> 00:02:16,129
Uh, five,

33
00:02:16,130 --> 00:02:17,130
yes.

34
00:02:17,870 --> 00:02:18,389
That's all of it.

35
00:02:18,390 --> 00:02:20,609
All right, that's it.

36
00:02:20,610 --> 00:02:21,610
Okay.

37
00:02:28,200 --> 00:02:30,199
Alright, so then we'll

38
00:02:30,200 --> 00:02:32,279
go down the hall if you want

39
00:02:32,280 --> 00:02:33,719
to do the patients here.

40
00:02:33,720 --> 00:02:35,779
Is the fan okay or that is

41
00:02:35,780 --> 00:02:37,309
there a lot of interference?

42
00:02:37,310 --> 00:02:38,629
If we could turn it off that would

43
00:02:38,630 --> 00:02:39,630
be awesome.

44
00:02:46,360 --> 00:02:48,339
Yeah, I don't know what

45
00:02:48,340 --> 00:02:49,719
happened today but the humidity in

46
00:02:49,720 --> 00:02:50,960
the building is crazy.

47
00:02:59,430 --> 00:03:01,249
Yeah, I've got the mic

48
00:03:01,250 --> 00:03:02,770
so I can talk if that helps.

49
00:03:04,710 --> 00:03:07,229
So once we receive the fish,

50
00:03:07,230 --> 00:03:09,449
we grind them using

51
00:03:09,450 --> 00:03:10,769
a KitchenAid mixer.

52
00:03:10,770 --> 00:03:12,449
So this is our homogenization

53
00:03:12,450 --> 00:03:13,709
process.

54
00:03:13,710 --> 00:03:15,689
And the reason we do this

55
00:03:15,690 --> 00:03:17,789
is to make sure that

56
00:03:17,790 --> 00:03:19,749
when we take a small

57
00:03:19,750 --> 00:03:21,449
sample of fish to do the mercury

58
00:03:21,450 --> 00:03:23,349
analysis, we're getting

59
00:03:23,350 --> 00:03:25,269
a uniform portion of the

60
00:03:25,270 --> 00:03:27,219
sample. When we do the

61
00:03:27,220 --> 00:03:29,079
actual mercury analysis, it's

62
00:03:29,080 --> 00:03:30,979
about 0.2 grams of tissue

63
00:03:30,980 --> 00:03:33,559
that we weigh out for the analysis.

64
00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:35,399
So it's a very small part of the

65
00:03:35,400 --> 00:03:36,400
sample.

66
00:03:36,800 --> 00:03:38,159
And so we want to make sure that

67
00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:40,339
it's just representative of

68
00:03:40,340 --> 00:03:41,960
the entire filet that we have.

69
00:04:04,800 --> 00:04:06,659
So we put the fish through the

70
00:04:06,660 --> 00:04:08,679
grinder three times.

71
00:04:08,680 --> 00:04:10,499
The first time we catch the first

72
00:04:10,500 --> 00:04:12,619
little bit that comes out and

73
00:04:12,620 --> 00:04:14,599
throw that away because

74
00:04:14,600 --> 00:04:16,739
we want to make sure, we

75
00:04:16,740 --> 00:04:17,999
do a very good job cleaning

76
00:04:18,000 --> 00:04:19,338
everything, but we want make sure if

77
00:04:19,339 --> 00:04:21,018
there was any fish that was hung up

78
00:04:21,019 --> 00:04:22,899
in that grinder that we're

79
00:04:22,900 --> 00:04:24,859
throwing away that first portion

80
00:04:24,860 --> 00:04:26,879
when it comes out.

81
00:04:26,880 --> 00:04:29,179
So send it through the first time.

82
00:04:29,180 --> 00:04:31,979
It comes out of the grinder,

83
00:04:31,980 --> 00:04:34,319
gets homogenized in the bowl.

84
00:04:34,320 --> 00:04:35,859
Then we send it through two more

85
00:04:35,860 --> 00:04:36,860
times.

86
00:05:07,540 --> 00:05:09,939
Where did this sample come from?

87
00:05:09,940 --> 00:05:11,969
This sample is from

88
00:05:11,970 --> 00:05:12,970
on.

89
00:05:15,840 --> 00:05:17,540
This is from Lake Superior.

90
00:05:18,860 --> 00:05:21,299
We have a mixture of

91
00:05:21,300 --> 00:05:23,279
fish that were caught for a

92
00:05:23,280 --> 00:05:24,739
fall project that they did.

93
00:05:24,740 --> 00:05:26,579
So this is actually a Cisco that was

94
00:05:26,580 --> 00:05:29,039
caught in Lake Superior near

95
00:05:29,040 --> 00:05:30,959
Red with many

96
00:05:30,960 --> 00:05:32,819
of the fish that we do.

97
00:05:32,820 --> 00:05:34,859
For walleye, the largest portion

98
00:05:34,860 --> 00:05:37,259
of what we do are walleye.

99
00:05:37,260 --> 00:05:39,219
And so every summer,

100
00:05:39,220 --> 00:05:41,199
we get between about 400

101
00:05:41,200 --> 00:05:43,199
and 450 walleye that

102
00:05:43,200 --> 00:05:45,079
we homogenize each one individually

103
00:05:45,080 --> 00:05:47,099
and then analyze those for mercury.

104
00:05:48,940 --> 00:05:50,939
The walleye that we do our from

105
00:05:50,940 --> 00:05:53,259
inland lakes in Wisconsin,

106
00:05:53,260 --> 00:05:55,119
Michigan, and Minnesota.

107
00:05:55,120 --> 00:05:56,999
The fall samples that we get

108
00:05:57,000 --> 00:05:58,939
are all samples that are from Lake

109
00:05:58,940 --> 00:06:00,679
Superior, and there are a variety of

110
00:06:00,680 --> 00:06:01,680
species that we Thank you.

111
00:06:04,640 --> 00:06:06,479
Does the species difference make a

112
00:06:06,480 --> 00:06:08,079
difference in the amount of mercury

113
00:06:08,080 --> 00:06:09,339
based on the food chain?

114
00:06:09,340 --> 00:06:11,179
Yes, exactly.

115
00:06:11,180 --> 00:06:13,719
So if we're doing something that's

116
00:06:13,720 --> 00:06:15,439
eating organisms that are lower on

117
00:06:15,440 --> 00:06:16,979
the food chain, they're going to

118
00:06:16,980 --> 00:06:17,999
have less mercury.

119
00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:19,899
So for example, whitefish have lower

120
00:06:19,900 --> 00:06:21,819
mercury levels than

121
00:06:21,820 --> 00:06:23,939
a lake trout.

122
00:06:23,940 --> 00:06:25,879
Walleye are the ones that have a lot

123
00:06:25,880 --> 00:06:27,799
of higher concentrations

124
00:06:27,800 --> 00:06:29,839
of mercury overall,

125
00:06:29,840 --> 00:06:30,840
I would say.

126
00:06:34,870 --> 00:06:36,849
So then we take, after the third

127
00:06:36,850 --> 00:06:38,849
time it goes through and it's

128
00:06:38,850 --> 00:06:41,069
mixed within the bowl, then we

129
00:06:41,070 --> 00:06:42,489
fill one of these vials.

130
00:06:42,490 --> 00:06:44,469
They hold about 20 grams of

131
00:06:44,470 --> 00:06:45,669
fish.

132
00:06:45,670 --> 00:06:47,769
And we seal it up and

133
00:06:47,770 --> 00:06:49,669
we put them all in a container

134
00:06:49,670 --> 00:06:51,869
and then they're frozen.

135
00:06:51,870 --> 00:06:53,869
Once we get about 30 to 40

136
00:06:53,870 --> 00:06:55,829
fish, then we're ready to do the

137
00:06:55,830 --> 00:06:57,229
analysis.

138
00:06:57,230 --> 00:06:58,989
So how many fish would you say you

139
00:06:58,990 --> 00:07:00,929
can process in a day?

140
00:07:00,930 --> 00:07:01,819
30 on a good day.

141
00:07:01,820 --> 00:07:04,119
About 30 in a day.

142
00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:06,119
So we generally

143
00:07:06,120 --> 00:07:08,019
do the, we

144
00:07:08,020 --> 00:07:09,839
do a lot of this upfront

145
00:07:09,840 --> 00:07:11,739
and then later on we kind of

146
00:07:11,740 --> 00:07:13,639
come back in and start doing more

147
00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:14,640
of the analysis.

148
00:07:16,220 --> 00:07:17,779
So then a really important part of

149
00:07:17,780 --> 00:07:19,779
this, the part that's

150
00:07:19,780 --> 00:07:21,419
probably our least favorite, I've

151
00:07:21,420 --> 00:07:23,279
grown thousands of fish on

152
00:07:23,280 --> 00:07:25,139
this project,

153
00:07:25,140 --> 00:07:27,139
but the Washing is

154
00:07:27,140 --> 00:07:29,639
the very most important part.

155
00:07:29,640 --> 00:07:31,519
Because if you're not getting

156
00:07:31,520 --> 00:07:33,899
the dishes clean, then the fish

157
00:07:33,900 --> 00:07:35,799
analysis that we do later on could

158
00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:37,479
have contamination in it from an

159
00:07:37,480 --> 00:07:38,480
earlier fish.

160
00:07:39,460 --> 00:07:41,779
And we really

161
00:07:41,780 --> 00:07:42,979
rely on the students that we have

162
00:07:42,980 --> 00:07:45,119
here at UWS to help us make

163
00:07:45,120 --> 00:07:46,859
sure they're doing a good job.

164
00:07:46,860 --> 00:07:48,139
We also do a lot of quality

165
00:07:48,140 --> 00:07:49,699
assurance on the project.

166
00:07:49,700 --> 00:07:52,179
So when we're

167
00:07:52,180 --> 00:07:54,139
doing grinding the fish,

168
00:07:54,140 --> 00:07:56,059
probably every hundred samples we do

169
00:07:56,060 --> 00:07:57,060
a tuna sample.

170
00:07:57,800 --> 00:07:59,879
That's called a procedural blank.

171
00:07:59,880 --> 00:08:01,519
So we take just a portion of the

172
00:08:01,520 --> 00:08:03,759
tuna sample out of the container,

173
00:08:03,760 --> 00:08:05,619
drain the water out of a container,

174
00:08:05,620 --> 00:08:07,239
take a portion the sample and just

175
00:08:07,240 --> 00:08:09,179
put it directly into a container and

176
00:08:09,180 --> 00:08:10,999
then we would process

177
00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:12,999
the tuna just as we have with

178
00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:14,639
the walleye.

179
00:08:14,640 --> 00:08:17,159
And once we've done that

180
00:08:17,160 --> 00:08:19,099
we put that into a

181
00:08:19,100 --> 00:08:21,199
vial and then analyze those

182
00:08:21,200 --> 00:08:23,099
as a before grinding and after

183
00:08:23,100 --> 00:08:24,699
grinding to make sure that we're not

184
00:08:24,700 --> 00:08:26,129
adding any mercury.

185
00:08:26,130 --> 00:08:27,689
Or losing any mercury in the

186
00:08:27,690 --> 00:08:29,509
process. So that's

187
00:08:29,510 --> 00:08:31,529
a good check to

188
00:08:31,530 --> 00:08:33,288
make sure that we are keeping things

189
00:08:33,289 --> 00:08:35,149
clean as we're processing the fish.

190
00:08:37,049 --> 00:08:39,349
So the washing process

191
00:08:39,350 --> 00:08:41,569
is just washing

192
00:08:41,570 --> 00:08:42,990
the sample with,

193
00:08:46,329 --> 00:08:48,289
Washing the sample with a

194
00:08:48,290 --> 00:08:50,849
laboratory cleaning

195
00:08:50,850 --> 00:08:53,089
solution called Liquinox,

196
00:08:53,090 --> 00:08:54,729
we rinse things off to make sure we

197
00:08:54,730 --> 00:08:56,629
don't get a lot of the tissue

198
00:08:56,630 --> 00:08:58,489
going down the drain and clogging

199
00:08:58,490 --> 00:08:59,429
things up.

200
00:08:59,430 --> 00:09:01,689
But yeah, washing the things and

201
00:09:01,690 --> 00:09:03,669
then we soak them in a

202
00:09:03,670 --> 00:09:05,609
dilute acid solution for

203
00:09:05,610 --> 00:09:07,169
a minute.

204
00:09:07,170 --> 00:09:09,209
That also helps to remove any

205
00:09:09,210 --> 00:09:11,169
residual metals that we

206
00:09:11,170 --> 00:09:13,269
would have that would be

207
00:09:13,270 --> 00:09:15,129
in the in

208
00:09:15,130 --> 00:09:17,429
the sample analysis

209
00:09:17,430 --> 00:09:18,430
portion.

210
00:09:19,530 --> 00:09:21,029
And then they get rinsed really well

211
00:09:21,030 --> 00:09:23,109
with distilled

212
00:09:23,110 --> 00:09:24,109
water.

213
00:09:24,110 --> 00:09:25,969
And then that distilled just gets

214
00:09:25,970 --> 00:09:28,549
rid of any extra residual soap,

215
00:09:28,550 --> 00:09:30,549
acid, and then we put the

216
00:09:30,550 --> 00:09:32,249
thing back together and repeat the

217
00:09:32,250 --> 00:09:34,709
process over

218
00:09:34,710 --> 00:09:36,090
and over and over.

219
00:09:37,250 --> 00:09:39,129
It's, you know, I kind of

220
00:09:39,130 --> 00:09:42,049
miss these days grinding because.

221
00:09:42,050 --> 00:09:43,949
It can be mindless, you can listen

222
00:09:43,950 --> 00:09:45,909
to a podcast, you can listening to

223
00:09:45,910 --> 00:09:47,249
music. If you're in here with

224
00:09:47,250 --> 00:09:49,229
someone you enjoy working with, lots

225
00:09:49,230 --> 00:09:51,189
of visiting, so it's

226
00:09:51,190 --> 00:09:52,409
really not that bad.

227
00:09:52,410 --> 00:09:53,410
Some days I miss it.

228
00:09:55,740 --> 00:09:57,039
What if you're 70 and you don't

229
00:09:57,040 --> 00:09:57,359
enjoy it?

230
00:09:57,360 --> 00:09:59,079
Well then it's less fun.

231
00:09:59,080 --> 00:10:00,080
Then you put on a podcast.

232
00:10:02,010 --> 00:10:03,509
That way you can place podcasts in

233
00:10:03,510 --> 00:10:03,930
the car with me.

234
00:10:03,931 --> 00:10:04,931
Could be.

235
00:10:07,620 --> 00:10:09,459
He just really likes to learn or

236
00:10:09,460 --> 00:10:11,059
have fun.

237
00:10:11,060 --> 00:10:12,179
He needs a little comedy in his

238
00:10:12,180 --> 00:10:13,180
life.

239
00:10:13,640 --> 00:10:15,579
So is this a grad student or

240
00:10:15,580 --> 00:10:16,169
regular student?

241
00:10:16,170 --> 00:10:18,289
Regular student, we

242
00:10:18,290 --> 00:10:20,409
don't have any graduate

243
00:10:20,410 --> 00:10:22,309
students here at UWS.

244
00:10:22,310 --> 00:10:24,709
In science, there's

245
00:10:24,710 --> 00:10:26,789
education, does have

246
00:10:26,790 --> 00:10:29,069
some, and I think maybe counseling,

247
00:10:29,070 --> 00:10:30,389
but not biology.

248
00:10:34,680 --> 00:10:36,819
So this is

249
00:10:36,820 --> 00:10:38,679
Jayden's first year here with us.

250
00:10:38,680 --> 00:10:40,559
She's only actually been doing this

251
00:10:40,560 --> 00:10:42,599
for maybe

252
00:10:42,600 --> 00:10:43,679
the last month.

253
00:10:45,800 --> 00:10:47,499
But we're very glad, we're always

254
00:10:47,500 --> 00:10:48,859
very glad for our students.

255
00:10:49,900 --> 00:10:51,899
It's a great opportunity to

256
00:10:51,900 --> 00:10:54,100
get some experience in the sciences.

257
00:10:56,040 --> 00:10:57,999
And ideally, not only is she

258
00:10:58,000 --> 00:11:00,339
in here grinding and washing dishes,

259
00:11:00,340 --> 00:11:01,579
she'll get to see the entire

260
00:11:01,580 --> 00:11:02,829
process.

261
00:11:02,830 --> 00:11:04,949
A lot of students use this as

262
00:11:04,950 --> 00:11:07,189
a capstone experience or

263
00:11:07,190 --> 00:11:09,049
an undergraduate research

264
00:11:09,050 --> 00:11:11,069
project where

265
00:11:11,070 --> 00:11:13,049
they can then, everyone

266
00:11:13,050 --> 00:11:15,569
here has to do a senior project

267
00:11:15,570 --> 00:11:17,549
presentation and so a lot of

268
00:11:17,550 --> 00:11:18,909
the students use the Glickwick

269
00:11:18,910 --> 00:11:21,449
research that we've done to

270
00:11:21,450 --> 00:11:22,829
present. So it's kind of nice

271
00:11:22,830 --> 00:11:24,449
because it gets that information out

272
00:11:24,450 --> 00:11:25,450
there as well.

273
00:11:26,980 --> 00:11:29,589
So what do the yellow and blue mean?

274
00:11:29,590 --> 00:11:31,789
We just have each

275
00:11:31,790 --> 00:11:34,029
lake gets a color and

276
00:11:34,030 --> 00:11:35,869
it's not specific to the

277
00:11:35,870 --> 00:11:38,049
lake each year, it's just

278
00:11:38,050 --> 00:11:39,969
so that we can kind of at a

279
00:11:39,970 --> 00:11:41,489
glance in the boxes that we have

280
00:11:41,490 --> 00:11:43,769
they hold 72 vials.

281
00:11:43,770 --> 00:11:45,289
I kind of like this

282
00:11:46,390 --> 00:11:48,589
so we just the lake identification

283
00:11:48,590 --> 00:11:50,329
and then the sample identification

284
00:11:50,330 --> 00:11:52,149
for the fish and then on

285
00:11:52,150 --> 00:11:54,669
the caps we have a

286
00:11:54,670 --> 00:11:56,229
code that we have come up with

287
00:11:56,230 --> 00:11:58,279
generally it's a three-letter code

288
00:11:58,280 --> 00:12:00,259
Um, and because we've done,

289
00:12:00,260 --> 00:12:02,199
because Glipwick samples the

290
00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:04,639
lakes kind of on a cycle, um,

291
00:12:04,640 --> 00:12:06,799
we've many of these lakes many

292
00:12:06,800 --> 00:12:08,699
times and so we have the same sample

293
00:12:08,700 --> 00:12:10,539
code year after

294
00:12:10,540 --> 00:12:12,399
year. Um, so that's kind of a

295
00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:14,419
nice way for us to just

296
00:12:14,420 --> 00:12:16,279
look at all those freezers that we

297
00:12:16,280 --> 00:12:18,379
have if we need to find a fish and

298
00:12:18,380 --> 00:12:20,259
be able to pull, pull fish

299
00:12:20,260 --> 00:12:22,089
from a particular lake.

300
00:12:22,090 --> 00:12:23,729
You have samples from Lake

301
00:12:23,730 --> 00:12:25,269
Mamacoggin?

302
00:12:25,270 --> 00:12:26,909
Is that one that they pull from?

303
00:12:26,910 --> 00:12:28,369
I know they do surveys there, but I

304
00:12:28,370 --> 00:12:28,570
wasn't sure.

305
00:12:28,571 --> 00:12:30,539
Right um

306
00:12:30,540 --> 00:12:32,599
I would have to look and

307
00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:34,419
not remembering right off the top of

308
00:12:34,420 --> 00:12:35,420
my head

309
00:12:36,800 --> 00:12:37,960
Certainly not a big deal.

310
00:12:40,420 --> 00:12:42,119
So, I don't know.

311
00:12:42,120 --> 00:12:43,899
I'm not really sure.

312
00:12:43,900 --> 00:12:45,579
So, um.

313
00:12:47,250 --> 00:12:49,089
Do you know, are they heavy

314
00:12:49,090 --> 00:12:50,950
samples from the nanopartype?

315
00:12:53,050 --> 00:12:54,669
We might.

316
00:12:54,670 --> 00:12:55,119
I'm checking.

317
00:12:55,120 --> 00:12:56,219
Yeah, we can check.

318
00:12:56,220 --> 00:12:59,839
We have the code breakdown,

319
00:12:59,840 --> 00:13:00,959
so it'd be a quick check.

320
00:13:00,960 --> 00:13:02,770
And she would have a sample of it.

321
00:13:06,980 --> 00:13:08,779
Let me check the numbers.

322
00:13:08,780 --> 00:13:09,839
That was the one we passed on the

323
00:13:09,840 --> 00:13:10,840
way here on the left, right?

324
00:13:12,200 --> 00:13:12,761
In the Amakawa, it's this one.

325
00:13:12,762 --> 00:13:14,530
It's by cable, yeah.

326
00:13:20,110 --> 00:13:21,799
So are we back in?

327
00:13:21,800 --> 00:13:23,380
We're gonna go into this

328
00:13:26,010 --> 00:13:27,649
Sometimes people do odd things out

329
00:13:27,650 --> 00:13:28,649
there.

330
00:13:28,650 --> 00:13:29,729
You probably saw Ethan Graham

331
00:13:29,730 --> 00:13:30,830
playing football years ago.

332
00:13:33,120 --> 00:13:34,779
He's our proud alone.

333
00:13:34,780 --> 00:13:35,899
Oh, cool!

334
00:13:35,900 --> 00:13:37,879
2017, yeah, all my classes were

335
00:13:37,880 --> 00:13:38,299
in Colton.

336
00:13:38,300 --> 00:13:39,899
Um, yeah.

337
00:13:39,900 --> 00:13:41,079
Never had class in here.

338
00:13:41,080 --> 00:13:42,909
The Mystic Rainfish

339
00:13:42,910 --> 00:13:44,289
But you would have, yeah, you missed

340
00:13:44,290 --> 00:13:45,089
your chance.

341
00:13:45,090 --> 00:13:46,789
How did you get out of having a,

342
00:13:46,790 --> 00:13:48,389
either had to take like an

343
00:13:48,390 --> 00:13:49,419
environmental class.

344
00:13:49,420 --> 00:13:51,039
Yeah, I did, um, I went to community

345
00:13:51,040 --> 00:13:52,859
college at DFU Maribu,

346
00:13:52,860 --> 00:13:53,959
so I kind of got all this taken care

347
00:13:53,960 --> 00:13:55,619
of and came up here for two years

348
00:13:55,620 --> 00:13:56,639
for my degree.

349
00:14:00,100 --> 00:14:02,339
Alright, so we

350
00:14:02,340 --> 00:14:04,219
have a new mercury analyzer this

351
00:14:04,220 --> 00:14:05,879
year we're very excited about.

352
00:14:05,880 --> 00:14:07,919
It's this DMA80, so it stands

353
00:14:07,920 --> 00:14:10,819
for Direct Mercury Analyzer.

354
00:14:10,820 --> 00:14:12,599
The thing we are excited about with

355
00:14:12,600 --> 00:14:15,259
this analyzer is that,

356
00:14:15,260 --> 00:14:17,059
as it says, it's a direct mercury

357
00:14:17,060 --> 00:14:18,119
analyzer.

358
00:14:18,120 --> 00:14:19,499
So in the past, when we were doing

359
00:14:19,500 --> 00:14:22,259
mercury analysis, we would have to

360
00:14:22,260 --> 00:14:25,019
digest the samples with

361
00:14:25,020 --> 00:14:27,819
concentrated hot acids,

362
00:14:27,820 --> 00:14:29,449
and that was dangerous.

363
00:14:29,450 --> 00:14:30,769
And not really great for the

364
00:14:30,770 --> 00:14:32,649
environment, but in order to get

365
00:14:32,650 --> 00:14:34,909
from the fish sample

366
00:14:34,910 --> 00:14:36,769
to having the mercury released

367
00:14:36,770 --> 00:14:38,169
in a form that the instrument was

368
00:14:38,170 --> 00:14:39,429
able to measure it, that's what we

369
00:14:39,430 --> 00:14:40,549
had to do previously.

370
00:14:41,650 --> 00:14:43,889
But this new instrument actually

371
00:14:43,890 --> 00:14:46,749
does thermal decomposition of

372
00:14:46,750 --> 00:14:48,409
the fish tissue.

373
00:14:48,410 --> 00:14:49,889
So basically what it does is it

374
00:14:49,890 --> 00:14:52,069
heats the fish up really hot over

375
00:14:52,070 --> 00:14:53,629
a short period of time.

376
00:14:53,630 --> 00:14:55,589
It takes about six minutes to get

377
00:14:55,590 --> 00:14:58,139
a mercury concentration from a fish.

378
00:14:58,140 --> 00:14:59,999
Using this instrument and

379
00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:02,099
so Yeah, we put a sample

380
00:15:02,100 --> 00:15:03,159
into a sample boat.

381
00:15:03,160 --> 00:15:05,299
I'll demonstrate that We

382
00:15:05,300 --> 00:15:07,139
push start and

383
00:15:07,140 --> 00:15:09,079
it gives us a concentration after

384
00:15:09,080 --> 00:15:10,979
six minutes Again, we

385
00:15:10,980 --> 00:15:12,839
do have a lot of quality

386
00:15:12,840 --> 00:15:14,739
assurance that goes in prior to

387
00:15:14,740 --> 00:15:16,659
that So we make up standards

388
00:15:16,660 --> 00:15:19,479
of known concentrations of mercury

389
00:15:19,480 --> 00:15:21,499
We do duplicate analysis

390
00:15:21,500 --> 00:15:22,879
of fish to make sure that we're

391
00:15:22,880 --> 00:15:24,619
getting the same concentration from

392
00:15:24,620 --> 00:15:26,918
the same fish if we repeat it

393
00:15:26,919 --> 00:15:29,699
We do spike concentrations.

394
00:15:29,700 --> 00:15:31,439
We spike samples with a known amount

395
00:15:31,440 --> 00:15:32,459
of mercury.

396
00:15:32,460 --> 00:15:34,439
So we can subtract that known

397
00:15:34,440 --> 00:15:35,579
amount of mercury and make sure

398
00:15:35,580 --> 00:15:37,619
that, again, we're recovering all

399
00:15:37,620 --> 00:15:39,479
of the mercury through the process.

400
00:15:39,480 --> 00:15:40,779
And then one of the other important

401
00:15:40,780 --> 00:15:42,439
things that we do is we have a

402
00:15:42,440 --> 00:15:44,219
certified reference standard that we

403
00:15:44,220 --> 00:15:46,259
run multiple times a day with each

404
00:15:46,260 --> 00:15:48,119
one of the fish samples or each

405
00:15:48,120 --> 00:15:50,079
one of the groups of fish samples

406
00:15:50,080 --> 00:15:52,059
that we use. So if we do 30 samples

407
00:15:52,060 --> 00:15:54,419
in a day, we would do our

408
00:15:54,420 --> 00:15:55,999
certified reference material.

409
00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:58,059
Probably three times, and

410
00:15:58,060 --> 00:15:59,899
the material that we use is

411
00:15:59,900 --> 00:16:01,839
called a dorm sample.

412
00:16:01,840 --> 00:16:04,419
It is from Canada,

413
00:16:04,420 --> 00:16:06,239
and it's actually dogfish liver

414
00:16:06,240 --> 00:16:07,059
tissue.

415
00:16:07,060 --> 00:16:08,899
So it is a fish tissue,

416
00:16:08,900 --> 00:16:10,719
so it's similar tissue type to

417
00:16:10,720 --> 00:16:12,359
what we're analyzing.

418
00:16:12,360 --> 00:16:14,199
So, it's important that we are

419
00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:16,119
using matrices that are similar in

420
00:16:16,120 --> 00:16:17,159
type.

421
00:16:17,160 --> 00:16:19,339
So I'll go ahead and show you

422
00:16:19,340 --> 00:16:21,179
the analysis that we do.

423
00:16:21,180 --> 00:16:22,321
So the first thing that we What we

424
00:16:22,322 --> 00:16:24,319
do is we weigh out

425
00:16:24,320 --> 00:16:25,159
a sample.

426
00:16:25,160 --> 00:16:26,979
So, in the other lab, we

427
00:16:26,980 --> 00:16:28,979
saw the sample being ground

428
00:16:28,980 --> 00:16:30,959
and put into these vials,

429
00:16:30,960 --> 00:16:32,479
so I took these out earlier.

430
00:16:35,040 --> 00:16:36,959
Again, when we did the acid

431
00:16:36,960 --> 00:16:38,819
rinse in the lab across

432
00:16:38,820 --> 00:16:40,699
the hall, we do that here in

433
00:16:40,700 --> 00:16:42,419
between samples to make sure that

434
00:16:42,420 --> 00:16:44,639
we're not carrying over

435
00:16:44,640 --> 00:16:46,499
any mercury, so

436
00:16:46,500 --> 00:16:47,899
we just have a little bit of acid

437
00:16:47,900 --> 00:16:49,839
there that I'm

438
00:16:49,840 --> 00:16:51,039
soaking in.

439
00:16:52,560 --> 00:16:54,379
I already put the boat

440
00:16:54,380 --> 00:16:55,669
here.

441
00:16:55,670 --> 00:16:58,329
And then I need to

442
00:16:58,330 --> 00:16:59,990
turn the balance on.

443
00:17:02,890 --> 00:17:04,289
Kind of mix this up to make sure

444
00:17:04,290 --> 00:17:06,608
that if there was any moisture in

445
00:17:06,609 --> 00:17:08,709
the vial, it's

446
00:17:08,710 --> 00:17:10,269
mixed back in with the fish.

447
00:17:12,780 --> 00:17:15,358
And then we weigh out approximately

448
00:17:15,359 --> 00:17:17,619
0.2 grams of fish.

449
00:17:18,899 --> 00:17:20,879
Trickiest part is

450
00:17:20,880 --> 00:17:22,719
getting it into the

451
00:17:22,720 --> 00:17:24,319
boat and not everywhere else.

452
00:17:31,920 --> 00:17:34,059
I'm going to stop right there.

453
00:17:34,060 --> 00:17:36,019
It's 0.187

454
00:17:36,020 --> 00:17:37,020
grams.

455
00:17:41,510 --> 00:17:43,549
Now we record the white.

456
00:17:57,670 --> 00:17:59,329
Let me go over here.

457
00:18:00,910 --> 00:18:02,629
There is a previous sample that I

458
00:18:02,630 --> 00:18:04,349
did in there. That's the dorm sample

459
00:18:04,350 --> 00:18:06,209
to make sure

460
00:18:06,210 --> 00:18:07,709
that we were getting the

461
00:18:07,710 --> 00:18:09,349
concentrations that we wanted this

462
00:18:09,350 --> 00:18:10,429
morning.

463
00:18:10,430 --> 00:18:12,249
So the sample's in there,

464
00:18:12,250 --> 00:18:14,349
then I have to enter the mass

465
00:18:14,350 --> 00:18:16,849
and the identification here on

466
00:18:16,850 --> 00:18:18,589
the screen of the sample.

467
00:18:18,590 --> 00:18:20,569
So I already did the

468
00:18:20,570 --> 00:18:22,649
identification code, but the

469
00:18:22,650 --> 00:18:24,549
amount that I weighed out, I need to

470
00:18:24,550 --> 00:18:26,210
enter here. So it's point.

471
00:18:28,170 --> 00:18:30,949
187 grams and

472
00:18:30,950 --> 00:18:31,950
then a check mark.

473
00:18:34,840 --> 00:18:35,840
Well, let's try that again.

474
00:18:43,570 --> 00:18:46,549
Okay, so 0.187 grams,

475
00:18:46,550 --> 00:18:48,469
check mark, and then I just go

476
00:18:48,470 --> 00:18:51,069
ahead and press this green light.

477
00:18:51,070 --> 00:18:53,069
When I press this arrow, what will

478
00:18:53,070 --> 00:18:55,209
happen is this carousel

479
00:18:55,210 --> 00:18:57,369
will rotate, and there's

480
00:18:57,370 --> 00:18:59,229
an arm here that will

481
00:18:59,230 --> 00:19:00,929
pick up the sample and it will push

482
00:19:00,930 --> 00:19:02,409
it into the furnace.

483
00:19:02,410 --> 00:19:03,989
Then we can't see anything beyond

484
00:19:03,990 --> 00:19:05,509
that, but we'll see on the screen as

485
00:19:05,510 --> 00:19:06,809
it measures.

486
00:19:06,810 --> 00:19:08,470
So I'm gonna push start.

487
00:19:09,930 --> 00:19:11,509
So it does that quick turn.

488
00:19:13,980 --> 00:19:15,819
Picks up the sample and puts it

489
00:19:15,820 --> 00:19:18,379
into the sample combustion chamber.

490
00:19:18,380 --> 00:19:20,219
The light here changes so that we

491
00:19:20,220 --> 00:19:21,739
know that it's in the process of

492
00:19:21,740 --> 00:19:23,619
doing an analysis and while

493
00:19:23,620 --> 00:19:25,539
it's doing the analysis that will be

494
00:19:25,540 --> 00:19:26,540
red.

495
00:19:27,640 --> 00:19:29,479
And then what we can do is we can

496
00:19:29,480 --> 00:19:31,559
click on here to watch the

497
00:19:31,560 --> 00:19:32,560
signal.

498
00:19:33,280 --> 00:19:35,259
So what's happening is

499
00:19:35,260 --> 00:19:37,839
there's a spectrophotometer

500
00:19:37,840 --> 00:19:40,139
that's built into this instrument,

501
00:19:40,140 --> 00:19:42,219
and it's able to measure

502
00:19:42,220 --> 00:19:43,220
the mercury.

503
00:19:44,250 --> 00:19:46,249
Absorption, the amount of mercury

504
00:19:46,250 --> 00:19:48,269
that is absorbed is relative

505
00:19:48,270 --> 00:19:49,689
to how much is there.

506
00:19:49,690 --> 00:19:51,429
So that's why we do a standard curve

507
00:19:51,430 --> 00:19:53,529
so we can determine

508
00:19:53,530 --> 00:19:55,349
a known amount will have this

509
00:19:55,350 --> 00:19:57,169
absorption so we could make a line

510
00:19:57,170 --> 00:19:58,229
out of it.

511
00:19:58,230 --> 00:19:59,829
A calibration curve is what we would

512
00:19:59,830 --> 00:20:00,949
call it.

513
00:20:00,950 --> 00:20:02,789
And then when we run a sample and

514
00:20:02,790 --> 00:20:04,889
get an absorption we can just

515
00:20:04,890 --> 00:20:06,889
calculate what concentration

516
00:20:06,890 --> 00:20:07,829
is in the sample.

517
00:20:07,830 --> 00:20:09,969
So you can see that

518
00:20:09,970 --> 00:20:11,929
on the screen it's showing we

519
00:20:11,930 --> 00:20:13,879
have absorption that's

520
00:20:13,880 --> 00:20:15,539
coming off from that particular

521
00:20:15,540 --> 00:20:16,540
sample.

522
00:20:17,440 --> 00:20:19,519
This instrument has three different

523
00:20:19,520 --> 00:20:21,399
cells built into it so what

524
00:20:21,400 --> 00:20:23,499
it will do is it will analyze

525
00:20:23,500 --> 00:20:25,399
the concentration in each

526
00:20:25,400 --> 00:20:28,079
one of the cells individually and

527
00:20:28,080 --> 00:20:29,919
it will give us a

528
00:20:29,920 --> 00:20:31,979
result based on where the best fit

529
00:20:31,980 --> 00:20:33,799
is for the line

530
00:20:33,800 --> 00:20:35,339
within which one of those cells.

531
00:20:36,700 --> 00:20:38,119
So it takes about six minutes to get

532
00:20:38,120 --> 00:20:40,739
an analysis here but

533
00:20:40,740 --> 00:20:42,200
that's what the process is.

534
00:20:43,510 --> 00:20:45,219
Let me see if you can see the graph.

535
00:20:45,220 --> 00:20:46,599
Yep, you can see the graph.

536
00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:48,339
It'll be a little bit easier once

537
00:20:48,340 --> 00:20:49,359
we're completely done.

538
00:20:49,360 --> 00:20:51,479
I can show you, so that's

539
00:20:51,480 --> 00:20:52,359
the sample coming off.

540
00:20:52,360 --> 00:20:54,239
We can come back to here, but this

541
00:20:54,240 --> 00:20:55,999
is the calibration curve.

542
00:20:56,000 --> 00:20:58,479
So here we had,

543
00:20:58,480 --> 00:21:00,599
going across the bottom here,

544
00:21:00,600 --> 00:21:02,779
it says mercury nanograms.

545
00:21:02,780 --> 00:21:04,679
So we know how much mercury we had

546
00:21:04,680 --> 00:21:06,519
in our standards.

547
00:21:06,520 --> 00:21:08,259
And then this is the absorption here

548
00:21:08,260 --> 00:21:09,919
on the y-axis.

549
00:21:09,920 --> 00:21:11,879
And so it's graphing

550
00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:13,099
the concentration.

551
00:21:14,430 --> 00:21:16,529
Versus the absorbance and

552
00:21:16,530 --> 00:21:18,509
it's because we're looking at

553
00:21:18,510 --> 00:21:19,510
a broad

554
00:21:21,670 --> 00:21:23,929
broad difference of

555
00:21:23,930 --> 00:21:24,989
concentrations here.

556
00:21:24,990 --> 00:21:26,949
It's actually an S-shaped

557
00:21:26,950 --> 00:21:27,729
curve.

558
00:21:27,730 --> 00:21:30,009
If you look at a

559
00:21:30,010 --> 00:21:32,149
smaller range

560
00:21:32,150 --> 00:21:33,889
of concentrations you have more of a

561
00:21:33,890 --> 00:21:35,769
linear curve and

562
00:21:35,770 --> 00:21:37,629
so what will happen is we'll

563
00:21:37,630 --> 00:21:40,169
get an absorption based

564
00:21:40,170 --> 00:21:42,629
on our sample there and

565
00:21:42,630 --> 00:21:44,549
using this curve we're able to

566
00:21:44,550 --> 00:21:46,869
calculate the concentration.

567
00:21:46,870 --> 00:21:48,569
So So that's the calibration curve,

568
00:21:48,570 --> 00:21:50,789
but if we go back to

569
00:21:50,790 --> 00:21:51,790
measure.

570
00:21:53,180 --> 00:21:55,179
That's, this is the sample right

571
00:21:55,180 --> 00:21:56,669
now that's being analyzed.

572
00:21:56,670 --> 00:21:58,609
So is it, for you,

573
00:21:58,610 --> 00:21:59,829
can you look at that and go, ooh,

574
00:21:59,830 --> 00:22:01,669
that's normal, that high, that

575
00:22:01,670 --> 00:22:03,128
slow, that...

576
00:22:03,129 --> 00:22:04,989
Not now because,

577
00:22:04,990 --> 00:22:06,869
not yet, because we

578
00:22:06,870 --> 00:22:08,689
have, because it has the three

579
00:22:08,690 --> 00:22:10,649
cells and it hasn't

580
00:22:10,650 --> 00:22:12,549
done all three of them yet so it's a

581
00:22:12,550 --> 00:22:14,369
little bit hard at this particular

582
00:22:14,370 --> 00:22:15,829
point, but once it's done running I

583
00:22:15,830 --> 00:22:17,769
can say oh yeah that's,

584
00:22:17,770 --> 00:22:19,250
it'll give us the concentration.

585
00:22:20,450 --> 00:22:21,869
Well, if we have a few more minutes,

586
00:22:21,870 --> 00:22:22,709
then Ethan will probably just get

587
00:22:22,710 --> 00:22:23,399
some close shots.

588
00:22:23,400 --> 00:22:25,559
Just were lucky we had,

589
00:22:25,560 --> 00:22:28,099
we

590
00:22:28,100 --> 00:22:30,819
had a

591
00:22:30,820 --> 00:22:32,899
process where when we do every

592
00:22:32,900 --> 00:22:34,759
sample we analyze,

593
00:22:34,760 --> 00:22:37,059
we charge ourselves basically

594
00:22:37,060 --> 00:22:38,879
for using it so it's coming hard

595
00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:40,519
to get grant funding for new

596
00:22:40,520 --> 00:22:41,919
instruments.

597
00:22:41,920 --> 00:22:43,559
So we have to kind of because we've

598
00:22:43,560 --> 00:22:45,239
been at this for so many years we

599
00:22:45,240 --> 00:22:47,249
know. We have to set

600
00:22:47,250 --> 00:22:49,309
aside money as we're going ahead.

601
00:22:49,310 --> 00:22:51,069
This is, like I said, I've been here

602
00:22:51,070 --> 00:22:52,569
since 1997 working on it.

603
00:22:52,570 --> 00:22:54,229
This is the fourth instrument I've

604
00:22:54,230 --> 00:22:55,049
used.

605
00:22:55,050 --> 00:22:56,889
So, yeah, we've had to

606
00:22:56,890 --> 00:22:58,449
replace three in the time that I've

607
00:22:58,450 --> 00:22:59,909
been here. That can analyze a

608
00:22:59,910 --> 00:23:01,230
variety of different metals.

609
00:23:02,810 --> 00:23:04,669
We've used that on projects

610
00:23:04,670 --> 00:23:05,949
with GlifWit.

611
00:23:05,950 --> 00:23:07,869
We've done things where they

612
00:23:07,870 --> 00:23:09,189
had a project a couple years ago

613
00:23:09,190 --> 00:23:11,509
that was the Thanksgiving project.

614
00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:14,459
Um, and that one, they

615
00:23:14,460 --> 00:23:16,039
were looking at,

616
00:23:17,880 --> 00:23:19,648
um, that's done now.

617
00:23:19,649 --> 00:23:20,489
That was quick.

618
00:23:20,490 --> 00:23:21,729
It is, it's quick.

619
00:23:21,730 --> 00:23:23,569
It's so quick. It's quick, and

620
00:23:23,570 --> 00:23:24,449
then look.

621
00:23:24,450 --> 00:23:25,809
So you saw what the tissue looked

622
00:23:25,810 --> 00:23:27,989
like prior to,

623
00:23:27,990 --> 00:23:29,349
you know, when I put it into the

624
00:23:29,350 --> 00:23:30,389
sample boat.

625
00:23:30,390 --> 00:23:32,009
Now that you're looking at it, it is

626
00:23:32,010 --> 00:23:33,490
just ash that's left in there.

627
00:23:35,890 --> 00:23:37,869
So it's a nice procedure too because

628
00:23:37,870 --> 00:23:39,549
we don't have a lot, we're not

629
00:23:39,550 --> 00:23:41,059
creating hazardous waste.

630
00:23:41,060 --> 00:23:43,119
Where does the mercury go?

631
00:23:43,120 --> 00:23:45,299
The mercury that was there

632
00:23:45,300 --> 00:23:47,399
is, there's a trap

633
00:23:47,400 --> 00:23:48,559
that's on the back of this

634
00:23:48,560 --> 00:23:50,539
instrument. It's a carbon trap, so

635
00:23:50,540 --> 00:23:52,059
it just catches the mercury vapor

636
00:23:52,060 --> 00:23:52,879
that's in there.

637
00:23:52,880 --> 00:23:54,579
That has to be replaced probably

638
00:23:54,580 --> 00:23:56,519
every year based on how often

639
00:23:56,520 --> 00:23:58,259
we use the instrument, but it's

640
00:23:58,260 --> 00:24:00,459
just, it's a small,

641
00:24:00,460 --> 00:24:02,739
about this quantity of carbon,

642
00:24:02,740 --> 00:24:05,119
activated charcoal basically,

643
00:24:05,120 --> 00:24:07,399
and so that is hazardous waste,

644
00:24:07,400 --> 00:24:09,259
but prior, when we had the

645
00:24:09,260 --> 00:24:12,168
other instrument, we were Creating

646
00:24:12,169 --> 00:24:13,549
significantly more than that because

647
00:24:13,550 --> 00:24:15,309
we had to add so many chemicals to

648
00:24:15,310 --> 00:24:16,310
do the digestion.

649
00:24:17,410 --> 00:24:18,590
So now we can look at the

650
00:24:18,591 --> 00:24:21,949
So now you can look at the graph and

651
00:24:21,950 --> 00:24:25,549
you can see what

652
00:24:25,550 --> 00:24:27,489
this is, the way that you

653
00:24:27,490 --> 00:24:29,349
look at this is it's looking

654
00:24:29,350 --> 00:24:31,229
at the peak height

655
00:24:31,230 --> 00:24:33,149
of the curves

656
00:24:33,150 --> 00:24:35,549
and so this

657
00:24:35,550 --> 00:24:37,409
is because there's

658
00:24:37,410 --> 00:24:39,269
the two cells it's got two

659
00:24:39,270 --> 00:24:41,149
different peaks and

660
00:24:41,150 --> 00:24:42,429
actually there's a third one down

661
00:24:42,430 --> 00:24:44,669
here and so,

662
00:24:44,670 --> 00:24:46,249
this was like one of the cells, a

663
00:24:46,250 --> 00:24:47,629
second cell and the third cell.

664
00:24:47,630 --> 00:24:48,630
So.

665
00:24:49,699 --> 00:24:51,799
What it does is it

666
00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:53,539
just chooses the one that's the best

667
00:24:53,540 --> 00:24:54,540
fit.

668
00:24:55,000 --> 00:24:56,880
So if we go back to the result,

669
00:24:58,360 --> 00:25:00,499
right here on the screen, it says

670
00:25:00,500 --> 00:25:02,579
that that sample

671
00:25:02,580 --> 00:25:04,879
was 351

672
00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:07,619
micrograms per kilogram of mercury,

673
00:25:07,620 --> 00:25:09,439
which usually we would

674
00:25:09,440 --> 00:25:11,479
report it in milligrams

675
00:25:11,480 --> 00:25:12,339
per kilogram.

676
00:25:12,340 --> 00:25:14,279
So it would be

677
00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:16,539
like 0.35.

678
00:25:16,540 --> 00:25:18,419
One milligrams per kilogram, so

679
00:25:18,420 --> 00:25:20,139
I would say that's relatively low.

680
00:25:24,420 --> 00:25:26,339
I don't know what the cutoff

681
00:25:26,340 --> 00:25:28,539
is now for, it used to be one,

682
00:25:28,540 --> 00:25:30,459
but I think they've lowered it

683
00:25:30,460 --> 00:25:32,480
for consumption advisories.

684
00:25:34,680 --> 00:25:36,139
So this is a little more than a

685
00:25:36,140 --> 00:25:38,319
third compared

686
00:25:38,320 --> 00:25:39,688
to a good section.

687
00:25:39,689 --> 00:25:40,549
Yeah.

688
00:25:40,550 --> 00:25:41,429
Yeah.

689
00:25:41,430 --> 00:25:42,789
So I would say this is a pretty

690
00:25:42,790 --> 00:25:45,138
healthy fish to eat.

691
00:25:45,139 --> 00:25:47,199
So, are you able to differentiate

692
00:25:47,200 --> 00:25:48,719
the types of mercury you're looking

693
00:25:48,720 --> 00:25:49,720
at?

694
00:25:50,490 --> 00:25:52,329
No, so this is

695
00:25:52,330 --> 00:25:54,849
a total mercury analyzer.

696
00:25:54,850 --> 00:25:56,749
So when you talk about

697
00:25:56,750 --> 00:25:57,750
mercury,

698
00:25:59,250 --> 00:26:01,749
certainly the methyl mercury is the

699
00:26:01,750 --> 00:26:03,729
part that's the worst mercury

700
00:26:03,730 --> 00:26:05,949
because it's the most bioavailable

701
00:26:05,950 --> 00:26:08,628
and most able to cross

702
00:26:08,629 --> 00:26:10,449
the cell membranes and things

703
00:26:10,450 --> 00:26:11,229
like that.

704
00:26:11,230 --> 00:26:13,509
So that's more dangerous

705
00:26:13,510 --> 00:26:16,349
form, but most

706
00:26:16,350 --> 00:26:18,479
of the Most of the mercury that's

707
00:26:18,480 --> 00:26:20,319
present in fish is present as

708
00:26:20,320 --> 00:26:22,019
methylmercury.

709
00:26:22,020 --> 00:26:23,999
But this is a total mercury.

710
00:26:24,000 --> 00:26:25,299
If there was something there that

711
00:26:25,300 --> 00:26:27,879
was not methylated,

712
00:26:27,880 --> 00:26:28,880
we would still catch it.

713
00:26:30,699 --> 00:26:32,959
Can we have you do up another?

714
00:26:32,960 --> 00:26:33,960
Absolutely.

715
00:26:34,400 --> 00:26:35,679
So we'll probably park Ethan right

716
00:26:35,680 --> 00:26:37,099
over here if that's where you want

717
00:26:37,100 --> 00:26:38,539
to be.

718
00:26:38,540 --> 00:26:39,419
Does that make sense?

719
00:26:39,420 --> 00:26:41,259
For what? To see her load up another

720
00:26:41,260 --> 00:26:42,979
one. And then before you put it over

721
00:26:42,980 --> 00:26:44,579
here, Ethan will probably reposition

722
00:26:44,580 --> 00:26:46,719
it just so we can see it going in

723
00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:48,700
and all the wheels spinning.

724
00:27:38,710 --> 00:27:40,509
So again we just mix it up to make

725
00:27:40,510 --> 00:27:42,349
sure that it's homogenous in there

726
00:27:42,350 --> 00:27:43,649
and if there's any moisture at the

727
00:27:43,650 --> 00:27:45,469
bottom we're mixing it kind of

728
00:27:45,470 --> 00:27:46,470
back in.

729
00:28:09,560 --> 00:28:12,739
Alright, that one is .268,

730
00:28:14,300 --> 00:28:16,400
we'll record that.

731
00:28:30,810 --> 00:28:32,149
Okay, then did you want a

732
00:28:32,150 --> 00:28:33,150
repossession? Okay.

733
00:28:45,380 --> 00:28:47,279
Which slot are you putting it in?

734
00:28:47,280 --> 00:28:48,439
Three, yeah.

735
00:28:48,440 --> 00:28:49,199
Perfect, yep.

736
00:28:49,200 --> 00:28:51,039
Okay, so then we put

737
00:28:51,040 --> 00:28:52,819
the sample into slot three.

738
00:28:57,010 --> 00:28:59,229
And over here we

739
00:28:59,230 --> 00:29:00,179
need

740
00:29:00,180 --> 00:29:02,059
This wheel is going to spin and

741
00:29:02,060 --> 00:29:03,999
then the wheel pushes into

742
00:29:04,000 --> 00:29:05,000
the front.

743
00:29:05,850 --> 00:29:08,109
So I already typed

744
00:29:08,110 --> 00:29:11,229
in the sample identification here,

745
00:29:11,230 --> 00:29:13,129
then we have to enter the

746
00:29:13,130 --> 00:29:14,130
mass.

747
00:29:23,470 --> 00:29:24,890
2 6 8

748
00:29:37,260 --> 00:29:38,319
accept it.

749
00:29:38,320 --> 00:29:40,099
So now we have the sample

750
00:29:40,100 --> 00:29:42,319
identification and

751
00:29:42,320 --> 00:29:44,639
the sample weight and

752
00:29:44,640 --> 00:29:47,039
we identify that we're doing this

753
00:29:47,040 --> 00:29:48,640
as a normal measurement.

754
00:29:50,720 --> 00:29:52,459
And then we press go.

755
00:30:42,880 --> 00:30:44,199
You took them to service, didn't

756
00:30:44,200 --> 00:30:44,859
you?

757
00:30:44,860 --> 00:30:46,399
This screen is showing what

758
00:30:46,400 --> 00:30:48,379
temperatures are that is

759
00:30:48,380 --> 00:30:50,439
actually happening in the

760
00:30:50,440 --> 00:30:52,059
different cells there.

761
00:30:52,060 --> 00:30:54,039
So it goes up to,

762
00:30:54,040 --> 00:30:56,259
the last one goes up, to 750

763
00:30:56,260 --> 00:30:57,260
degrees celsius.

764
00:31:01,529 --> 00:31:03,369
So yeah, that's how it

765
00:31:03,370 --> 00:31:05,029
combusts the sample, it does that

766
00:31:05,030 --> 00:31:07,009
thermal decomposition to

767
00:31:07,010 --> 00:31:09,209
get the mercury in

768
00:31:09,210 --> 00:31:10,389
the state that we need to measure it

769
00:31:10,390 --> 00:31:11,390
in.

770
00:31:12,980 --> 00:31:14,619
Well, I use this flavor at that

771
00:31:14,620 --> 00:31:15,739
point.

772
00:31:15,740 --> 00:31:16,740
Yeah.

773
00:31:40,290 --> 00:31:41,969
So that's the little bar that shows

774
00:31:41,970 --> 00:31:43,949
how much

775
00:31:43,950 --> 00:31:45,619
time is left.

776
00:31:45,620 --> 00:31:47,499
Yes, yep, so this

777
00:31:47,500 --> 00:31:49,519
is the total time here and that's

778
00:31:49,520 --> 00:31:50,520
where we're at, yep.

779
00:32:15,850 --> 00:32:17,369
So that one was very similar in

780
00:32:17,370 --> 00:32:18,370
concentration.

781
00:32:18,950 --> 00:32:21,769
The first one we did was

782
00:32:21,770 --> 00:32:24,149
351 micrograms

783
00:32:24,150 --> 00:32:24,969
per kilogram.

784
00:32:24,970 --> 00:32:27,189
The second one we do was 359

785
00:32:27,190 --> 00:32:29,109
microgram per kilogram They're both

786
00:32:29,110 --> 00:32:30,089
from the same lake.

787
00:32:30,090 --> 00:32:32,029
But the second one, yeah, they're

788
00:32:32,030 --> 00:32:33,229
both from the lake.

789
00:32:33,230 --> 00:32:34,489
It would be interesting to go and

790
00:32:34,490 --> 00:32:36,309
look at the lengths to

791
00:32:36,310 --> 00:32:38,229
see how close in

792
00:32:38,230 --> 00:32:40,269
size they were, but oftentimes

793
00:32:40,270 --> 00:32:41,270
from the the same like there.

794
00:32:42,690 --> 00:32:43,869
And that's what I was talking about,

795
00:32:43,870 --> 00:32:45,289
the water quality, the fish are

796
00:32:45,290 --> 00:32:46,529
water quality.

797
00:32:46,530 --> 00:32:48,809
To capture super close-ups

798
00:32:48,810 --> 00:32:50,689
of like putting the sample in the

799
00:32:50,690 --> 00:32:52,749
tray and stuff like

800
00:32:52,750 --> 00:32:52,750
that.

801
00:32:52,751 --> 00:32:53,649
I could, if you think that's

802
00:32:53,650 --> 00:32:54,809
important.

803
00:32:54,810 --> 00:32:55,889
I think it would be some kind of fun

804
00:32:55,890 --> 00:32:56,709
sequencing.

805
00:32:56,710 --> 00:32:58,449
Sure. Be fun, quick shots.

806
00:32:58,450 --> 00:32:59,970
Yeah, like some kind a telephoto?

807
00:33:02,110 --> 00:33:03,529
Yeah, I could try that.

808
00:33:03,530 --> 00:33:05,169
It's just space, I'd have to be

809
00:33:05,170 --> 00:33:05,969
like...

810
00:33:05,970 --> 00:33:07,629
If you wouldn't mind turning towards

811
00:33:07,630 --> 00:33:08,749
me? Sure. That's alright.

812
00:33:11,350 --> 00:33:12,929
Just to make sure across the board

813
00:33:12,930 --> 00:33:14,149
we're getting all.

814
00:33:14,150 --> 00:33:15,909
I do have an assist you course

815
00:33:15,910 --> 00:33:18,189
coming for you this Friday.

816
00:33:18,190 --> 00:33:19,629
Oh, OK. Must be on the site.

817
00:33:19,630 --> 00:33:22,009
Oh great, okay,

818
00:33:22,010 --> 00:33:23,889
yeah, that might be

819
00:33:23,890 --> 00:33:24,890
high too, that's good.

820
00:33:27,500 --> 00:33:29,379
So for this, I think if you can just

821
00:33:29,380 --> 00:33:30,639
kind of point out to Ethan where

822
00:33:30,640 --> 00:33:32,139
you're going to go next to allow him

823
00:33:32,140 --> 00:33:32,959
to focus.

824
00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:33,999
Yep. Because it's harder to get a

825
00:33:34,000 --> 00:33:35,888
depth of field on this.

826
00:33:35,889 --> 00:33:37,769
So, okay, so I'm gonna take a

827
00:33:37,770 --> 00:33:39,929
boat from here, put it on

828
00:33:39,930 --> 00:33:41,869
there, yep, and then

829
00:33:41,870 --> 00:33:43,869
I'll do the mix.

830
00:33:43,870 --> 00:33:46,109
I'll take that,

831
00:33:46,110 --> 00:33:47,369
here we can move this out of the

832
00:33:47,370 --> 00:33:48,349
way.

833
00:33:48,350 --> 00:33:49,350
Is that better?

834
00:33:50,030 --> 00:33:51,600
Like that not there, too.

835
00:33:54,110 --> 00:33:54,969
Okay. Sounds good, yeah.

836
00:33:54,970 --> 00:33:56,199
Thank you.

837
00:33:56,200 --> 00:33:57,200
All right.

838
00:34:02,990 --> 00:34:04,390
Let's grab it by the tab.

839
00:34:11,089 --> 00:34:12,569
Okay, tear it.

840
00:34:14,510 --> 00:34:16,309
So we zero it out and then I'm going

841
00:34:16,310 --> 00:34:18,359
to grab this vial.

842
00:34:18,360 --> 00:34:20,569
Okay, whenever you're ready.

843
00:34:20,570 --> 00:34:22,388
Okay, and then I'll

844
00:34:22,389 --> 00:34:23,449
grab this.

845
00:34:28,550 --> 00:34:30,349
And I need to rinse it over there,

846
00:34:30,350 --> 00:34:31,989
but I can move this again.

847
00:34:40,699 --> 00:34:42,599
I'm going to grab a chem-wipe

848
00:34:42,600 --> 00:34:43,760
but I'll keep that there.

849
00:34:48,940 --> 00:34:50,879
Then I'm going to mix the sample up

850
00:34:50,880 --> 00:34:54,079
in the vial here.

851
00:34:54,080 --> 00:34:55,039
It's not good there.

852
00:34:55,040 --> 00:34:56,040
Thank you.

853
00:34:59,130 --> 00:35:00,449
And then I'll take a little bit of

854
00:35:00,450 --> 00:35:02,050
this and put it in the boat.

855
00:35:34,030 --> 00:35:35,269
To record the light.

856
00:35:43,430 --> 00:35:45,109
And then that's it, it'll go back

857
00:35:45,110 --> 00:35:46,110
over there then.

858
00:36:07,320 --> 00:36:08,320
Okay, whenever you're ready.

859
00:36:13,870 --> 00:36:14,849
If I'm moving fast, will I do that

860
00:36:14,850 --> 00:36:15,850
again?

861
00:36:15,950 --> 00:36:17,399
Yeah, let's shake it this time.

862
00:36:17,400 --> 00:36:18,199
No, no, no.

863
00:36:18,200 --> 00:36:19,359
Just tell me.

864
00:36:19,360 --> 00:36:20,580
I'm too much of a telephoto.

865
00:36:23,950 --> 00:36:24,989
Lift it up a little higher if you

866
00:36:24,990 --> 00:36:25,949
don't mind, and then whenever you're

867
00:36:25,950 --> 00:36:26,950
ready, go ahead. Okay.

868
00:36:30,820 --> 00:36:31,820
Close the glass

869
00:36:36,850 --> 00:36:37,900
I was shaking too, right?

870
00:36:48,339 --> 00:36:49,719
Alright, and then when I press the

871
00:36:49,720 --> 00:36:51,220
green button, it will go ahead.

872
00:36:51,221 --> 00:36:51,419
Go ahead.

873
00:36:51,420 --> 00:36:52,219
Whatever you're hearing.

874
00:36:52,220 --> 00:36:53,220
All right.

875
00:36:55,870 --> 00:36:56,870
That

876
00:37:03,970 --> 00:37:04,970
Perfect.

877
00:37:06,090 --> 00:37:07,469
Yeah. It helps so much having this

878
00:37:07,470 --> 00:37:09,129
screen so I see what you can see.

879
00:37:09,130 --> 00:37:10,929
Yeah. So then I can know, oh, that's

880
00:37:10,930 --> 00:37:12,569
exactly what we're looking for.

881
00:37:12,570 --> 00:37:13,570
Perfect.

882
00:37:24,510 --> 00:37:27,329
It's really a pretty impressive body

883
00:37:27,330 --> 00:37:29,229
of work that we've been able to

884
00:37:29,230 --> 00:37:31,069
keep all that and I was,

885
00:37:31,070 --> 00:37:32,070
we were talking,

886
00:37:33,470 --> 00:37:34,869
oh I gotta wash my hands they just

887
00:37:34,870 --> 00:37:35,870
smell like gloves now.

888
00:37:40,500 --> 00:37:41,999
Wow, you're doing the political

889
00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:43,559
stuff here.

890
00:37:43,560 --> 00:37:44,959
Very busy.

891
00:37:44,960 --> 00:37:46,170
Yeah, that's it.

892
00:38:05,450 --> 00:38:06,790
Thank you. Have a nice evening.

893
00:38:08,120 --> 00:38:09,999
Yes, except the biggest difference

894
00:38:10,000 --> 00:38:11,479
is you can only see some of those we

895
00:38:11,480 --> 00:38:13,299
ended up having just we tried

896
00:38:13,300 --> 00:38:15,019
analyzing them here, but there was a

897
00:38:15,020 --> 00:38:16,659
lot of background noise.

898
00:38:16,660 --> 00:38:17,339
We couldn't.

899
00:38:17,340 --> 00:38:19,079
That what you're looking at.

900
00:38:19,080 --> 00:38:20,719
Like, I think stuff that was in the

901
00:38:20,720 --> 00:38:22,759
organics, when we did, you know,

902
00:38:22,760 --> 00:38:24,959
because that's also a digestion with

903
00:38:24,960 --> 00:38:26,919
concentrated acids, and then you

904
00:38:26,920 --> 00:38:28,539
have to break it down with us

905
00:38:28,540 --> 00:38:30,359
because we wanted to give

906
00:38:30,360 --> 00:38:31,819
you good results, but we just

907
00:38:31,820 --> 00:38:32,779
couldn't get them with that,

908
00:38:32,780 --> 00:38:33,780
unfortunately.

909
00:38:36,259 --> 00:38:37,259
I'll get a twin.

910
00:38:41,580 --> 00:38:42,580
All right

911
00:38:47,630 --> 00:38:48,630
Sorry, just one second.

912
00:38:58,530 --> 00:39:00,629
I guess you want to show and tell?

913
00:39:00,630 --> 00:39:01,509
Yeah!

914
00:39:01,510 --> 00:39:02,349
Absolutely.

915
00:39:02,350 --> 00:39:03,819
What do we have in here?

916
00:39:03,820 --> 00:39:05,699
Right, we have years

917
00:39:05,700 --> 00:39:07,539
worth of fish samples in

918
00:39:07,540 --> 00:39:09,379
here that we've

919
00:39:09,380 --> 00:39:11,359
gotten from Glyphwick and

920
00:39:11,360 --> 00:39:13,239
you can see we have some

921
00:39:13,240 --> 00:39:15,059
from 2013,

922
00:39:15,060 --> 00:39:16,259
2011.

923
00:39:16,260 --> 00:39:18,159
We have a variety of

924
00:39:18,160 --> 00:39:20,119
both, this one is whitefish,

925
00:39:20,120 --> 00:39:22,179
lake trout, we've a lot of

926
00:39:22,180 --> 00:39:23,759
spring walleye samples.

927
00:39:23,760 --> 00:39:25,659
By far the most what we do is

928
00:39:25,660 --> 00:39:29,389
spring walleyes so we get between...

929
00:39:29,390 --> 00:39:31,649
350 and 450 spring

930
00:39:31,650 --> 00:39:33,529
walleye samples annually from

931
00:39:33,530 --> 00:39:35,109
GlyphWic.

932
00:39:35,110 --> 00:39:36,949
And we've been analyzing those for

933
00:39:36,950 --> 00:39:38,049
mercury.

934
00:39:38,050 --> 00:39:40,089
And every year when we are done

935
00:39:40,090 --> 00:39:41,809
analyzing them, we store them in

936
00:39:41,810 --> 00:39:43,449
these freezers.

937
00:39:43,450 --> 00:39:46,069
So we archive the samples in case

938
00:39:46,070 --> 00:39:48,069
anyone would like to analyze them

939
00:39:48,070 --> 00:39:50,349
for something later on, or

940
00:39:50,350 --> 00:39:51,789
in case we have to go back and

941
00:39:51,790 --> 00:39:53,009
answer other questions about

942
00:39:53,010 --> 00:39:54,010
mercury.

943
00:39:56,250 --> 00:39:58,169
Four freezers that are full,

944
00:39:58,170 --> 00:40:00,449
this full of mercury samples

945
00:40:00,450 --> 00:40:03,089
dating back to 1996.

946
00:40:03,090 --> 00:40:04,909
So it's been a really good

947
00:40:04,910 --> 00:40:06,729
archive so that

948
00:40:06,730 --> 00:40:08,769
people can go back and look at

949
00:40:08,770 --> 00:40:10,969
potential metals that, other metals

950
00:40:10,970 --> 00:40:12,849
or other chemicals that become

951
00:40:12,850 --> 00:40:14,729
of interest that

952
00:40:14,730 --> 00:40:16,109
we didn't know were a problem and

953
00:40:16,110 --> 00:40:17,549
now we're learning are more

954
00:40:17,550 --> 00:40:19,329
problematic such as potentially

955
00:40:19,330 --> 00:40:20,459
PFAS.

956
00:40:20,460 --> 00:40:22,519
That seems to be the most obvious

957
00:40:22,520 --> 00:40:24,619
one, that you,

958
00:40:24,620 --> 00:40:26,839
I mean, it does seem like that's

959
00:40:26,840 --> 00:40:28,339
an invitation to figure out, okay,

960
00:40:28,340 --> 00:40:30,379
when did it first start appearing in

961
00:40:30,380 --> 00:40:30,639
fish?

962
00:40:30,640 --> 00:40:32,279
It is.

963
00:40:32,280 --> 00:40:33,619
One thing we have to be a little bit

964
00:40:33,620 --> 00:40:35,479
careful about with the archive

965
00:40:35,480 --> 00:40:37,859
samples is the

966
00:40:37,860 --> 00:40:39,799
processing that we used

967
00:40:39,800 --> 00:40:41,759
from the

968
00:40:41,760 --> 00:40:43,679
fileting to the grinding

969
00:40:43,680 --> 00:40:45,519
to the

970
00:40:45,520 --> 00:40:46,979
sample containers themselves.

971
00:40:46,980 --> 00:40:49,779
Is it compatible with PFAS analysis?

972
00:40:49,780 --> 00:40:52,279
Because we don't want to be

973
00:40:52,280 --> 00:40:54,359
a part of the problem in the

974
00:40:54,360 --> 00:40:55,360
analysis of that.

975
00:40:56,620 --> 00:40:58,379
A potential source.

976
00:40:58,380 --> 00:40:59,819
We've had people go back and look at

977
00:40:59,820 --> 00:41:01,999
PCBs and other

978
00:41:02,000 --> 00:41:03,339
different things that are in those

979
00:41:03,340 --> 00:41:04,340
samples.

980
00:41:05,009 --> 00:41:07,029
So broaden this out for me.

981
00:41:07,030 --> 00:41:08,009
Obviously, you're at the Lake

982
00:41:08,010 --> 00:41:09,509
Superior Research Institute.

983
00:41:09,510 --> 00:41:10,789
What is it that it does?

984
00:41:10,790 --> 00:41:11,949
I mean, you are part of this

985
00:41:11,950 --> 00:41:13,389
relationship with CliffWhip, but

986
00:41:13,390 --> 00:41:14,889
you've given me the broader picture

987
00:41:14,890 --> 00:41:16,769
in the context of wall

988
00:41:16,770 --> 00:41:18,129
life, what we're interested in, but

989
00:41:18,130 --> 00:41:19,649
a lot of the research that goes into

990
00:41:19,650 --> 00:41:20,129
it.

991
00:41:20,130 --> 00:41:22,049
Right, so

992
00:41:22,050 --> 00:41:23,629
the Lake Superior Research Institute

993
00:41:23,630 --> 00:41:25,529
has been here, we do

994
00:41:25,530 --> 00:41:27,429
grant funded research and we've had

995
00:41:27,430 --> 00:41:29,349
a relationship with GLIFWC

996
00:41:29,350 --> 00:41:31,189
since the middle of the

997
00:41:31,190 --> 00:41:33,029
1990s.

998
00:41:33,030 --> 00:41:35,209
So we receive samples

999
00:41:35,210 --> 00:41:37,249
from them, we

1000
00:41:37,250 --> 00:41:39,149
did the mercury analysis on

1001
00:41:39,150 --> 00:41:40,989
them and then we give

1002
00:41:40,990 --> 00:41:43,729
the analysis, the concentrations

1003
00:41:43,730 --> 00:41:45,669
of mercury back to GLIFwC

1004
00:41:45,670 --> 00:41:48,149
and then they use that

1005
00:41:48,150 --> 00:41:49,150
information.

1006
00:41:52,190 --> 00:41:54,189
To make maps

1007
00:41:54,190 --> 00:41:56,329
where they do consumption

1008
00:41:56,330 --> 00:41:58,249
advisories of lakes that are

1009
00:41:58,250 --> 00:41:59,409
in the seeded territories.

1010
00:42:00,490 --> 00:42:03,129
And they do it on a basis of

1011
00:42:03,130 --> 00:42:04,329
a couple of different things.

1012
00:42:04,330 --> 00:42:07,209
They do the women

1013
00:42:07,210 --> 00:42:09,089
of child-bearing age and

1014
00:42:09,090 --> 00:42:11,209
young children and then they have

1015
00:42:11,210 --> 00:42:13,229
the adults that are

1016
00:42:13,230 --> 00:42:15,129
beyond child- bearing age and

1017
00:42:15,130 --> 00:42:17,389
males because mercury is

1018
00:42:17,390 --> 00:42:19,699
a neurotoxin and so it's more

1019
00:42:19,700 --> 00:42:21,579
of a concern in

1020
00:42:21,580 --> 00:42:23,639
younger children and

1021
00:42:23,640 --> 00:42:25,539
women of childbearing age than it is

1022
00:42:25,540 --> 00:42:27,459
in adult males or women

1023
00:42:27,460 --> 00:42:28,829
beyond childbeering age.

1024
00:42:28,830 --> 00:42:30,869
So you're one of the first ones to

1025
00:42:30,870 --> 00:42:32,569
see the info come out.

1026
00:42:32,570 --> 00:42:33,669
Have there been times where you're

1027
00:42:33,670 --> 00:42:34,429
like, whoa?

1028
00:42:34,430 --> 00:42:35,909
There are some times I see a fish

1029
00:42:35,910 --> 00:42:37,829
that I go, oh well I would not want

1030
00:42:37,830 --> 00:42:39,409
to eat the fish from that lake.

1031
00:42:39,410 --> 00:42:41,549
And there are certain lakes that are

1032
00:42:41,550 --> 00:42:43,409
certainly higher

1033
00:42:43,410 --> 00:42:45,389
in concentration in mercury than

1034
00:42:45,390 --> 00:42:46,549
other lakes.

1035
00:42:46,550 --> 00:42:48,189
It has a lot to do with the ecology

1036
00:42:48,190 --> 00:42:50,629
of the,

1037
00:42:50,630 --> 00:42:52,929
just what's around certain lakes,

1038
00:42:52,930 --> 00:42:54,689
what kind of, if they have a lot of

1039
00:42:54,690 --> 00:42:56,369
swampy areas around them or if they

1040
00:42:56,370 --> 00:42:58,889
a lot rock,

1041
00:42:58,890 --> 00:43:01,629
more like granite or,

1042
00:43:01,630 --> 00:43:03,629
basalt around them, that's going to

1043
00:43:03,630 --> 00:43:05,569
have an impact on how much mercury

1044
00:43:05,570 --> 00:43:07,489
is present in the fish.

1045
00:43:07,490 --> 00:43:09,469
So you said that one was kind

1046
00:43:09,470 --> 00:43:11,249
of the baseline for when you start

1047
00:43:11,250 --> 00:43:12,409
to worry?

1048
00:43:12,410 --> 00:43:14,429
Is there, what a, I guess walk

1049
00:43:14,430 --> 00:43:15,649
me through, because those were like

1050
00:43:15,650 --> 00:43:17,309
the 0.3, five stages.

1051
00:43:17,310 --> 00:43:17,310
Right.

1052
00:43:17,311 --> 00:43:18,679
Right, the fish that we looked at

1053
00:43:18,680 --> 00:43:22,639
today, they were in about the 0.3

1054
00:43:22,640 --> 00:43:25,099
milligrams per

1055
00:43:25,100 --> 00:43:27,039
kilogram of fish

1056
00:43:27,040 --> 00:43:28,539
that were looking at.

1057
00:43:28,540 --> 00:43:30,059
Those I would say are not a high

1058
00:43:30,060 --> 00:43:32,399
concern, again it depends on

1059
00:43:32,400 --> 00:43:35,399
your age and

1060
00:43:35,400 --> 00:43:37,279
the frequency that

1061
00:43:37,280 --> 00:43:38,900
you're eating the fish certainly.

1062
00:43:40,400 --> 00:43:42,339
Yeah, my general rule

1063
00:43:42,340 --> 00:43:44,019
after having done this for many

1064
00:43:44,020 --> 00:43:45,729
years is that I...

1065
00:43:45,730 --> 00:43:47,249
Try not to eat any walleye that are

1066
00:43:47,250 --> 00:43:48,149
over 20 inches.

1067
00:43:48,150 --> 00:43:50,069
That seems to be kind of a good

1068
00:43:50,070 --> 00:43:51,029
cut off.

1069
00:43:51,030 --> 00:43:53,469
It's not safe in every lake to

1070
00:43:53,470 --> 00:43:55,529
eat fish that are in that size

1071
00:43:55,530 --> 00:43:57,789
range, but that's

1072
00:43:57,790 --> 00:43:59,629
generally, I would say, a

1073
00:43:59,630 --> 00:44:00,670
pretty safe area.

1074
00:44:02,049 --> 00:44:04,189
So what is the

1075
00:44:04,190 --> 00:44:06,109
one break threshold, or

1076
00:44:06,110 --> 00:44:07,749
where's the point where you said,

1077
00:44:07,750 --> 00:44:09,609
oh, that's a link that no

1078
00:44:09,610 --> 00:44:10,769
one should be in this?

1079
00:44:10,770 --> 00:44:12,729
Yeah, I'm

1080
00:44:12,730 --> 00:44:14,789
not exactly sure right now what

1081
00:44:14,790 --> 00:44:16,709
the concentration is

1082
00:44:16,710 --> 00:44:18,489
where we're calling, you know,

1083
00:44:18,490 --> 00:44:21,169
things have changed over the years.

1084
00:44:21,170 --> 00:44:23,209
So one used to be kind

1085
00:44:23,210 --> 00:44:25,009
of the mark that we would use as

1086
00:44:25,010 --> 00:44:26,929
like people probably shouldn't be

1087
00:44:26,930 --> 00:44:28,809
eating any fish that are

1088
00:44:28,810 --> 00:44:30,509
in that concentration.

1089
00:44:30,510 --> 00:44:33,009
So I would say that that certainly

1090
00:44:33,010 --> 00:44:35,009
would not be

1091
00:44:35,010 --> 00:44:36,549
eating it, but because most people

1092
00:44:36,550 --> 00:44:38,449
don't know just

1093
00:44:38,450 --> 00:44:39,339
what they're eating.

1094
00:44:39,340 --> 00:44:41,019
If they take a fish out of a lake,

1095
00:44:41,020 --> 00:44:41,839
they're not going to know what

1096
00:44:41,840 --> 00:44:42,840
concentration that is.

1097
00:44:44,649 --> 00:44:45,929
Oh, I was going to ask you to look

1098
00:44:45,930 --> 00:44:47,570
up the last year we sampled it.

1099
00:45:00,230 --> 00:45:01,689
Yeah, that might not be too bad.

1100
00:45:01,690 --> 00:45:02,929
We might be fine with that for a

1101
00:45:02,930 --> 00:45:04,649
little bit. But yeah, no way too

1102
00:45:04,650 --> 00:45:05,650
much.

1103
00:45:20,970 --> 00:45:22,949
And then down here, just this

1104
00:45:22,950 --> 00:45:23,989
screen wall light.

1105
00:45:23,990 --> 00:45:24,990
Sure.

1106
00:45:27,720 --> 00:45:28,679
Friday afternoon

1107
00:45:28,680 --> 00:45:30,659
We're going to come in on a Monday

1108
00:45:30,660 --> 00:45:32,839
and vomit,

1109
00:45:32,840 --> 00:45:34,659
and then who gets

1110
00:45:34,660 --> 00:45:35,660
that job?

1111
00:45:37,780 --> 00:45:39,119
So yeah, these have alarms, we're

1112
00:45:39,120 --> 00:45:40,120
real excited about them.

1113
00:45:48,820 --> 00:45:50,779
Yeah, we lost some of that one.

1114
00:45:50,780 --> 00:45:51,901
That was last year, I think.

1115
00:46:18,960 --> 00:46:20,669
Awesome, thanks.

1116
00:46:20,670 --> 00:46:21,670
Yeah, I know, huh?

1117
00:46:30,580 --> 00:46:32,099
Close it before it starts chirping

1118
00:46:32,100 --> 00:46:34,379
at us.

1119
00:46:34,380 --> 00:46:36,619
Beautiful, it's been updated a lot,

1120
00:46:36,620 --> 00:46:37,839
it looks really nice.

1121
00:46:37,840 --> 00:46:40,079
Yeah, the person that she came,

1122
00:46:40,080 --> 00:46:41,959
she fixed it, she put her two weeks

1123
00:46:41,960 --> 00:46:43,119
in, okay?

1124
00:46:45,850 --> 00:46:47,549
Ready when you guys are.

1125
00:46:47,550 --> 00:46:49,709
So I guess the

1126
00:46:49,710 --> 00:46:51,909
story is about walleye.

1127
00:46:51,910 --> 00:46:53,729
Why, in your estimation,

1128
00:46:53,730 --> 00:46:55,649
why is walleye one of the key ones

1129
00:46:55,650 --> 00:46:57,349
to pay attention to for these kind

1130
00:46:57,350 --> 00:46:58,350
of issues?

1131
00:46:59,660 --> 00:47:01,799
Well I think it's important because

1132
00:47:01,800 --> 00:47:03,699
it's such, especially for the

1133
00:47:03,700 --> 00:47:05,919
tribes, it's such a

1134
00:47:05,920 --> 00:47:07,979
important food culturally

1135
00:47:07,980 --> 00:47:09,919
to them and it's

1136
00:47:09,920 --> 00:47:11,479
just a part of many of their

1137
00:47:11,480 --> 00:47:13,439
ceremonies and their culture and

1138
00:47:13,440 --> 00:47:14,999
it is important to make sure that

1139
00:47:15,000 --> 00:47:16,799
we're keeping their population safe

1140
00:47:16,800 --> 00:47:18,699
and looking at how much

1141
00:47:18,700 --> 00:47:20,559
mercury is present in those and

1142
00:47:20,560 --> 00:47:21,739
then making these consumption

1143
00:47:21,740 --> 00:47:23,619
advisories so that people

1144
00:47:24,720 --> 00:47:26,699
are informed about what is

1145
00:47:26,700 --> 00:47:27,669
a safe.

1146
00:47:27,670 --> 00:47:29,609
Safe lake to fish in, how many

1147
00:47:29,610 --> 00:47:31,709
fish meals they can eat from there

1148
00:47:31,710 --> 00:47:33,529
a month basically and make

1149
00:47:33,530 --> 00:47:34,709
sure that they're keeping their

1150
00:47:34,710 --> 00:47:35,639
families safe.

1151
00:47:35,640 --> 00:47:37,679
So when you're doing this work,

1152
00:47:37,680 --> 00:47:38,899
I mean this is probably just one

1153
00:47:38,900 --> 00:47:40,859
portion of like the job you do

1154
00:47:40,860 --> 00:47:42,879
here, but you

1155
00:47:42,880 --> 00:47:44,579
talked about you came here the year

1156
00:47:44,580 --> 00:47:46,039
after this started.

1157
00:47:46,040 --> 00:47:47,139
What does it mean to you to be part

1158
00:47:47,140 --> 00:47:49,539
of such a long longitudinal

1159
00:47:49,540 --> 00:47:50,299
study?

1160
00:47:50,300 --> 00:47:52,199
Right, it's amazing to have

1161
00:47:52,200 --> 00:47:54,079
just the breadth

1162
00:47:54,080 --> 00:47:56,039
of this and the depth of this

1163
00:47:56,040 --> 00:47:57,879
study because we've been able to

1164
00:47:57,880 --> 00:47:59,799
work on this for years and I've

1165
00:47:59,800 --> 00:48:01,359
learned a lot of things as a

1166
00:48:01,360 --> 00:48:03,579
scientist. I started here just

1167
00:48:03,580 --> 00:48:05,259
out of graduate school.

1168
00:48:05,260 --> 00:48:07,299
I ground a lot fish and now

1169
00:48:07,300 --> 00:48:09,099
I'm managing the project.

1170
00:48:09,100 --> 00:48:10,919
I was able to see that

1171
00:48:10,920 --> 00:48:12,659
through, I've been able to work with

1172
00:48:12,660 --> 00:48:14,279
GLIFWC individuals, several

1173
00:48:14,280 --> 00:48:16,639
different individuals there,

1174
00:48:16,640 --> 00:48:18,819
on writing quality advisories

1175
00:48:18,820 --> 00:48:20,919
and looking at what's important

1176
00:48:20,920 --> 00:48:22,479
when we're doing the analysis to

1177
00:48:22,480 --> 00:48:24,219
make sure that we're answering the

1178
00:48:24,220 --> 00:48:25,799
questions that are important to them

1179
00:48:25,800 --> 00:48:27,779
and doing really good quality

1180
00:48:27,780 --> 00:48:29,759
work so we have the quality checks

1181
00:48:29,760 --> 00:48:32,119
built in like duplicates and

1182
00:48:32,120 --> 00:48:34,219
standards and reference checks.

1183
00:48:34,220 --> 00:48:36,139
So it's important to us, it's great

1184
00:48:36,140 --> 00:48:37,799
to be able to give that information

1185
00:48:37,800 --> 00:48:38,929
to people.

1186
00:48:38,930 --> 00:48:40,249
And I think we just have a really

1187
00:48:40,250 --> 00:48:42,249
good relationship with Glyphwick and

1188
00:48:42,250 --> 00:48:44,449
to be able to provide that to them.

1189
00:48:44,450 --> 00:48:46,329
And it's an interesting topic too,

1190
00:48:46,330 --> 00:48:47,529
like everybody's excited about

1191
00:48:47,530 --> 00:48:49,669
fishing and everybody loves catching

1192
00:48:49,670 --> 00:48:50,649
a walleye.

1193
00:48:50,650 --> 00:48:52,389
So it's good information to be part

1194
00:48:52,390 --> 00:48:53,650
of all of that together.

1195
00:48:54,820 --> 00:48:56,599
Anything else that you can think of

1196
00:48:56,600 --> 00:48:58,239
that you want to add with what we've

1197
00:48:58,240 --> 00:48:59,240
been talking about.

1198
00:49:00,640 --> 00:49:01,980
Where do you see the trains going?

1199
00:49:03,140 --> 00:49:04,139
Yeah, I was worried that you were

1200
00:49:04,140 --> 00:49:05,140
going to ask.

1201
00:49:07,990 --> 00:49:10,249
Part of the problem is that because

1202
00:49:10,250 --> 00:49:11,969
it's a partnership,

1203
00:49:13,150 --> 00:49:15,189
one of the things that we do is we

1204
00:49:15,190 --> 00:49:17,149
analyze the fish and we write the

1205
00:49:17,150 --> 00:49:19,349
report and we hand it off to GLIFWC

1206
00:49:19,350 --> 00:49:21,549
and then you guys

1207
00:49:21,550 --> 00:49:24,109
make the maps, but I

1208
00:49:24,110 --> 00:49:26,589
don't have a clear picture of

1209
00:49:26,590 --> 00:49:28,489
what have been the trends over 30

1210
00:49:28,490 --> 00:49:30,449
years. We should be able to look at

1211
00:49:30,450 --> 00:49:32,669
that. I think that there

1212
00:49:32,670 --> 00:49:33,670
were...

1213
00:49:34,620 --> 00:49:36,519
There were rules enacted to kind

1214
00:49:36,520 --> 00:49:38,419
of keep mercury emissions

1215
00:49:38,420 --> 00:49:40,239
lower and I

1216
00:49:40,240 --> 00:49:41,619
think that that did help mercury

1217
00:49:41,620 --> 00:49:43,939
concentrations in fish.

1218
00:49:43,940 --> 00:49:46,399
I think I'm

1219
00:49:46,400 --> 00:49:48,139
not sure that we're seeing that as

1220
00:49:48,140 --> 00:49:50,179
much anymore. I think we saw

1221
00:49:50,180 --> 00:49:52,119
things kind of drop off with mercury

1222
00:49:52,120 --> 00:49:53,659
concentrations and fish and now

1223
00:49:53,660 --> 00:49:55,479
they've plateaued and maybe jumped

1224
00:49:55,480 --> 00:49:57,379
up a little bit, but I don't

1225
00:49:57,380 --> 00:49:59,439
know why that is.

1226
00:49:59,440 --> 00:50:00,839
I think there's a lot of things that

1227
00:50:00,840 --> 00:50:02,548
can contribute to that.

1228
00:50:02,549 --> 00:50:04,229
That would be, it would be really

1229
00:50:04,230 --> 00:50:05,849
nice, you know, if we could take a

1230
00:50:05,850 --> 00:50:07,689
look at the data over those

1231
00:50:07,690 --> 00:50:09,629
years because we have lakes

1232
00:50:09,630 --> 00:50:11,609
that we've looked at on five-year

1233
00:50:11,610 --> 00:50:13,249
and three-year cycles so I think we

1234
00:50:13,250 --> 00:50:15,029
do have the information that we

1235
00:50:15,030 --> 00:50:16,849
would be able to, you now,

1236
00:50:16,850 --> 00:50:18,669
look at data and write a really good

1237
00:50:18,670 --> 00:50:20,729
paper on what are the mercury trends

1238
00:50:20,730 --> 00:50:23,469
in the ceded territories in

1239
00:50:23,470 --> 00:50:25,169
Wisconsin and Minnesota and Michigan

1240
00:50:25,170 --> 00:50:26,829
so, yeah, I think that's really

1241
00:50:26,830 --> 00:50:27,709
important.

1242
00:50:27,710 --> 00:50:29,549
Long term over the next 10 to

1243
00:50:29,550 --> 00:50:30,550
20 years,

1244
00:50:31,590 --> 00:50:33,349
is mercury still a bigger concern

1245
00:50:33,350 --> 00:50:34,350
than PFAS?

1246
00:50:37,290 --> 00:50:39,049
Um, that's a good question.

1247
00:50:39,050 --> 00:50:40,909
I think that we know what

1248
00:50:40,910 --> 00:50:42,909
the, we know

1249
00:50:42,910 --> 00:50:44,429
what the effects of having too much

1250
00:50:44,430 --> 00:50:46,509
mercury in your body are,

1251
00:50:46,510 --> 00:50:48,529
so I think that that's not

1252
00:50:48,530 --> 00:50:50,229
going away at all.

1253
00:50:50,230 --> 00:50:52,049
I think right now PFAS is

1254
00:50:52,050 --> 00:50:54,069
a little bit of an unknown as

1255
00:50:54,070 --> 00:50:55,589
far as what are the effects on

1256
00:50:55,590 --> 00:50:57,529
people and so I think that

1257
00:50:57,530 --> 00:50:59,409
that research needs to be done to

1258
00:50:59,410 --> 00:51:01,749
determine the effects and

1259
00:51:01,750 --> 00:51:03,769
it's PFAS analysis is

1260
00:51:03,770 --> 00:51:05,949
very complicated And

1261
00:51:05,950 --> 00:51:07,329
so I think...

1262
00:51:07,330 --> 00:51:08,789
There needs to be efforts made in

1263
00:51:08,790 --> 00:51:10,369
that front to make sure we're doing

1264
00:51:10,370 --> 00:51:12,209
good analysis.

1265
00:51:12,210 --> 00:51:13,529
And hopefully 30 years down the road

1266
00:51:13,530 --> 00:51:15,029
they've got something like this that

1267
00:51:15,030 --> 00:51:17,149
they can look back on and say,

1268
00:51:17,150 --> 00:51:18,909
you know, we've got really good

1269
00:51:18,910 --> 00:51:20,509
solid results that we're confident

1270
00:51:20,510 --> 00:51:22,330
in the quality of those results.

1271
00:51:23,350 --> 00:51:25,329
Can I get you to say and spell your

1272
00:51:25,330 --> 00:51:26,819
name and give your title?

1273
00:51:26,820 --> 00:51:28,299
Oh yes, this is going to take a

1274
00:51:28,300 --> 00:51:29,520
while, my name's really long.

1275
00:51:31,940 --> 00:51:35,239
Christine Polkinghorn, C-H-R-I-S-T-I

1276
00:51:35,240 --> 00:51:37,219
N-E, the last name is Polkinghorne,

1277
00:51:37,220 --> 00:51:39,599
P-O-L-K-I N-G-H

1278
00:51:39,600 --> 00:51:41,499
O-R N- E, and

1279
00:51:41,500 --> 00:51:43,499
my title is Research Program

1280
00:51:43,500 --> 00:51:44,919
Manager at the Lake Superior

1281
00:51:44,920 --> 00:51:46,549
Research Institute.

1282
00:51:46,550 --> 00:51:49,349
Is that technically at

1283
00:51:49,350 --> 00:51:51,889
UW-Superior or what's

1284
00:51:51,890 --> 00:51:52,139
the...

1285
00:51:52,140 --> 00:51:53,979
Yes, it's at the Lake

1286
00:51:53,980 --> 00:51:55,719
Superior Research Institute at the

1287
00:51:55,720 --> 00:51:57,099
University of Wisconsin-Superior.

1288
00:51:58,280 --> 00:51:59,389
I'd like to have some.

1289
00:51:59,390 --> 00:52:01,149
Yes, and technically I think it's

1290
00:52:01,150 --> 00:52:02,769
University of Wisconsin Lake

1291
00:52:02,770 --> 00:52:04,649
Superior Research Institute.

1292
00:52:04,650 --> 00:52:06,449
I think UWS is supposed to come

1293
00:52:06,450 --> 00:52:07,450
first.

1294
00:52:11,170 --> 00:52:12,149
I got it.

1295
00:52:12,150 --> 00:52:13,229
Oh, cool. 9222.

1296
00:52:13,230 --> 00:52:14,969
Er, er, 922, no.

1297
00:52:16,380 --> 00:52:17,779
Wow, that's those records going

1298
00:52:17,780 --> 00:52:18,780
wild.

1299
00:52:19,190 --> 00:52:21,010
2022 cool

1300
00:53:40,320 --> 00:53:41,320
Ready to go?

1301
00:53:53,550 --> 00:53:54,849
Can you just hold that there for a

1302
00:53:54,850 --> 00:53:55,850
second?

1303
00:53:56,150 --> 00:53:57,290
Green is never cut.

1304
00:54:00,339 --> 00:54:01,340
NKG is the code.

1305
00:54:03,320 --> 00:54:04,599
Maybe you can put them back.

1306
00:54:06,480 --> 00:54:07,739
Maybe grab another one.

1307
00:54:15,880 --> 00:54:17,319
OK, you can put that back too.

1308
00:54:17,320 --> 00:54:19,260
I'll just get a closer shot of you.

1309
00:54:20,839 --> 00:54:21,969
So that's nine.

1310
00:54:21,970 --> 00:54:23,449
The fish are from that way down

1311
00:54:23,450 --> 00:54:24,530
here. That's right.

1312
00:54:29,110 --> 00:54:31,569
Typically we get 12.

1313
00:54:31,570 --> 00:54:33,569
Yes, and Minnesota just created

1314
00:54:33,570 --> 00:54:35,129
a new model that might can reduce

1315
00:54:35,130 --> 00:54:36,549
the sample size down to six.

1316
00:54:36,550 --> 00:54:38,249
Really? Yeah, since we have so much

1317
00:54:38,250 --> 00:54:41,129
historical data, they're

1318
00:54:41,130 --> 00:54:42,569
able to predict using that

1319
00:54:42,570 --> 00:54:44,569
historical data, and we

1320
00:54:44,570 --> 00:54:46,090
may be able to cut it down to 6,

1321
00:54:47,110 --> 00:54:48,729
which then I can double the price

1322
00:54:48,730 --> 00:54:49,730
for fish.

1323
00:54:51,420 --> 00:54:52,919
Hey Karen, we found it.

1324
00:54:55,450 --> 00:54:56,450
Thanks.

1325
00:54:58,750 --> 00:55:00,709
So that's why we want to go box

1326
00:55:00,710 --> 00:55:03,289
by box because it

1327
00:55:03,290 --> 00:55:04,650
would have been the absolute end.

1328
00:55:10,270 --> 00:55:11,689
Karen's doing something completely

1329
00:55:11,690 --> 00:55:12,849
different now, huh? She's supposed

1330
00:55:12,850 --> 00:55:14,029
to be an hydrologist.

1331
00:55:14,030 --> 00:55:15,030
Wow.

1332
00:55:18,029 --> 00:55:19,949
Yeah, did she have training in that

1333
00:55:19,950 --> 00:55:21,929
too? I mean she got her degree in

1334
00:55:21,930 --> 00:55:22,930
that.

1335
00:55:29,690 --> 00:55:31,409
Cover. Sure.

1336
00:55:31,410 --> 00:55:32,469
They actually labeled the link on

1337
00:55:32,470 --> 00:55:33,470
the cover. Okay, perfect.

1338
00:55:36,450 --> 00:55:37,570
It's all about the NFL.

1339
00:55:38,820 --> 00:55:40,599
Not on there, but most likely.

1340
00:56:07,880 --> 00:56:09,599
It's an inspiration to write more

1341
00:56:09,600 --> 00:56:10,600
neatly on the covers.

1342
00:56:12,920 --> 00:56:13,919
That's my writing.

1343
00:56:13,920 --> 00:56:15,639
I can't blame anybody but myself.

1344
00:56:15,640 --> 00:56:16,819
I mean, you should have saw my big

1345
00:56:16,820 --> 00:56:18,479
right in the ass.

1346
00:56:18,480 --> 00:56:20,059
But we recognize their name by the

1347
00:56:20,060 --> 00:56:20,939
way. Exactly. So you thought it was

1348
00:56:20,940 --> 00:56:21,960
a very long time. Oh yeah, I always

1349
00:56:21,961 --> 00:56:22,539
keep in jail.

1350
00:56:22,540 --> 00:56:23,540
Good luck.

1351
00:56:27,050 --> 00:56:29,049
Oh, I, okay, so

1352
00:56:29,050 --> 00:56:30,130
I signed that,

1353
00:56:31,410 --> 00:56:33,529
or is it already out in the car?

1354
00:56:33,530 --> 00:56:35,909
Do you wanna scan

1355
00:56:35,910 --> 00:56:37,869
it and send it to me?

1356
00:56:37,870 --> 00:56:39,489
So that I have a copy, we should

1357
00:56:39,490 --> 00:56:41,229
have a copy of that too, sorry, I

1358
00:56:41,230 --> 00:56:42,230
forgot to.

1359
00:56:43,529 --> 00:56:44,949
Yeah, that'd be great.

1360
00:56:44,950 --> 00:56:45,950
And Karen sent the.

1361
00:56:47,030 --> 00:56:48,729
Tester with that.

1362
00:56:48,730 --> 00:56:50,249
That should be the label stuff.

1363
00:56:50,250 --> 00:56:51,029
Yup, it was.

1364
00:56:51,030 --> 00:56:52,929
Alright, so whenever I get back

1365
00:56:52,930 --> 00:56:55,269
to work, I just need to scan, email,

1366
00:56:55,270 --> 00:56:56,270
and I'll be back.

1367
00:57:01,270 --> 00:57:02,389
That's true, because it's going to

1368
00:57:02,390 --> 00:57:03,509
be on the clip more.

1369
00:57:03,510 --> 00:57:04,510
It's going stay on the clips.

1370
00:57:06,820 --> 00:57:08,699
And honestly, like, I don't know

1371
00:57:08,700 --> 00:57:09,029
if you can hear me.

1372
00:57:09,030 --> 00:57:11,409
But if it's not Friday.

1373
00:57:11,410 --> 00:57:13,369
I want it to be done

1374
00:57:13,370 --> 00:57:16,089
because I got political

1375
00:57:16,090 --> 00:57:17,409
work I have to do now.

1376
00:57:17,410 --> 00:57:18,410
Okay.

1377
00:57:20,170 --> 00:57:22,709
That was G-R-I.

1378
00:57:22,710 --> 00:57:23,649
Something.

1379
00:57:23,650 --> 00:57:24,909
I think that's probably good, right?

1380
00:57:24,910 --> 00:57:25,969
Yeah. That's big.

1381
00:57:25,970 --> 00:57:27,469
Thank you. Yeah, you're welcome.

1382
00:57:27,470 --> 00:57:28,470
Appreciate that.

1383
00:57:29,370 --> 00:57:30,809
Sorry. I feel bad it's not gonna get

1384
00:57:30,810 --> 00:57:32,429
more time with the thing.

1385
00:57:32,430 --> 00:57:33,889
That's quite all right.

1386
00:57:33,890 --> 00:57:35,149
It's one of those little elements.

1387
00:57:35,150 --> 00:57:36,389
One second.

1388
00:57:36,390 --> 00:57:37,949
Sorry, could you start?

1389
00:57:37,950 --> 00:57:39,089
Yeah

1390
00:57:39,090 --> 00:57:40,410
Um, one second.

1391
00:57:49,990 --> 00:57:50,990
Okay, whenever you're ready.

1392
00:58:05,029 --> 00:58:06,029
Perfect. Thank you.

1393
00:58:21,490 --> 00:58:23,069
That was like elementary school

1394
00:58:23,070 --> 00:58:25,369
science, water cycle,

1395
00:58:25,370 --> 00:58:26,849
those things.

1396
00:58:26,850 --> 00:58:27,709
Vaporation.

1397
00:58:27,710 --> 00:58:28,710
Yep.

1398
00:58:30,540 --> 00:58:32,719
When I did my Yajar 2070

1399
00:58:32,720 --> 00:58:34,699
doc, I

1400
00:58:34,700 --> 00:58:36,659
had him create a graphic for me

1401
00:58:36,660 --> 00:58:38,279
that showed the water cycle.

1402
00:58:38,280 --> 00:58:39,859
I was kind of thinking that, you

1403
00:58:39,860 --> 00:58:40,860
know, we did...

1404
00:58:42,720 --> 00:58:44,460
And so it's like, whew,

1405
00:58:45,560 --> 00:58:46,439
I'm doing that so well I'm going to

1406
00:58:46,440 --> 00:58:47,440
tip-stir on the corn sweat.

1407
00:59:03,660 --> 00:59:04,660
Thank you.

1408
00:59:23,799 --> 00:59:24,799
That's nuts.

1409
00:59:29,120 --> 00:59:30,120
That's kind of weird.

1410
00:59:58,250 --> 00:59:59,249
Yeah. Wait.

1411
00:59:59,250 --> 01:00:00,789
Wally from Lake Superior.

1412
01:00:00,790 --> 01:00:01,649
Wow.

1413
01:00:01,650 --> 01:00:03,769
You get up to above 20 inches

1414
01:00:03,770 --> 01:00:04,830
and it really spikes.

1415
01:00:06,470 --> 01:00:08,689
That's more than what's

1416
01:00:08,690 --> 01:00:10,729
quadruple what they were saying was,

1417
01:00:10,730 --> 01:00:11,749
what they would feel comfortable

1418
01:00:11,750 --> 01:00:12,849
eating. Oh, I know.

1419
01:00:12,850 --> 01:00:14,349
It's above 20.

1420
01:00:14,350 --> 01:00:15,350
Don't.

1421
01:00:15,870 --> 01:00:17,189
Yeah. It's like when you go to

1422
01:00:17,190 --> 01:00:18,749
Canada, that's all they eat.

1423
01:00:20,310 --> 01:00:22,029
Well, lucky enough we got this in

1424
01:00:22,030 --> 01:00:23,030
the 80s.

1425
01:00:24,030 --> 01:00:25,030
Yeah, right.

1426
01:00:26,000 --> 01:00:27,379
It's like the weight we are in is so

1427
01:00:27,380 --> 01:00:28,560
freaking strong.

1428
01:00:30,440 --> 01:00:32,959
Everything's 23, 24, 25.

1429
01:00:32,960 --> 01:00:34,479
It's just fun to catch because we

1430
01:00:34,480 --> 01:00:35,480
don't want it.

1431
01:00:36,220 --> 01:00:37,439
The weird frustrating thing is we

1432
01:00:37,440 --> 01:00:39,759
can only keep one over

1433
01:00:39,760 --> 01:00:40,760
20.

1434
01:01:14,310 --> 01:01:15,889
You've been there twice, it's never

1435
01:01:15,890 --> 01:01:17,769
happened before, mid-interview

1436
01:01:17,770 --> 01:01:19,829
it said it was at like 35%

1437
01:01:19,830 --> 01:01:21,749
which is a good amount

1438
01:01:21,750 --> 01:01:23,509
of time and then it just cut to

1439
01:01:23,510 --> 01:01:25,169
black. The reason I think it does

1440
01:01:25,170 --> 01:01:27,029
that maybe is maybe the numbers

1441
01:01:27,030 --> 01:01:29,029
will miss confusing is

1442
01:01:29,030 --> 01:01:31,069
because this is powering

1443
01:01:31,070 --> 01:01:32,309
everything, it is power this,

1444
01:01:32,310 --> 01:01:34,249
powering the camera so maybe it

1445
01:01:34,250 --> 01:01:36,929
sucks more energy I don't know.

1446
01:01:36,930 --> 01:01:38,229
Like apparently that's the nice

1447
01:01:38,230 --> 01:01:39,230
feature about this.

1448
01:01:50,080 --> 01:01:51,080
Bye.

1449
01:02:03,160 --> 01:02:05,059
We are almost at the end of

1450
01:02:05,060 --> 01:02:06,060
the tunnel.

1451
01:02:15,060 --> 01:02:16,519
This is what the assets like being

1452
01:02:16,520 --> 01:02:17,520
in this system.